This presentation by Barbara UBALDI was made at the 3rd Joint DELSA/GOV Health Meeting, Paris 24-25 April 2014. Find out more at www.oecd.org/gov/budgeting/3rdmeetingdelsagovnetworkfiscalsustainabilityofhealthsystems2014.htm

1. OECD OPEN DATA PROJECT
Barbara-Chiara Ubaldi
Project Manager Digital Government
Public Sector Reform Division
Directorate for Public Governance and Territorial
Development
OECD
3rd MEETING OF THE JOINT NETWORK
ON FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY OF
HEALTH SYSTEMS

2. • OECD work on OD in governments
• Key trends across OECD
• Assessing impact and measuring value
• Next steps
Content

3. OECD Open Data Project

4. Phase 1
• Working Paper “Open Government Data: Towards Empirical Analysis of
Open Government Data Initiatives” with full assessment methodology
(analytical framework + data collection) [Dec 2012-May 2013]
Phase 2
• OGD survey : strategy, implementation, value generation,
challenges [Apr – Sept 2013]
Phase 3
• Pilot testing in 8 OECD countries : validate methodology, map initiatives,
collect practices, impact assessment + MENA and LAC regions [July 2013 –
2014 ongoing]
Now
• OGD Country Reviews: Poland and Mexico
OECD OGD PROJECT 2012-14
OGD Report : data analysis and outcome of pilot testing [2014]

5. • Why Open Government Data?
• From “Right to Information” to “Open Government
Data”
• Differences between PSI, OGD and Big Data?
• Setting the principles : is it really open?
• Enabling and assessing implementation and impact
Overarching issues

6. • PSI is “information, including information products and services, generated,
created, collected, processed, preserved, maintained, disseminated, or
funded by or for a government or public institution”
• Open Data in governments - two main elements:
 Government data: is any data (highest level of granularity of information
and knowledge) produced or commissioned by public bodies.
 Open data: are data that can be freely accessed, used, re-used and
distributed by anyone, only subject to (at the most) the requirement that
users attribute the data and that they make their work available to be
shared as well.
• Big Data is a data-driven socio-economic model; as a phenomenon emerged
as available datasets produced by various sources have grown larger and
data users more aware of the value obtainable through linked and combined
data sets produced by different actors, both private and public.
• Data analytics refers to the use of data to spot significant facts and trends to
improve policy making and service delivery (public sector intelligence).
Key definitions and components

7. Open Data: Trends across the OECD

8. • The “pioneers” (e.g. UK, USA, Spain)
• Devising a sustainable financial mechanism (e.g.
Denmark, the Netherlands)
• Establishing the governance framework first
(e.g. Germany, Switzerland)
• Quick followers (e.g. France, Canada and
Mexico)
Emerging approaches

9. • Policy challenges
• Technical challenges
• Economic and financial challenges
• Organisational challenges
• Cultural challenges
• Legal challenges
Key dimensions for implementation

10. Principal Challenges for Further Development of OGD
Initiatives
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
Organisational
challenges
Institutional
challenges
Funding challenges Policy challenges Technical challenges Context challenges
Percentageofrespondingcountries
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

11. Consulting with the stakeholders
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Percentageofrespondentcountries
Was the central/federal OGD strategy/policy developed in consultation with stakeholders?
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)

12. Top 5 principal objectives of the
open data strategy/policy
0%
29%
33%
46%
54%
63%
67%
71%
71%
71%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Create economic value for the public sector
Facilitate citizens' participation in public debate
Enable citizens' engagement in decision-making processes
Improve public sector performance by strengthening accountability for
outputs/outcomes
Deliver public services more effectively and efficiently by enabling
delivery from private sector through data re-use
Deliver public services more effectively and efficiently by improving
internal operations and collaboration
Facilitate creation of new businesses
Increase transparency
Increase openness
Create economic value for the private sectorMultiple answers allowed
Percentage of respondent countries
Source: OECD Open Data in Governments Survey 2013

13. Involving the users and knowing the demand
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
a. Yes citizens' information
needs
b. Yes, businesses' information
needs
c. Yes, other stakeholders' needs
(e.g. non-profit organisations)
d. None of the above applies
Percentageofrespondentcountries
Source: Government at a Glance 2013 (forthcoming)
Does your government regularly consult users on their needs and preferences of the type of data released?

14. Open Data: Assessing impact and measuring value

15. • Economic value
• Growth and competitiveness in the wider economy
• Fostering innovation, efficiency and effectiveness in government
services (internal and external)
• Social value
• Promoting citizens’ self-empowerment, social participation and
engagement
• Public governance value
• Improving accountability, transparency, responsiveness and
democratic control
What values are governments expecting?

16. • Which ecosystem?
– Inside the public sector: support adequate workflows to gather, integrate, validate,
release, up-date and promote re-use of data (statistical offices, archives, sector data
producers, etc.)
– Outside the public sector: to sustain data re-use (media, private sector, civil society,
librarians, developers, community of practitioners, etc.)
• What activity?
• Data mining, data analytics (for policy making and service delivery), crowd-sourcing to
support service innovation, social innovation, evidence-based performance, improved
financial decisions, data mash-up and data sharing, licensing, standards, hackaton
events, metadata.
• Which capacities within the organisation?
• To ensure sustainability and autonomy: data scientist, visualisation expert, statistics
and data analytics expert, computing and systems programming skills, policy expert.
Value creation : with whom and how?

17. • Parts:
– Analytical framework: overarching issues, implementation,
impact
– Metrics
• Scope of value/impact assessment: economic, social and good
governance
• Objective is to assist governments to:
– Understand, structure and manage OGD impact
– Develop “strategies for government data and information
management”.
– Develop Open Data Action Plans in line with G8 Open Data
Charter
• Expected results: more effective OD policies and Action Plans, and
more sustainable OGD re-use efforts, comparative analysis.
OECD OGD Impact Assessment
Methodology

18. Where is the closest dentist to me?

19. How is your hospital performing?

20. Open Data: What’s next in the
analysis?

21. • Improve understanding and measuring of OGD
impact on social innovation, open innovation,
service innovation and public value creation
• Tackling pending issues:
• Balancing the strive for openness with privacy and security
• Resolving legal conflicts
• Harmonising definitions
• Acquiring adequate skills and capabilities in the public
sector
• Avoiding new divides and focus on OD for participatory
governance
• Improving understanding of context and data demand
Further analytical work to focus on…

22. THANK YOU!
For more information:
www.oecd/gov/egov
Barbara.ubaldi@oecd.org