Innovations - Ability 11.02.14

2. Advances in Fan Coil Unit technology
and Controls
Presented By – Mick Holland
Technical Sales Manager, Ability projects

3. Established in 2001
No 1 UK supplier of FCU
New Factory in 2012
Supplying 16000 per annum
Independently tested
In house test facilities
Controls Specialist
Ongoing Development

4. Ability Product Range
EVOLUTION (Energy Efficient EC)
MATRIX (World Leading FCU)
EVO270
- Fan Deck, Std Pod or Smart Pod
MAT270 - Std or Smart Pod
EVO235
- Std Pod or Smart Pod
MAT235 - Std or Smart Pod
EVO190
- Std Pod or Smart Pod
MAT190 - Std or Smart Pod
EVO155
- Single Inlet Pod
MAT155 - Single Inlet Pod
EVOVERT
- Std Pod or Smart Pod
MATVERT - Std or Smart Pod
EVOLUTION range available as a FCU alone OR as a full package
including all valves and controls. MATRIX is a fully packaged unit.

5. Presentation Contents
• EC Motors
• Valves - PICC v ePIV
• Controls
• Matrix Range

6. EC Motors

7. EC/DC MOTOR
rotor
permanent
magnet
lamination
stack
Hall-effect
sensor
bearing
system
winding
commutation
electronics

8. Why the shift to EC/DC motor technology?
To use less energy.
Current building regulations require that that the specific fan power,
Watts per Litre per second, for a FCU does not exceed 0.6 W(L/S). Most
design specifications are looking for this to be 0.4 W(L/S) or less.
Energy costs have soared taking this further up the agenda.
To continue to give designers a choice.
AC motors are inefficient and use to much energy. Without the
introduction of energy efficient EC/DC technology designers would have
to look at using alternative systems.

9. What are the benefits of using EC/DC?
Use less energy
50% reduction compared to AC
Create Less Heat
Reduced heat pick up and, Therefore, overall
cooling requirement . Very useful in something that
provides cooling
Infinitely Variable
Fan speed is set via a 2 – 10 volt DC signal providing
a much greater level of control and flexibility.
Longer Life
Cooler running, sealed for life bearings and casings
make the EC/DC motor capable of lasting twice that
of it’s AC counterpart. 90,000 Hrs.
And Further Operational Benefits

10. EC Fan Deck
 Multiple scrolls onto a single motor
 Up to 3 scrolls on one single motor
 Single 1 piece fan deck
 Commonly know as a “Wobly”
 Power Factor of 0.35 to 0.5
 Only available with standard speed
control

11. EC Pod Fan - Std
 Single motor with single scroll
 Multiple units in a single FCU
 Fans can be removed individually
 Commonly know as a “ERM”
 Power Factor of 0.55 to 0.65
 2 – 10 Volt speed control

12. EC Pod Fan - Smart





Single motor with single scroll
Multiple units in a single FCU
Fans can be removed individually
Commonly know as a “ERM”
Power Factor of 0.55 to 0.65
 Pressure independent control
 Adjusts to different external pressure
 Air volume preset and remotely
adjustable

13. EC Pod Fan –
Single Inlet
 Single motor with single scroll
 Multiple units in a single FCU
 Fans can be removed individually
 Commonly know as a “Pan” unit
 Power Factor of 0.35 to 0.5
 2 – 10 Volt speed control

14. STANDARD FCU
5 Pa
10 Pa
15 Pa
Standard Pod or Fan Deck
Common Fan plenum
Single 0-10 volt signal/Voltage
Requires VCD’s

15. STANDARD FCU
5 Pa
15 Pa
10
15 Pa
15 Pa
Standard Pod or Fan Deck
Common Fan plenum
Single 0-10 volt signal/Voltage
Requires VCD’s
All ducts at same pressure

