SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 24
Baixar para ler offline
STEM CELL
&
CLONING
By: Palwinder Kaur
1
2
HISTORY OF STEM CELL
RESEARCH
3
TYPES OF STEM CELLS
4
Type of stem cell What it can be Examples
Totipotent cells Each cell can
develop into a
new individual
Cells of embryo
of 1-3 days
Pluripotent cells Each cell can
form any cell type
(over 200)
Cells of blastocyst
5-14 days
Multipotent cells Cells differentiate
and can form a
number of tissue
types.
Fetal tissue, cord
blood, adult cells
WHERE DO THEY COME FROM ??
• Embryos: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are stem cells derived
from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage embryo.
• Adults: Adult stem cells, also called somatic stem cells, are
stem cells which maintain and repair the tissue in which they
are found.
• Umbilical cord: Blood cells from the post-delivery umbilical
cord contain undifferentiated cells.
5
WHY STEM CELLS ??
6
7
CLONING
• Cloning in general refer to as reproduction without mating.
• Cloning is a scientific process that allows scientists to copy the
genetic traits of a plant or animal to create one or more living
replicas.
• The baby that develops will have the identical genetic traits as
the animal that provided the nucleus used to fertilize the host’s
egg. 8
MILESTONES IN HISTORY OF
CLONING
• In 1996 - Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell cloned the first animal from adult
cells. Dolly the sheep, born on July 5, 1996, was created using the so-called
Roslin Technique.
• In 1997, Infigen Inc., a biotechnology company, created the first cloned calf
named Gene in the world. It was cloned from a non-embryonic cell.
• In 1998 - Ryuzo Yanagimachi, Toni Perry and Teruhiko Wakayama of the
University of Hawaii reported cloning fifty mice from adult mouse cells.
• In 2001 - Scientists at Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. announced the birth of a
cloned baby bull gaur (a large wild ox) named Noah. Noah was the first
endangered animal to be cloned.
9
10
GENE MAGIC &
STEM
NOAH
“THE CLONES”
RECIPE OF
CLONING
11
12
TYPES OF CLONING
• Therapeutic cloning : It involves the use
of (stem) cells for medicinal or research
purposes.
• Reproductive cloning: It involve the use
(stem) cells to create cloned humans or animals.
13
WHY CLONING ??
14
• Substitute for Natural Reproduction
• Obtain Specific Traits in Organisms
• Cloning animals for excellent traits
• Possibility of repopulating
the endangered species
ISSUES RELATED TO STEM CELL RESEARCH
& CLONING
15
RELIGIOUS ISSUES
16
MEDICAL ISSUES
17
•Possible miscarriage
•Unforeseen deaths in later life of the
clone
•Health risks from mutated genes
•Developmental delays
•Neurological disorders
•Unstable immune system
CONTROVERSIAL
ASPECTS
18
•
• EMBRYONIC STEM CELL
RESEARCH
• REPRODUCTIVE CLONING
•
CURRENT LAWS
19
• In 2001 Bush announced federal funds can only be used to
study embryonic cells that already exist, all other will be
done by using private funding.
• United Kingdom made it legal to clone human embryos for
medical research.
• South Korea, Sweden & Singapore allow therapeutic
cloning.
• Australia did banned cloning in 2006 but now therapeutic
cloning is legal
FUTURE ASPECT & CONCLUSION
20
• Stem cells pose a bright future for the therapeutic world by promising treatment
options for the diseases which are considered as non-curable now a days.
• Although there has been limited success in cloning some animals, it's still seen as a
viable technology.
• Ever since the announcement of the birth of Dolly, additional
sheep, cows, goats, pigs, and mice have been cloned.
• Cloning is a big first step. Genetic
manipulation of cloned animals is the
future direction of the cloning frontier.
21
22
REFERENCES
• http://www.faseb.org/portals/2/pdfs/opa/cloning.pdf
• http://www.stemcellnetwork.ca/index.php?page=the-potential-of-stem-cell-research
• http://www.eurostemcell.org/faq/what-are-potential-applications-stem-cell-research
• http://www.linacre.org/stemcell.html
• http://www.academia.edu/207072/BIOETHICS_OF_STEM_CELL_RESEARCH_AND_
CLO
NING?
• http://www.bbc.com/future/tags/cloning
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy
• http://www.eurostemcell.org/faq/what-are-potential-applications-stem-cell-research
• http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/18/health/stem-cells-cloning/
23
REFERENCES
• http://www.nature.com/news/human-stem-cells-created-by-cloning-1.12983
• http://www.dw.de/stem-cell-cloning-remains-highly-controversial/a-16824112
• http://www.genome.gov/10004765
• http://www.livescience.com/32079-how-stem-cell-cloning-works-infographic.html
• http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/health-ethics/human-embryos-and-cloning/stem-cells-cloning-and-
related-issues
• http://cbhd.org/stem-cell-research/overview
• http://www.genome.gov/10004765
• http://www.stemcellsaustralia.edu.au/About-Stem-Cells/FAQ/What-has-cloning-got-to-do-
with-stem-cell-research.aspx
• https://www.google.ca/search?q=stem+cell+research+cloning&oq=STEM+CELL+&aqs=chrome.0
.6
9i59l3j69i57j0j69i59.5855j0j4&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8
• Stem Cells and Cloning (2nd Edition) Kelly M Hogan (Author), Michael A. Palladino (Author) 24

