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Semelhante a LEED 301 - ASE,WSE,Kyoto,Munters
Semelhante a LEED 301 - ASE,WSE,Kyoto,Munters (20)
LEED 301 - ASE,WSE,Kyoto,Munters
- 1. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.091©2009 HP Confidential Norival A Corrêa, Lead Energy Efficienty Engineer HP Critical Facilities Services norival.correa@hp.com + 55 11 9 9618 8720 Monday, March 29, 2012 LEED – Design Consideration of Applying Airside and Waterside Economizer to Data Center
- 2. 2 Typical Data Center Cooling Setup
- 3. 3 Data Center Free Cooling Economizer Type – Airside Economizers • Direct Air • Indirect air-to-air heat exchanger (Rotary heat wheel, Fixed plate cross-flow heat exchanger • Direct evaporation • Indirect evaporation – Waterside Economizers • Parallel (Non-integrated) • Series (Integrated)
- 4. 4 Data Center Free Cooling Economizer Type – Airside Economizers • Direct Air • Indirect air-to-air heat exchanger (Rotary heat wheel, Fixed plate cross-flow heat exchanger • Direct evaporation • Indirect evaporation – Waterside Economizers • Parallel (Non-integrated) • Series (Integrated)
- 5. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.095 ©2009 HP Confidential5 Kyoto Cooling
- 8. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.098 ©2009 HP Confidential8 Airside Economizer
- 9. 9 Direct Airside Economizer Setup The use of Air Handling Unit (AHU) to capture outside air with low heat content to replace internal heat gain
- 10. 10 Direct Airside Economizer – Industrial Concerns – Maintain Humidification • Prevent Electrostatic Discharge – Particulate Contamination • Settling on computer server boards • Electrical shorting • Corrode the circuit board components – Gaseous Contamination • Corrosion and ion migration at the computer circuit board
- 11. 11 Airside Economizer – Solutions – Maintain Humidification • Lower minimum humidity level − From 50% RH to 40% RH
- 12. 12 Airside Economizer – Solutions – Maintain Humidification • Improved humidification techniques - adiabatic − Ultrasonic − Atomizing − Wet Media
- 13. 13 Airside Economizer – Solutions – Particulate Contamination • Test indicated the use of 85% (MERV 11) filter reduce article concentrations to nearly match the level found in data centers that do not use economizers • Higher performance filter (95% or MERV 16) can be used MERV value Sources: ASHRAE 52.2-2007, Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size
- 14. 14 Airside Economizer – Solutions – Gaseous Contamination • Not enough studies in the IT industry to document the rate of corrosion with respect to gaseous pollution concentrations • The use of real time gas monitoring systems are recommended − Highly sensitive quartz crystals microbalance sensor
- 15. 15 Direct Airside Economizer Update
- 16. 16 Airside Economizer – Mechanical Rm Design – Size – Location – Structure support – Water leak containment
- 17. 17 Airside Economizer – Mechanical Room & Outside Air Intake Design – Outside air intake • Snow & Rain • Bomb Blast resistant • Hurricane resistant – Airborne particulates • Generator flue • Cooling tower water mist • Roadway dust
- 18. 18 Airside Economizer – Data Room Design – High concentration of air flow • Negative flow - Venturi Effect • Higher raised floor • Higher return plenum Return air AHUNeutral Room Air Server Cold Air Mixed Warm Air Hot Air Raised Floor Return Plenum
- 19. 19 Airside Economizer – Air Distribution Design – Air Balance & Control • Use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling
- 20. 20 Airside Economizer – Fire Protection – Fire Prevention • Fire rated wall – Fire Detection • Photoelectric and ionization type smoke detectors • High sensitive aspirating type smoke detectors − VESDA − Laser – Fire Protection • Pre-action gaseous fire protection activation
- 21. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.0921 ©2009 HP Confidential21 Waterside Economizer
- 22. 22 Waterside Economizer Setup The use of cooling tower in lieu of operating a chiller or in conjunction with operating a chiller for creating chilled water to handle a cooling load when the outdoor ambient conditions allow