16. MATRIX CONCEPT
5 Pa
10 Pa
15 Pa
Smart Pod fan
Discharge Plenum per Fan
Multiple 0-10 volt signals
Does NOT Requires VCD’s
Ducts at lower pressures

17. VAV (Design Duty)
5 Pa
10 Pa
15 Pa
Design Duty
300 L/S (100%)
FAN = 60 Watts
SFP = 0.2 W(L/S)
W(M²) = 1

18. VAV (SetBack)
1 Pa
2 Pa
4 Pa
SetBack
150L/S (50%)
FAN = 15 Watts
SFP = 0.1 W(L/S)
W(M²) = 0.25

19. VAV (FanStop)
2 Pa
4 Pa
FanStop (Stage 1)
100L/S (33%)
FAN = 10 Watts
SFP = 0.1 W(L/S)
W(M²) = 0.125

20. VAV (FanStop)
2 Pa
FanStop (Stage 2)
50L/S (17%)
FAN = 5 Watts
SFP = 0.1 W(L/S)
W(M²) = 0.06

21. VAV (FanStop)
FCU Control Graph - Variable Air Volume
100 %
80 %
80 %
60 %
60 %
40 %
40 %
20 %
20 %
0%
0%
21.0 21.2 21.4 21.6 21.8 22.0 22.2 22.4 22.6 22.8 23.0 23.2 23.4 23.6 23.8 24.0
°C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C
RoomTemperature °C
Air Volume
120 %
100 %
Water Flow
120 %

22. VAV (FanStop)
50
40
30
20 r
15 Watts
60
5
FCU Control Graph - Variable Air Volume
100 %
80 %
80 %
60 %
60 %
40 %
40 %
20 %
20 %
0%
0%
21.0 21.2 21.4 21.6 21.8 22.0 22.2 22.4 22.6 22.8 23.0 23.2 23.4 23.6 23.8 24.0
°C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C °C
RoomTemperature °C
Air Volume
120 %
100 %
Water Flow
120 %

23. Commissioning The Airside
The Conventional Way
Matrix Way
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Check that the FCU installation is complete.
Turn on the fans in the FCU
Measure and Record the Airflow from each grille
Check proportional balance and adjust using dampers if required
Repeat steps 3 and 4 until balance is achieved
Measure and Calculate total air volume from Fan Coil Unit
Check Air volume is within CIBSE guidelines, -0 to +10%
Adjust air volume using transformer or altering control signal
Repeat steps 6 to 8 until scheduled Air Volume is achieved
TRIMMING

24. PICC Valves

26. Pressure Independent Characterised Control Valve?
Two part valve comprising
1. Pressure Regulator
• 30 to 350 kPa differential
pressure
2. Control Valve
• 2-way characterised control
valve
• Actuator

27. What are the benefits of using a PICC valve?
1. Self balancing system
2. Design water flow rate factory set
3. Remote setting of water flow rate
4. BMS knows the water flow rate
5 . No Double Regulating Valve
6. Air in system has little effect

28. PICC Valves Incorporated Into a Valve Set.
1. Flushing Bypass
2. Return Isolation Valve
3. Venturi Nozzle
4. Drain
5. Rotary PICC Valve

29. ABILITY PROJECTS
ePIV Valves

30. ePIV
Two part 15mm valve comprising
Hydraulic Balancing
Motorised Control
Pressure Independent Flow Control
Ultrasonic flow measurement

31. How does it work?
BMS
2-10v Flow Signal
Control Valve
• 2-Port control valve
• Intelligent Actuator
Two part 15mm valve comprising
• Individually calibrated flow
measurement device
• Continuous Flow Rate Feed
back via 2-10v signal

32. PICV vs ePIV
Mechanical pressure independent valves
Electronic pressure independent valves
Suffer from hysteresis
Do not suffer from hysteresis
Additional flow measurement devices required Flow measurement device built in
High minimum differential pressure
requirement (50 kPa)
Low minimum pressure differential
requirement (up to 15 kPa)
Control accuracy
+/- 10% at high flows high pressures
+/- 25% at low flows low pressures
Control Accuracy
+/- 10% standard
-0 / +10% Ability Delta Package
Considered low cost
Valveset with an ePIV valve same cost!