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical Issues
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical IssuesStem Cell Research & Related Ethical Issues
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical IssuesAmna Jalil
 
Stem cell ethics 06
Stem cell ethics 06Stem cell ethics 06
Stem cell ethics 06pharmdude
 
Cloning ethical issues
Cloning   ethical issuesCloning   ethical issues
Cloning ethical issuesAnkur Verma
 
Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloningTherapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloningUrooj Sabar
 
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLSPRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLSANKUR SHARMA
 
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell Research
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell ResearchEthical and Social consideration of Stem Cell Research
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell ResearchSubathraPandiarajan
 
Cloning, Animal cloning, clone
Cloning, Animal cloning, cloneCloning, Animal cloning, clone
Cloning, Animal cloning, cloneMuhammad Waseem
 
Stem cell and its clinical implications
Stem cell and its clinical implicationsStem cell and its clinical implications
Stem cell and its clinical implicationsDRx.Yogesh Chaudhari
 
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human CloningHistory of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human CloningDr. Arman Firoz
 
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnology
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - BiotechnologyStem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnology
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnologysamkang101
 
Somatic cell nuclear_transfer
Somatic cell nuclear_transferSomatic cell nuclear_transfer
Somatic cell nuclear_transfertechfreak101
 
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.Thermo Fisher Scientific
 
Cloning
Cloning Cloning
Cloning Afael
 
STEM CELL CULTURE
STEM CELL CULTURE STEM CELL CULTURE
STEM CELL CULTURE Smawi GH
 
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical Application
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical ApplicationStem Cell Technology and its Clinical Application
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical ApplicationDr. Barkha Gupta
 

Mais procurados (20)

Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical Issues
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical IssuesStem Cell Research & Related Ethical Issues
Stem Cell Research & Related Ethical Issues
 
Stem cell ethics 06
Stem cell ethics 06Stem cell ethics 06
Stem cell ethics 06
 
Cloning ethical issues
Cloning   ethical issuesCloning   ethical issues
Cloning ethical issues
 
Cloning
CloningCloning
Cloning
 
Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloningTherapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloning
 
Stem cells
Stem cellsStem cells
Stem cells
 
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLSPRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
 
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell Research
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell ResearchEthical and Social consideration of Stem Cell Research
Ethical and Social consideration of Stem Cell Research
 
Embryonic stem culture
Embryonic stem culture Embryonic stem culture
Embryonic stem culture
 
Cloning, Animal cloning, clone
Cloning, Animal cloning, cloneCloning, Animal cloning, clone
Cloning, Animal cloning, clone
 
Stem cell and its clinical implications
Stem cell and its clinical implicationsStem cell and its clinical implications
Stem cell and its clinical implications
 
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human CloningHistory of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
History of Cloning and Ethical Issues of Human Cloning
 
Animal cloning
Animal cloningAnimal cloning
Animal cloning
 
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnology
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - BiotechnologyStem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnology
Stem Cells - Ethics Slideshow - Biotechnology
 
Somatic cell nuclear_transfer
Somatic cell nuclear_transferSomatic cell nuclear_transfer
Somatic cell nuclear_transfer
 
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
What are stem cells? An introduction to different types of stem cells.
 
