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ATMOSPHERIC EFFECT
PRESENTATION BY
NASIR ABBAS GOLVI
We will discus about these topics.
Condensation And Precipitation.
 Air Masses.
 Storms.
 Atmospheric Pollution.
 Climate And Pollution.
Atmospheric Effects
The lower atmosphere (troposphere) is dynamic,
resulting in frequent weather changes
The movements and interactions of large air
masses bring variations to our weather
Large air masses can move thousands of miles
and influence a region for a considerable time
period
Condensation
Water droplets do not
form randomly, but form
around microscopic
foreign particles called
hygroscopic nuclei
present in the air
Hygroscopic nuclei may
consist of dust, smoke,
soot, salt, or other small
airborne particles
If the proper type/size of
airborne particles are not
present, condensation
may not occur or will be
retarded
Precipitation
 When condensation does
occur, the tiny droplets are
formed in updrafts and are
easily suspended as a cloud
 Precipitation requires
larger drops to form
 Two processes are thought
to be responsible for the
formation of drops large
enough to fall
 Coalescence
 The Bergeron process
 Coalescence – the formation of
larger drops by the collision of
droplets
Coalescence
The Bergeron Process
 The Bergeron process involves
three essential components
 Ice crystals in the upper
portion of the cloud
 Supper cooled vapor in
the lower portion of the
cloud
 Mixing or agitation brings
the ice crystals in contact
with the supper cooled
vapor
Types of Precipitation
 Precipitation
occurs in the
form of rain,
snow,, hail, or
fog
Hailstones
 If the convection cells in the
thunderstorms are powerful enough,
hailstones can become quite large
Air Masses
Air mass – a large body of air that
takes on physical characteristics that
distinguish it from the surrounding air
The main physical characteristics the
distinguish an air mass are
temperature and moisture content
Storms
 Storm – an atmospheric disturbance that may
develop within a single air mass or may
develop along the frontal boundary of air
masses
 There re different types of storms.
 rainstorms, thunderstorms, ice storms,
snowstorms, and tornadoes
Lightning and Thunder
A lightning flash travels at the speed
of 300,000 km/s (speed of light)
Thunder is a sound and only travels at
a speed of approximately 1/3 km/s
(1/5 mi/s)
Atmospheric Pollution
Pollution – any atypical contributions
to the environment resulting from the
activities of humans
Air pollution is primarily the result of
products of combustion and industrial
processes that are released into the
atmosphere
Releasing waste gases and
particulates into the atmosphere has
long been practiced
Air Pollution Sources
 The major source of air
pollution is due to the
combustion of fossil
fuels – coal, oil, and
gas
 Increased amounts of
CO2 in the atmosphere
lead to increased
acidity
 Pollution and increased
acidity of the rain
results in statues and
other structures
undergoing
increased/accelerated
corrosion
Pollution and Climate
 It is generally accepted by most
scientists that the global climate is
also being affected by atmospheric
pollution
 CO2 and other “greenhouse gases,”
particulate emissions, and the resulting
global cloud cover all affect the Earth’s also
 Scientists are trying to understand climate
changes by using various models
 Climate models give scientists the
opportunity to compare theories and use
historical data to study the interrelationships
between the Earth’s atmosphere and other
factors
 .
?
THANKS
FOR
LISTENING
Atmospheric effect
Atmospheric effect
Atmospheric effect
Atmospheric effect
Atmospheric effect

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Atmospheric effect

  • 2. We will discus about these topics. Condensation And Precipitation.  Air Masses.  Storms.  Atmospheric Pollution.  Climate And Pollution.
  • 3. Atmospheric Effects The lower atmosphere (troposphere) is dynamic, resulting in frequent weather changes The movements and interactions of large air masses bring variations to our weather Large air masses can move thousands of miles and influence a region for a considerable time period
  • 4. Condensation Water droplets do not form randomly, but form around microscopic foreign particles called hygroscopic nuclei present in the air Hygroscopic nuclei may consist of dust, smoke, soot, salt, or other small airborne particles If the proper type/size of airborne particles are not present, condensation may not occur or will be retarded
  • 5. Precipitation  When condensation does occur, the tiny droplets are formed in updrafts and are easily suspended as a cloud  Precipitation requires larger drops to form  Two processes are thought to be responsible for the formation of drops large enough to fall  Coalescence  The Bergeron process
  • 6.  Coalescence – the formation of larger drops by the collision of droplets Coalescence
  • 7. The Bergeron Process  The Bergeron process involves three essential components  Ice crystals in the upper portion of the cloud  Supper cooled vapor in the lower portion of the cloud  Mixing or agitation brings the ice crystals in contact with the supper cooled vapor
  • 8. Types of Precipitation  Precipitation occurs in the form of rain, snow,, hail, or fog
  • 9. Hailstones  If the convection cells in the thunderstorms are powerful enough, hailstones can become quite large
  • 10. Air Masses Air mass – a large body of air that takes on physical characteristics that distinguish it from the surrounding air The main physical characteristics the distinguish an air mass are temperature and moisture content
  • 11. Storms  Storm – an atmospheric disturbance that may develop within a single air mass or may develop along the frontal boundary of air masses  There re different types of storms.  rainstorms, thunderstorms, ice storms, snowstorms, and tornadoes
  • 12. Lightning and Thunder A lightning flash travels at the speed of 300,000 km/s (speed of light) Thunder is a sound and only travels at a speed of approximately 1/3 km/s (1/5 mi/s)
  • 13. Atmospheric Pollution Pollution – any atypical contributions to the environment resulting from the activities of humans Air pollution is primarily the result of products of combustion and industrial processes that are released into the atmosphere Releasing waste gases and particulates into the atmosphere has long been practiced
  • 14. Air Pollution Sources  The major source of air pollution is due to the combustion of fossil fuels – coal, oil, and gas  Increased amounts of CO2 in the atmosphere lead to increased acidity  Pollution and increased acidity of the rain results in statues and other structures undergoing increased/accelerated corrosion
  • 15. Pollution and Climate  It is generally accepted by most scientists that the global climate is also being affected by atmospheric pollution  CO2 and other “greenhouse gases,” particulate emissions, and the resulting global cloud cover all affect the Earth’s also  Scientists are trying to understand climate changes by using various models  Climate models give scientists the opportunity to compare theories and use historical data to study the interrelationships between the Earth’s atmosphere and other factors  .
  • 16. ?