33. Valve Sets

34. Valve Sets

35. Valve Sets

36. New Features
Enhanced Flushing Mode
The flushing mode BV still opens the valves completely
But now it records the flushing velocity experienced, meaning if this differs
greatly day to day you can investigate the cause!

37. EPIV Details
Type
DN
V’nom [l/s]
open
15
0.35
0.004
open
20
0.65
0.007
open
25
1.15
open
32
1.80
open
40
2.50
0.025
open
50
4.80
0.048
Control
Characteristic
Control accuracy
Max. working pressure ps
Max. differential pressure pmax
Max. closing pressure ps
Medium temperature
V’max [l/s]
30 … 100% V’nom
V’min.controlabe [l/s]
0.012
0.018
modulating 0…10 V / MP-Bus
equal percentage / linear (switchable)
+/- 10% of V’actual value (25…100% V’nom)
1’600 kPa
340 kPa
690 kPa
-10 … +120°C (up to 50% Glycol)
*** May be subject to changes ***

38. ePIV Summary
•
•
•
•
•
Belimo 5 Year Guarantee
Continuous system health monitoring
Valve sets with bypasses and drains available
Soft Landing Friendly!
Low cost.
• Very easy to commissioning
• Consultants can witness commissioning
figures on all the FCUs
• Low pressure so energy savings at pump

39. Controls

41. The first ETL listed FCU controller and strategy!
Being on the Energy Technology List (ETL) means a business
can take advantage of the Enhanced Capital Allowance
Scheme (ECA).
The ECA scheme allows businesses to claim 100% first year
capital allowance on investments on ETL listed energy saving
equipment.
If a business spent £1000 the standard capital allowance
would be approx. £41.50. The ECA would be worth a £230
one off tax relief in the first year!

42. What is the specification for a modern controller?
1. Fully programmable
2. Native BACnet protocol
3. MS/TP or IP (Ethernet)
4. 4 analogue outputs
5 . 6 Triac Outputs
6. 11 Universal Inputs
7. Individually factory programmed

43. What Parameters are controlled or measured ?
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
5 . Water Supply Temperature (° C)
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)

44. How can we utilise these known Parameters ?
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
5 . Water Supply Temperature (° C)
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)

45. What can we calculate with these Parameters ?
Delivered kW
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
5 . Water Supply Temperature (° kW
Calculate delivered cooling or heating C)
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)
Supply Air Volume X Air Δ T X 1.22

46. What can we calculate with these Parameters ?
Delivered kW
Water Flow Rate
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
Calculate and Verify Water Supply Temperature (° C)
5 . Water Flow Rate
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)
Delivered kW / water ΔT / 4.186

47. What can we calculate with these Parameters ?
Delivered kW
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
Water Flow Rate 2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
Specific Fan Power 4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
Calculate the Specific Fan Power
5 . Water Supply Temperature (° C)
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)
SFP = (VA x 0.5) / Air Volume L/S

48. How can we use all of these?
Delivered kW
Water Flow Rate
Specific Fan Power
1. Supply Air Volume (L/S)
2. Supply Air Temperature (° C)
3. Return Air Temperature (° C)
4. Water Flow Rate (kG/S)
5 . Water Supply Temperature (° C)
6. Water Return Temperature (° C)
7. Motor Power Consumption (VA)

49. What is this the FCU Cubed board?
1. Daily Checks for Dirty Filter
2. Daily Checks For Fan Failure
3. Standby Sentinel
4. Basic Energy Monitoring
Heath Check - Dirty Filter
Heath Check - Fan Failure
The unit monitors the
power consumption
for a certain air
volume on its curve
after activation each
day.
If a drop in power
consumption results
in an alarm
Standby Sentinel
When fans are not
required all non-essential
controls elements are
powered down
minimising consumption.
Basic Energy Monitoring
The controller monitors
the power consumption
of the unit and reports it
to an AV in watts

50. Control Strategy
Uses an energy saving Variable Air Volume
strategy.
With an increase in cooling demand the first
call is too raise the water flow rate.
At a given point the Airflow starts to increase
to provide more cooling.
If the supply air temperature from the FCU
approaches the minimum set value the air
volume will be raised to offset this.
All parameters are adjustable on a global or
individual basis.

