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CRUSOE
PROCESSOR
Contents
   Introduction
   Crusoe processor VLIW hardware
   Code morphing software
   Long run power management
   Crusoe processor architecture
   Conclusion
Features

   Mobile computing devices like laptops ,
    webslates &notebook PCs are becoming
    common

   Heart of every PC is MICROPROCESSOR.

   The mobile computing market has never had a
    microprocessor specially designed for it
Drawbacks

   Consumes lots of power
   They get very hot
   Needs a cooling fan
   When you are on go, a power hungry
    processor
             -- run out of power before you’ve
    finished
             --run more slowly and lose application
    performance
This makes the resultant mobile
computer:

   Bigger
   Clunker
   Noisier
Crusoe processor

   Designed specially for the mobile computing
    market.
   Developed by small silicon valley startup
    company called Transmeta Corp
   Easily understood from simple sketch of the
    processor architecture called AMOEBA
Crusoe processor
   Hybrid processor
   It has a software part and a hardware part with
    the software part layer surrounding the
    hardware unit
   128 – bit microprocessor
   Fabricated on CMOS process
   Based on technique called VLIW
Crusoe processor

It uses Transmeta’s two patent
  technologies
 Code morphing software

 Long run power management
CRUSOE - AMOEBA
Crusoe processor VLIW
hardware
   Very Long Instruction Word
   Combines multiple standard instructions into
    one long instruction word
   Explicit parallelism
   Trace scheduling
   Dynamic scheduling
128 bit Molecule
X86 INSTRUCTIONS
Code morphing software
   Dynamic translation system
   Program that compiles instruction set
    architecture( X86 target ISA) into instructions
    for another ISA (the VLIW host ISA)
   Resides in ROM
   First program to start executing when the
    processor boots
Decoding and Scheduling
   Code morphing can translate an entire group
    of x86 instructions at once
   Transmeta’s software translates instructions
    once, saving the resulting translation in a
    translation cache
   The next time the x86 code is executed the
    system skips the translation step and directly
    executes the existing optimized translation
Decoding and Scheduling
   The code morphing approach can amortize the
    cost of translation over many
    executions, allowing it to use much more
    sophisticated translation and scheduling
    algorithms

   Speeds up execution while at the same time
    reducing power
Caching

   Resides in a separate memory space that is
    inaccessible to x86 code
   Size of memory space can be set at boot time
   The crusoe processor’s approach of caching
    translations delivers excellent performance in
    real – life situations
Filtering
   The code morphing software includes in its
    arsenal a wide choice of execution modes
   A sophisticated set of heuristics helps choose
    among these execution modes based on
    dynamic feedback information gathered during
    actual execution of the code.
Prediction and Path Selection
   The micro-op translation adds at least one
    pipeline stage and requires the decoder to call
    a microcode routine to translate some of the
    most complex x86 instructions
   Implementing the equivalent of that fronted
    translation in software saves Transmeta a
    great deal of control logic and simplifies the
    design of chips
   It also allows to patch some bugs in software
LONG RUN POWER
MANAGEMENT
   The TM5600 can adjust its power consumption
    without turning itself off
   It can adjust its clock frequency on the fly
   It does so quick and without requiring an
    operating system reboot or having to go
    through a slow sequence of suspending to and
    restarting from RAM
CRUSOE PROCESSOR
ARCHITECHTURE
   PROCESSOR CORE
   INTEGRATED DDR SDRAM MEMORY
    CONTROLLER
   INTEGRATED SDR SDRAM MEMORY
    CONTROLLER
   INTEGRATED PCI CONTROLLER
   SERIAL ROM INTERFACE
CRUSOE PROCESSOR
ARCHITECHTURE
CONCLUSION

   Highly integrated

   Ultra-low power

   High performance platform solution for the x86
    mobile market
REFERENCE

JOURNALS
   IEEE SPECTRUM, MAY 2000, “Transmeta’s
    Magic Show”
   CHIP, JUNE 2000
   Pc Magazine , November 2000, “The Mobile
    Edge”
THANK
YOU…..
QUERIES ???????

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Crusoe processor

  • 2. Contents  Introduction  Crusoe processor VLIW hardware  Code morphing software  Long run power management  Crusoe processor architecture  Conclusion
  • 3. Features  Mobile computing devices like laptops , webslates &notebook PCs are becoming common  Heart of every PC is MICROPROCESSOR.  The mobile computing market has never had a microprocessor specially designed for it
  • 4. Drawbacks  Consumes lots of power  They get very hot  Needs a cooling fan  When you are on go, a power hungry processor -- run out of power before you’ve finished --run more slowly and lose application performance
  • 5. This makes the resultant mobile computer:  Bigger  Clunker  Noisier
  • 6. Crusoe processor  Designed specially for the mobile computing market.  Developed by small silicon valley startup company called Transmeta Corp  Easily understood from simple sketch of the processor architecture called AMOEBA
  • 7. Crusoe processor  Hybrid processor  It has a software part and a hardware part with the software part layer surrounding the hardware unit  128 – bit microprocessor  Fabricated on CMOS process  Based on technique called VLIW
  • 8. Crusoe processor It uses Transmeta’s two patent technologies  Code morphing software  Long run power management
  • 10. Crusoe processor VLIW hardware  Very Long Instruction Word  Combines multiple standard instructions into one long instruction word  Explicit parallelism  Trace scheduling  Dynamic scheduling
  • 13. Code morphing software  Dynamic translation system  Program that compiles instruction set architecture( X86 target ISA) into instructions for another ISA (the VLIW host ISA)  Resides in ROM  First program to start executing when the processor boots
  • 14. Decoding and Scheduling  Code morphing can translate an entire group of x86 instructions at once  Transmeta’s software translates instructions once, saving the resulting translation in a translation cache  The next time the x86 code is executed the system skips the translation step and directly executes the existing optimized translation
  • 15. Decoding and Scheduling  The code morphing approach can amortize the cost of translation over many executions, allowing it to use much more sophisticated translation and scheduling algorithms  Speeds up execution while at the same time reducing power
  • 16. Caching  Resides in a separate memory space that is inaccessible to x86 code  Size of memory space can be set at boot time  The crusoe processor’s approach of caching translations delivers excellent performance in real – life situations
  • 17. Filtering  The code morphing software includes in its arsenal a wide choice of execution modes  A sophisticated set of heuristics helps choose among these execution modes based on dynamic feedback information gathered during actual execution of the code.
  • 18. Prediction and Path Selection  The micro-op translation adds at least one pipeline stage and requires the decoder to call a microcode routine to translate some of the most complex x86 instructions  Implementing the equivalent of that fronted translation in software saves Transmeta a great deal of control logic and simplifies the design of chips  It also allows to patch some bugs in software
  • 19. LONG RUN POWER MANAGEMENT  The TM5600 can adjust its power consumption without turning itself off  It can adjust its clock frequency on the fly  It does so quick and without requiring an operating system reboot or having to go through a slow sequence of suspending to and restarting from RAM
  • 20. CRUSOE PROCESSOR ARCHITECHTURE  PROCESSOR CORE  INTEGRATED DDR SDRAM MEMORY CONTROLLER  INTEGRATED SDR SDRAM MEMORY CONTROLLER  INTEGRATED PCI CONTROLLER  SERIAL ROM INTERFACE
  • 22. CONCLUSION  Highly integrated  Ultra-low power  High performance platform solution for the x86 mobile market
  • 23. REFERENCE JOURNALS  IEEE SPECTRUM, MAY 2000, “Transmeta’s Magic Show”  CHIP, JUNE 2000  Pc Magazine , November 2000, “The Mobile Edge”