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MADE BY :- VEER SINGH
GRADE VIII C
SANSKAR SCHOOL
 Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the
  natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution
  can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as
  noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of
  pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or
  naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often
  classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.
 A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or
  soil. Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant: its
  chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence.
Pollution of air and water
AIR POLLUTION AND ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS
   Air pollution:- the release of chemicals and particulates
    into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include
    carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons
    (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor
    vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as
    nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight.
   Air pollution is harmful as it has a significant risk factor
    for multiple health conditions including respiratory infections,
    heart disease, and lung cancer, according to the WHO. The
    health effects caused by air pollution may include difficulty in
    breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing
    respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result
    in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency
    room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death.
SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION:- NATURAL AND
                  MAN-MADE
   MAN MADE:-
   "Stationary Sources" include smoke stacks of power plants, manufacturing
    facilities (factories) etc.
   "Mobile Sources" include motor vehicles, marine vessels, aircraft and the
    effect of sound etc.
   Chemicals, dust and controlled burn practices in agriculture and forestry
    management.
   Fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish, aerosol sprays and other solvents
   Waste deposition in landfills, which generate methane.
   Military, such as nuclear weapons, toxic gases, germ warfare and rocketry.
   NATURALLY MADE:-
   Dust from natural sources, usually large areas of land with little or no
    vegetation
   Methane, emitted by the digestion of food by animals, for example cattle
   Radon gas from radioactive decay within the Earth's crust.
   Smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires
   Vegetation, in some regions, emits environmentally significant amounts of
    VOCs on warmer days.
   Volcanic activity, which produce sulfur, chlorine, and ash particulates
Pollution of air and water
WATER POLLUTION AND SOURCES
• Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies. Water
  pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or
  indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to
  remove harmful compounds.
• SOURCES ARE:-
POINT SOURCES ARE FACTORIES, MINES AND POWER PLANTS.
NON-POINT SOURCES INCLUDE POLLUTION FROM GARDENS,
  STREETS, ETC.
DOMESTIC SEWAGE IS THE UNTREATED SEWAGE WHICH RUNS
  INTO LAKES AND RIVERS.
INDUSTRIAL INFLUENTS ARE BREWERIES, TANNERIES AND
  DYING.
AGRICULTURAL DISCHARGE INCLUDE FERTILISERS AND
  PESTICIDES.
OIL SPILLS ARE THE LEAKAGE OF PETROLEUM INTO THE SEA.
CONSERVE WATER
• The 3r’s must be adopted which are – reduce, reuse
  and recycle.
• Conserve forest and plant trees.
• Adopt water harvesting technique.
• Close tap while brushing.
• Us bucket instead of shower.
• Use bucket to wash car instead of pipe.
• Water plants before or after sunset as it reduces the
  rate of evaporation .
CONTROL OF AIR AND
            WATERPOLLUTION
   Automobiles should be checked.
   Lead free petrol should be used.
   Automobiles should work on CNG.
   Switch to fuels like solar energy, hydropower and wind
    energy instead of fossil fuels.
   Domestic sewage is 99.9 percent pure water, while the
    other 0.1 percent are pollutants. Although found in low
    concentrations, these pollutants pose risk on a large
    scale. In urban areas, domestic sewage is typically
    treated by centralized sewage treatment plants.
   Animal excreta must be used in gas plants.
   Wastes must not be thrown in open drains.
   If oil slick if formed in lake it must be skimmed of as soon
    as possible.
   Solid organic waste must not be thrown in water bodies
    but can be used in biogas plants.
Veer singh

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Pollution of air and water

  • 1. MADE BY :- VEER SINGH GRADE VIII C SANSKAR SCHOOL
  • 2.  Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.  A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or soil. Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant: its chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence.
  • 4. AIR POLLUTION AND ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS  Air pollution:- the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight.  Air pollution is harmful as it has a significant risk factor for multiple health conditions including respiratory infections, heart disease, and lung cancer, according to the WHO. The health effects caused by air pollution may include difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death.
  • 5. SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION:- NATURAL AND MAN-MADE  MAN MADE:-  "Stationary Sources" include smoke stacks of power plants, manufacturing facilities (factories) etc.  "Mobile Sources" include motor vehicles, marine vessels, aircraft and the effect of sound etc.  Chemicals, dust and controlled burn practices in agriculture and forestry management.  Fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish, aerosol sprays and other solvents  Waste deposition in landfills, which generate methane.  Military, such as nuclear weapons, toxic gases, germ warfare and rocketry.  NATURALLY MADE:-  Dust from natural sources, usually large areas of land with little or no vegetation  Methane, emitted by the digestion of food by animals, for example cattle  Radon gas from radioactive decay within the Earth's crust.  Smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires  Vegetation, in some regions, emits environmentally significant amounts of VOCs on warmer days.  Volcanic activity, which produce sulfur, chlorine, and ash particulates
  • 7. WATER POLLUTION AND SOURCES • Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies. Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. • SOURCES ARE:- POINT SOURCES ARE FACTORIES, MINES AND POWER PLANTS. NON-POINT SOURCES INCLUDE POLLUTION FROM GARDENS, STREETS, ETC. DOMESTIC SEWAGE IS THE UNTREATED SEWAGE WHICH RUNS INTO LAKES AND RIVERS. INDUSTRIAL INFLUENTS ARE BREWERIES, TANNERIES AND DYING. AGRICULTURAL DISCHARGE INCLUDE FERTILISERS AND PESTICIDES. OIL SPILLS ARE THE LEAKAGE OF PETROLEUM INTO THE SEA.
  • 8. CONSERVE WATER • The 3r’s must be adopted which are – reduce, reuse and recycle. • Conserve forest and plant trees. • Adopt water harvesting technique. • Close tap while brushing. • Us bucket instead of shower. • Use bucket to wash car instead of pipe. • Water plants before or after sunset as it reduces the rate of evaporation .
  • 9. CONTROL OF AIR AND WATERPOLLUTION  Automobiles should be checked.  Lead free petrol should be used.  Automobiles should work on CNG.  Switch to fuels like solar energy, hydropower and wind energy instead of fossil fuels.  Domestic sewage is 99.9 percent pure water, while the other 0.1 percent are pollutants. Although found in low concentrations, these pollutants pose risk on a large scale. In urban areas, domestic sewage is typically treated by centralized sewage treatment plants.  Animal excreta must be used in gas plants.  Wastes must not be thrown in open drains.  If oil slick if formed in lake it must be skimmed of as soon as possible.  Solid organic waste must not be thrown in water bodies but can be used in biogas plants.