Cloning
Cloning Cloning
Cloning
 
STEM CELL CULTURE
STEM CELL CULTURE STEM CELL CULTURE
STEM CELL CULTURE
 
Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloning Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloning
 
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical Application
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical ApplicationStem Cell Technology and its Clinical Application
Stem Cell Technology and its Clinical Application
 

Destaque (20)

STEM CELLS
STEM CELLSSTEM CELLS
STEM CELLS
 
Stem cell timeline
Stem cell timelineStem cell timeline
Stem cell timeline
 
Stem cell therapy
Stem cell therapyStem cell therapy
Stem cell therapy
 
Properties and uses of stem cells
Properties and uses of stem cellsProperties and uses of stem cells
Properties and uses of stem cells
 
Advances in Stem Cell Therapies: Still Experimental, or Ready to Go?
Advances in Stem Cell Therapies: Still Experimental, or Ready to Go?Advances in Stem Cell Therapies: Still Experimental, or Ready to Go?
Advances in Stem Cell Therapies: Still Experimental, or Ready to Go?
 
Somatic cell cloning
Somatic cell cloningSomatic cell cloning
Somatic cell cloning
 
Cloning
CloningCloning
Cloning
 
Stem cells
Stem cellsStem cells
Stem cells
 
Stem cells
Stem cellsStem cells
Stem cells
 
Orthobiologics - PRP, BMC the real story so far!
Orthobiologics - PRP, BMC the real story so far!Orthobiologics - PRP, BMC the real story so far!
Orthobiologics - PRP, BMC the real story so far!
 
Cloning Powerpoint
Cloning PowerpointCloning Powerpoint
Cloning Powerpoint
 
Stem cells
Stem cellsStem cells
Stem cells
 
Cloning
CloningCloning
Cloning
 
Animal cloning
Animal cloningAnimal cloning
Animal cloning
 
Stem Cell Research And Therapeutic Cloning
Stem Cell Research And Therapeutic CloningStem Cell Research And Therapeutic Cloning
Stem Cell Research And Therapeutic Cloning
 
Stem cell
Stem cellStem cell
Stem cell
 
Cloning Presentation
Cloning PresentationCloning Presentation
Cloning Presentation
 
DNA Cloning
DNA CloningDNA Cloning
DNA Cloning
 
Biological Presentation On Stem Cells
Biological Presentation On Stem CellsBiological Presentation On Stem Cells
Biological Presentation On Stem Cells
 
Stem cell therapy
Stem cell therapyStem cell therapy
Stem cell therapy
 

Semelhante a Stem cell and Cloning

problems in cloning of animal and human
problems in cloning of animal and humanproblems in cloning of animal and human
problems in cloning of animal and humanFazil Ajaz
 
International academy of ecology and medicine
International academy of ecology and medicineInternational academy of ecology and medicine
International academy of ecology and medicineFazil Ajaz
 
#SciChallenge2017 Cloning
#SciChallenge2017 Cloning#SciChallenge2017 Cloning
#SciChallenge2017 CloningTanisha Lohia
 
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01Адам
 
Group four(cloning) 2
Group four(cloning) 2Group four(cloning) 2
Group four(cloning) 2Manish Halai
 
Cell cloning, animal cell culture
Cell cloning, animal cell cultureCell cloning, animal cell culture
Cell cloning, animal cell cultureKAUSHAL SAHU
 
Stem cell research Project
Stem cell research ProjectStem cell research Project
Stem cell research ProjectKartikeya Singh
 
Stem Cell Research.pptx
Stem Cell Research.pptxStem Cell Research.pptx
Stem Cell Research.pptxSaniaAkram11
 
