1. Alzheimer's disease is caused by mutations in certain genes like APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 that can be inherited and affect the production of proteins involved in brain cell function and communication between different body parts. 2. The disease results in changes to memory, language, behavior, and other cognitive abilities as nerve cells in the brain are damaged and communication is disrupted. 3. Major risk factors include increasing age, family history of the disease, and genetic factors like the APOE gene, though lifestyle choices may also play a role in risk.

2. 4.c. Students know how 9.b. Students know how the
mutations in the DNA nervous system meditates
sequence of a gene may or may communication between
not affect the expression of the different parts of the body and
gene or the sequence of amino the body’s interactions with the
acids in the encoded protein. environment.

3. What is Alzheimer’s?
Alzheimer’s is a disease When you get Alzheimer’s Some changes would be:
that attacks the brain nerve you start to have some knowledge, speaking, and
cell. changes. behavior.
People who mostly get this
Alzheimer's is the 6th causes
disease are people from
to death.
ages 65 and older.

4. History
When: They found the disease in 1906.
Who: The founder is Dr. Alois Alzheimer. He is a
German Physician.
How: A woman of 51 years of age suffered from a strange
brain disorder. She had symptoms like: Memory lost,
language problems, and behavior changes.

5. How Mutation Causes Alzheimer’s
Disease
APP: Provides instructions
Alzheimer’s is caused by for making a protein called
gene mutations that can be There are three which are amyloid precursor.
passed to you from one of APP, PSEN1,& PSEN2.
your parents. PSEN1: makes protein for
Presenilin 1
*APOE (Apolipoprtein E): It
PSEN2: makes a protein
works with lipids in the
called Presenilin 2.
body to make molecules.

6. Symptoms
 There are ten symptoms which are:
1. Memory loss
2. Problems with language
3. Disorientation of time and place
4. Misplacing things
5. Problems with abstract thinking
6. Changing in mood and behavior
7. Changes in personality
8. Loss of initiative
9. Poor or decreased judgment
10. Difficulties performing familiar tasks

7. Women are
Risk Factors affected more
because they they
live longer then
Risk Factor : Age men.
It affects 10% of the It affects 35% of the
population over the age population over the age
of 65. of 85.

8. Risk Factors
Risk Factor: Family History
If you have someone related to When it runs in the family
you and they have Alzheimer’s Genetically or environmental it
you are most likely to get it. plays a role.
The chances of you getting
Alzheimer’s increases if more
than one family member has it.

9. Genetically
Risk Genes: it increases the possibility of
getting a disease, but don’t hope that it
will come.
Deterministic Genes: directly causes the
disease and anyone who inherits it will get
the disease.
Scientist have been identifying many risk
genes implicated in Alzheimer’s disease.
This is called Familiar Alzheimer’s
Disease. Many family members in many
generations are affected. The Earliest you
Everyone gets APOE from both parents.
can get it is at age 30-40.
Those who get APOE-e4 from one parent
have chances of getting Alzheimer’s. if you
get it from both you have higher risks.

10. Complex Age, family, and
Genetically risk factors
We may get these
factors from well,
lifestyle, and effective
Interaction can never be changed.
management.
This can cause you
Head Head injury and
Alzheimer's are very
Alzheimer’s especially
when Trauma occur
Trauma linked together. repeatedly and involves
loss of consciousness.
It leads to brain health A heartbeat pumps 20-
Heart-Head and heart health. The
brain is linked by one
25% of your blood to
your head. When you
of the body’s richest get Alzheimer's it may
Connection networks of blood
vessels.
damage the heart and
blood vessels.

11. Continuation
General Healthy aging might
Try to have good
weight. Avoid alcohol,
Healthy help keep your brain as
well as your body fit.
stay socially connected,
and exercise your brain
Aging and body.

12. How To Help: Alzheimer’s Walk
This organization has
This walk brings
It used to be called raised more than
together families,
Memory Walk in $300 million for
friends, and
1989. research, education,
caregivers.
and programs.

13. Relation
1.
• The gene has something to do in which you get
or don’t get Alzheimer's. You get the genes from
your parents.
2.
• The nervous system is part on which
Alzheimer’s Disease makes the body
communication stop. The brain sends messages
back and forth to the body.

14.  "Alzheimer’s Association National Office." Alzheimer’s Association National Office.
Web. 14 Nov. 11. <www.alz.org/alzheimers_disease_cause_risk_factors.asp>.
 "Alzheimer's Association - Walk." Alzheimer's Association - Walk. Web. 09 May 2012.
<http://www.alz.org/oc/in_my_community_walk.asp>.
 "Alzheimer's Disease Fact Sheet." National Institute on Aging. Web. 09 May 2012.
<http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet>.
 "Alzheimer's Foundation of America." Alzheimer's Foundation of America. Web. 09 May
2012. <http://www.alzfdn.org/AboutAlzheimers/definition.html>.
 "APOE." - Apolipoprotein E. Web. 24 May 2012. <http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/APOE>.
 "The Facts on Alzheimer's Disease." The Facts on Alzheimer's Disease. Web. 09 May
2012. <http://www.ahaf.org/alzheimers/about/understanding/facts.html>.