This slideshow could be used for revision purposes or for Grade 10 Visual and Design Literacy.

1. Elements of Art
The Elements of Art are the building blocks
for a work of art.
They are the ingredients of the ‘cake’.
Artists use the elements
in planned and organized ways.
They are organized
according to the Principles of Design.
This could be considered as the ‘recipe’ for the
cake.

2. Value / tone
Definition = the darkness or light of an object.
• Lighter values are used to indicate the light
source, or where the light reflects off of, and/or
shines on an object.
• Darker values are used to indicate the lack of
light.

3. •Value is used to show the 3-dimensional
quality of an artwork.
•Values can affect the mood of an artwork.
Lighter values might suggest happiness and
contentment, whereas darker values might
suggest sadness and depression.

4. • is the relative lightness
or darkness of a
Value / tone
surface. When
drawing, artists use
value when they are
shading.
• Value helps define the
form of objects being
drawn or painted. All
colors have natural
value.
• Take notice of the many
different rectilinear
shapes that have value
changes in them which
help them to look 3-D.
• Lighter values are in the
emphasis area with
darker areas
surrounding.

5. • 10 Steps of Value
• There are 100's of variances of
value but we can easily
identify 10 Steps of Value
within a work of art.
• Can you point out the 10 Steps
in this eye?

6. Ways of Achieving Value in
Drawings
• Stippling: Drawing with • Hatching: Lines places
dots. To get darker parallel and often
values you place more of • follow the contour of the
them closer together. form being drawn

7. Ways of Achieving Value in
Drawings
• Crosshatching: • Mixed Techniques:
Hatching that has Stippling, Hatching,
crisscross lines Crosshatching

9. The light source on
the sphere comes from
Viewing Value the upper left.
Highlight - Area of the
drawing that is light
because light strikes
the object and bounces
off it.
Light - Area where
object is illuminated
but not the highlight.
Form shadow - Area
where the object is
falling into darkness.

10. Core of the Shadow -
The darkest area of
the shadow, area is
furthest from the
light source.
Reflected Light -
Area away from the
light source that is
light because of the
light that has
bounced off a
surrounding surface.
In this case the light
strikes the table top
and is reflected into
the sphere.
Cast shadow -
Object makes a
shadow onto it's
surroundings.

11. • extreme light and dark contrasts within Chiaroscuro
a work of art. The word "chiaro" means
light and "scuro" means dark. An
extreme light source illuminates the
rest of the composition and this light
source becomes the emphasis in the
composition.
• In this example, the light source comes
from the candle but the head of the
man that has just been beheaded is in
darkness at the lower part of the
painting.
• Note: The term Chiaroscruo should
only be used to discuss works of art
that have this extreme light and dark. It
shouldn't be used to describe just
small areas in a work of art, but rather
the entire compositition.
• . What just happened is the Jewish
heroine Judith saved her people from
the Assyrians by beheading the enemy
general Holofernes with his own
sword. Therefore you can see why the
illumination is on her and not the head
of Holofernes.

12. Chiaroscuro
• this version of the Last
Supper, Christ is
illuminated and the rest of
the composition falls into
darkness.
• Chiaroscuro was widely
used by Rembrandt and
other artists in the
Baroque style of art
during the 1500's.

13. Value
• Low Key • High Key
• Value in a work of art are all • Values in a work of art are all light
dark in value or low on the in value or high on the value
scale, so we call those
value scale, so we call those compositions high key.
compositions low key.

14. Value
• Although there is also value in the
use of color, the drawing is a good
one to study value. Gustave
Courbet uses the lightest values
around the face of the girl to give it
emphasis. Notice the small patch
of light value in the hair. Can you
see any other light values that
indicate a light source. Dark
values are used to show where
shadows fall. Notice the dark
shadow on the girl's blouse behind
her neck, and also in the book
under the slightly open pages.?