- 23. 23 Waterside Economizer Type – Two ways to design and utilize free cooling systems • Series waterside economizer (Partial pre-cooling + Full free cooling) • Parallel waterside economizer (Full free cooling) Series water-side economizer Parallel water-side economizer
- 24. 24 Waterside Economizer – Cooling Tower – Cooling tower selection • Approach temperature increase as wetbulb temperature decrease (Capacity drop)
- 25. 25 Waterside Economizer – Cooling Tower – Cooling tower sizing • Optimize for winter operation − 50% annual free cooling − 6 cooling towers − 40ft x 120ft Space • Optimize for summer operation − No free cooling − 4 cooling towers − 40ft x 80ft Space
- 26. 26 Waterside Economizer – Heat Exchanger – Heat exchanger selection and sizing • lowest approach temperature, highest potential to operate waterside economizer • Physical size • Cost • Pressure drop • Maintenance Source: www.alfalaval.com
- 27. 27 Waterside Economizer – Other Design Considerations – Freeze protection and prevention • Electrical heater / Heat trace • Recessed sump / Remote Sump – Pump Sizing • Varies operation, varies pressure drop • Variable Frequency Drive – Control • Switch in and out of different operation modes
- 28. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.0928 ©2009 HP Confidential28 Indirect Airside Economizer (Munters)
- 29. 29 Indirect Airside Economizer Setup
- 30. 30 Indirect Evaporative Air Handling Unit Supply Air To Data Center Hot Return Air from Data Center Supply Fan Spray Pump Supplement Cooling coil Secondary Air Exhaust Outside Air
- 31. 31 Indirect Evaporative Air to Air Heat Exchanger
- 32. 32 Indirect Evaporative Air to Air Heat Exchanger
- 33. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.0933 ©2009 HP Confidential33 Waterside, Direct and Indirect Airside Economizers PayBack Analysis
- 34. 34 Airside and Waterside Economizer Comparison – Operating Criteria Attribute Option 1: Waterside Economizer Option 2: Direct Airside Economizer Option 3: In-direct Airside Economizer (Munters) Redundancy Easy, add on option to the chiller plant Difficult, AHU size and OA connection Difficult, IDE size and OA connection Reliability No major impact Fault tolerance No major impact Scalability Higher, heat exchanger size is relatively small Medium, depends on the amount of AHU Low, depends on the amount of AHU Expansion Higher, heat exchanger can be located outside of mechanical room Low. Outside air louver have to be designed day1 Low. Outside air louver have to be designed day1 Flexibility High Medium Low Ambient conditions Temperature & humidity ranges can be maintained per ASHRAE
- 35. 35 Airside and Waterside Economizer Comparison – Data Center Design Attribute Option 1: Waterside Economizer Option 2: Direct Airside Economizer Option 3: In-direct Airside Economizer (Munters) Building Size No major impact Need more real estate Building Structure Need additional structure support Plenum ceiling and raised floor height Need sufficient height to allow high volume of air movement Humidification Need additional humidification No major impactAir quality Need additional filtration Fire protection Need more fire and smoke detection Computer placement Same precaution. Less impact Avoid being too close to AHU discharge
- 36. 36 Airside and Waterside Economizer Comparison – Mechanical Plant Design Attribute Option 1: Waterside Economizer Option 2: Direct Airside Economizer Option 3: In-direct Airside Economizer (Munters) Maintenance Low Significantly more Medium System control Medium Relatively easy Most complex Water consumption High Low Medium Power consumption Low Medium High
- 37. 37 Airside and Waterside Economizer Comparison – Others Attribute Option 1: Waterside Economizer Option 2: Direct Airside Economizer Option 3: In-direct Airside Economizer (Munters) Equipment lead time Short Medium Long Construction time Short Long Long Retrofit Easy Hard Medium Cooling density Suitable for future high density applications Suitable for low to medium density applications Suitable for low to medium density applications
- 38. ©2009 HP Confidential template rev. 12.10.0938 ©2009 HP Confidential38 THANK YOU!! QUESTIONS?? Norival A Corrêa, Lead Energy Efficienty Engineer HP Critical Facilities Services norival.correa@hp.com + 55 11 9 9618 8720 Monday, March 29, 2012 Technology for better business outcomes