Cloning experiments in amphibians, mammals and human
Cloning experiments  in amphibians, mammals and humanCloning experiments  in amphibians, mammals and human
Cloning experiments in amphibians, mammals and humanSHEETHUMOLKS
 
Cloning #SciChallenge2017
Cloning #SciChallenge2017Cloning #SciChallenge2017
Cloning #SciChallenge2017Maria Prică
 
Essay On Cloning Informative Speech
Essay On Cloning Informative SpeechEssay On Cloning Informative Speech
Essay On Cloning Informative SpeechAngie Jorgensen
 
STEM CELL THERAPY
STEM CELL THERAPYSTEM CELL THERAPY
STEM CELL THERAPYsadaf0012
 

Semelhante a Stem cell and Cloning (20)

Cloning
CloningCloning
Cloning
 
Cloning
CloningCloning
Cloning
 
Issues related to reproductive and cloning techniques
Issues related to reproductive and cloning techniquesIssues related to reproductive and cloning techniques
Issues related to reproductive and cloning techniques
 
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloningBiotech2012 spring 10_cloning
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning
 
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning_0
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning_0Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning_0
Biotech2012 spring 10_cloning_0
 
problems in cloning of animal and human
problems in cloning of animal and humanproblems in cloning of animal and human
problems in cloning of animal and human
 
International academy of ecology and medicine
International academy of ecology and medicineInternational academy of ecology and medicine
International academy of ecology and medicine
 
#SciChallenge2017 Cloning
#SciChallenge2017 Cloning#SciChallenge2017 Cloning
#SciChallenge2017 Cloning
 
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01
Cloning 100809065228-phpapp01
 
Group four(cloning) 2
Group four(cloning) 2Group four(cloning) 2
Group four(cloning) 2
 
Cell cloning, animal cell culture
Cell cloning, animal cell cultureCell cloning, animal cell culture
Cell cloning, animal cell culture
 
Stem cell research Project
Stem cell research ProjectStem cell research Project
Stem cell research Project
 
Stem Cell Research.pptx
Stem Cell Research.pptxStem Cell Research.pptx
Stem Cell Research.pptx
 
Cloning experiments in amphibians, mammals and human
Cloning experiments  in amphibians, mammals and humanCloning experiments  in amphibians, mammals and human
Cloning experiments in amphibians, mammals and human
 
Cloning #SciChallenge2017
Cloning #SciChallenge2017Cloning #SciChallenge2017
Cloning #SciChallenge2017
 
Essay On Cloning Informative Speech
Essay On Cloning Informative SpeechEssay On Cloning Informative Speech
Essay On Cloning Informative Speech
 
STEM CELL THERAPY
STEM CELL THERAPYSTEM CELL THERAPY
STEM CELL THERAPY
 
Cloning cseb 60
Cloning cseb 60Cloning cseb 60
Cloning cseb 60
 
cloning_dolly.pptx
cloning_dolly.pptxcloning_dolly.pptx
cloning_dolly.pptx
 
Biology investigatory
Biology investigatoryBiology investigatory
Biology investigatory
 

Último

Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th Sem
Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th SemUnit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th Sem
Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th SemHUHam1
 
An intro to explainable AI for polar climate science
An intro to  explainable AI for  polar climate scienceAn intro to  explainable AI for  polar climate science
An intro to explainable AI for polar climate scienceZachary Labe
 
Human brain.. It's parts and function.
Human brain.. It's parts and function. Human brain.. It's parts and function.
Human brain.. It's parts and function. MUKTA MANJARI SAHOO
 
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & Research
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & ResearchExploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & Research
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & ResearchPrachya Adhyayan
 
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...PirithiRaju
 
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdf
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdfSUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdf
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdfsantiagojoderickdoma
 
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and Engineers
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and EngineersPhysics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and Engineers
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and EngineersAndreaLucarelli
 
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabus
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabusAlternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabus
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabusPradnya Wadekar
 
CW marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docx
CW  marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docxCW  marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docx
CW marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docxmarwaahmad357
 