51. 100 %
Air
24 °C
Supply Temp
Typical With
6/12 Water
80 %
22 °C
20 °C
60 %
Air
18 °C
Supply Volume
16 °C
40 %
14 °C
20 %
12 °C
0%
Water
10 °C
Flow Rate
0%
25 %
50 %
Space Load kW
75 %
100%

52. 100 %
Air
24 °C
Supply Temp
Typical With
14/17 Water
80 %
22 °C
20 °C
60 %
Air
18 °C
Supply Volume
16 °C
40 %
14 °C
20 %
12 °C
0%
Water
10 °C
Flow Rate
0%
25 %
50 %
Space Load kW
75 %
100%

53. Matrix ³

54. What Is
Matrix ³

55. Matrix ³
A Complete Terminal
Air Conditioning
Package

56. ³

57. What is set in the controller in the Factory?
Controls Strategy
A Matrix controls strategy is fully loaded and
setup for the given project.
Address
Each Controller/FCU is addressed for use by the
BMS.
Airflows
Air Volumes for each duct/diffuser are
programmed. This includes setback air volumes for
VAV operation.
Water Flow Rate
Design water flow rates are programmed and set
utilizing the PICC characterization.
Setpoint
Room design Temperature set point is
programmed.

58. What checks are done at the end of the line?
Fans
All fans are enabled and checked that they
run from signal provided by the controller.
Actuators
Valve actuators are fully functioned through the
Delta Controller.
Temperature Sensors
A routine is run to normalize the temperature
readings from the four sensors to remove potential
measurement errors.
Triacs
All the Triac outputs are checked for function,
including those that are not connected.
Comms Check
Via a laptop, communication with the controller is
established to ensure it functions correctly.

59. Matrix ³ - Environmental Commissioning
Verifies kW cooling or heating output
remotely.
Accomplished by running a third of units in
cooling and the rest in heating.
Results are logged in a routine that runs
from a Laptop.
Results are corrected for differences
between test conditions and design.
FCU are selected to deliver cooling and
heating. Matrix gives you the Ability to site
verify this.

60. Matrix Engineering Tool
Supplied on a NetBook to every Matrix
project.
Commissioning Tool to check operation,
adjust operational parameters on a single or,
via BMS, multiple Fan Coils.
Can connect to the FCU via wireless network
if appropriate access points are installed.
This software has been developed over many
years and is tailored to the Matrix range of
Fan Coil Units.

61. What are the benefits of this system at install??
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
No volume control dampers to buy, install or air balance
No hydraulic commissioning stations to buy, install, water balance
or maintain – 2 per FCU
All individual air and water flow rates are factory loaded and stored
in each FCU controller
Matrix Engineering Tool does not need the BMS to be operative at
the time of FCU commissioning
Global water balance trimming feature as a single button press :
say, +%5 to all ChW coils on a floor
Matrix Engineering Tool includes the automatic generation of a
commissioning report including the source data used in the
calculation of flow rates

62. What are the client benefits?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The most energy efficient and flexible FCU system available
Fault Finding becomes a non intrusive, remote activity
Remote verification of water flow rates
Remote verification of kW output
Remote changes to FCU kW, Airflow, Waterflow can be made at any
time
Dirty filter, Fan failure and other alarms come as standard
Fan energy usage can be monitored

63. Thank you for listening
This has been a CIBSE approved CPD seminar.