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research & Studies
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research &  StudiesExcavation Methods in Archaeological Research &  Studies
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research & StudiesPrachya Adhyayan
 
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPR
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPRPests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPR
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPRPirithiRaju
 
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...Sérgio Sacani
 
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...Sérgio Sacani
 
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdfPests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdfPirithiRaju
 
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)chatterjeesoumili50
 
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptx
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptxTHE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptx
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptxAkinrotimiOluwadunsi
 
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptx
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptxIntensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptx
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptxHarshiniAlapati
 
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptx
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptxGenetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptx
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptxaishnasrivastava
 
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdf
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdfGene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdf
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdfNetHelix
 
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...marwaahmad357
 

Último (20)

Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th Sem
Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th SemUnit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th Sem
Unit 3, Herbal Drug Technology, B Pharmacy 6th Sem
 
An intro to explainable AI for polar climate science
An intro to  explainable AI for  polar climate scienceAn intro to  explainable AI for  polar climate science
An intro to explainable AI for polar climate science
 
Human brain.. It's parts and function.
Human brain.. It's parts and function. Human brain.. It's parts and function.
Human brain.. It's parts and function.
 
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & Research
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & ResearchExploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & Research
Exploration Method’s in Archaeological Studies & Research
 
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...
3.2 Pests of Sorghum_Identification, Symptoms and nature of damage, Binomics,...
 
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdf
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdfSUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdf
SUKDANAN DIAGNOSTIC TEST IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE ANSWER KEYY.pdf
 
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and Engineers
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and EngineersPhysics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and Engineers
Physics Serway Jewett 6th edition for Scientists and Engineers
 
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabus
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabusAlternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabus
Alternative system of medicine herbal drug technology syllabus
 
CW marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docx
CW  marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docxCW  marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docx
CW marking grid Analytical BS - M Ahmad.docx
 
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research & Studies
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research &  StudiesExcavation Methods in Archaeological Research &  Studies
Excavation Methods in Archaeological Research & Studies
 
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPR
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPRPests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPR
Pests of Redgram_Identification, Binomics_Dr.UPR
 
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...
Identification of Superclusters and Their Properties in the Sloan Digital Sky...
 
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...
Digitized Continuous Magnetic Recordings for the August/September 1859 Storms...
 
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdfPests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdf
Pests of wheat_Identification, Bionomics, Damage symptoms, IPM_Dr.UPR.pdf
 
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)
TORSION IN GASTROPODS- Anatomical event (Zoology)
 
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptx
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptxTHE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptx
THE HISTOLOGY OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 2024.pptx
 
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptx
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptxIntensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptx
Intensive Housing systems for Poultry.pptx
 
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptx
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptxGenetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptx
Genetic Engineering in bacteria for resistance.pptx
 
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdf
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdfGene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdf
Gene transfer in plants agrobacterium.pdf
 
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...
001 Case Study - Submission Point_c1051231_attempt_2023-11-23-14-08-42_ABS CW...
 

Stem cell and Cloning

  • 2. 2
  • 3. HISTORY OF STEM CELL RESEARCH 3
  • 4. TYPES OF STEM CELLS 4 Type of stem cell What it can be Examples Totipotent cells Each cell can develop into a new individual Cells of embryo of 1-3 days Pluripotent cells Each cell can form any cell type (over 200) Cells of blastocyst 5-14 days Multipotent cells Cells differentiate and can form a number of tissue types. Fetal tissue, cord blood, adult cells
  • 5. WHERE DO THEY COME FROM ?? • Embryos: Embryonic stem (ES) cells are stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage embryo. • Adults: Adult stem cells, also called somatic stem cells, are stem cells which maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found. • Umbilical cord: Blood cells from the post-delivery umbilical cord contain undifferentiated cells. 5
  • 7. 7
  • 8. CLONING • Cloning in general refer to as reproduction without mating. • Cloning is a scientific process that allows scientists to copy the genetic traits of a plant or animal to create one or more living replicas. • The baby that develops will have the identical genetic traits as the animal that provided the nucleus used to fertilize the host’s egg. 8
  • 9. MILESTONES IN HISTORY OF CLONING • In 1996 - Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell cloned the first animal from adult cells. Dolly the sheep, born on July 5, 1996, was created using the so-called Roslin Technique. • In 1997, Infigen Inc., a biotechnology company, created the first cloned calf named Gene in the world. It was cloned from a non-embryonic cell. • In 1998 - Ryuzo Yanagimachi, Toni Perry and Teruhiko Wakayama of the University of Hawaii reported cloning fifty mice from adult mouse cells. • In 2001 - Scientists at Advanced Cell Technology, Inc. announced the birth of a cloned baby bull gaur (a large wild ox) named Noah. Noah was the first endangered animal to be cloned. 9
  • 12. 12
  • 13. TYPES OF CLONING • Therapeutic cloning : It involves the use of (stem) cells for medicinal or research purposes. • Reproductive cloning: It involve the use (stem) cells to create cloned humans or animals. 13
  • 14. WHY CLONING ?? 14 • Substitute for Natural Reproduction • Obtain Specific Traits in Organisms • Cloning animals for excellent traits • Possibility of repopulating the endangered species
  • 15. ISSUES RELATED TO STEM CELL RESEARCH & CLONING 15
  • 17. MEDICAL ISSUES 17 •Possible miscarriage •Unforeseen deaths in later life of the clone •Health risks from mutated genes •Developmental delays •Neurological disorders •Unstable immune system
  • 18. CONTROVERSIAL ASPECTS 18 • • EMBRYONIC STEM CELL RESEARCH • REPRODUCTIVE CLONING •
  • 19. CURRENT LAWS 19 • In 2001 Bush announced federal funds can only be used to study embryonic cells that already exist, all other will be done by using private funding. • United Kingdom made it legal to clone human embryos for medical research. • South Korea, Sweden & Singapore allow therapeutic cloning. • Australia did banned cloning in 2006 but now therapeutic cloning is legal
  • 20. FUTURE ASPECT & CONCLUSION 20 • Stem cells pose a bright future for the therapeutic world by promising treatment options for the diseases which are considered as non-curable now a days. • Although there has been limited success in cloning some animals, it's still seen as a viable technology. • Ever since the announcement of the birth of Dolly, additional sheep, cows, goats, pigs, and mice have been cloned. • Cloning is a big first step. Genetic manipulation of cloned animals is the future direction of the cloning frontier.
  • 21. 21
  • 22. 22
  • 23. REFERENCES • http://www.faseb.org/portals/2/pdfs/opa/cloning.pdf • http://www.stemcellnetwork.ca/index.php?page=the-potential-of-stem-cell-research • http://www.eurostemcell.org/faq/what-are-potential-applications-stem-cell-research • http://www.linacre.org/stemcell.html • http://www.academia.edu/207072/BIOETHICS_OF_STEM_CELL_RESEARCH_AND_ CLO NING? • http://www.bbc.com/future/tags/cloning • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy • http://www.eurostemcell.org/faq/what-are-potential-applications-stem-cell-research • http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/18/health/stem-cells-cloning/ 23
  • 24. REFERENCES • http://www.nature.com/news/human-stem-cells-created-by-cloning-1.12983 • http://www.dw.de/stem-cell-cloning-remains-highly-controversial/a-16824112 • http://www.genome.gov/10004765 • http://www.livescience.com/32079-how-stem-cell-cloning-works-infographic.html • http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/health-ethics/human-embryos-and-cloning/stem-cells-cloning-and- related-issues • http://cbhd.org/stem-cell-research/overview • http://www.genome.gov/10004765 • http://www.stemcellsaustralia.edu.au/About-Stem-Cells/FAQ/What-has-cloning-got-to-do- with-stem-cell-research.aspx • https://www.google.ca/search?q=stem+cell+research+cloning&oq=STEM+CELL+&aqs=chrome.0 .6 9i59l3j69i57j0j69i59.5855j0j4&sourceid=chrome&espv=210&es_sm=122&ie=UTF-8 • Stem Cells and Cloning (2nd Edition) Kelly M Hogan (Author), Michael A. Palladino (Author) 24