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09/03/13 1
Psychosocial Aspects Of Dentistry
 By: Najib Ahmad
 Roll no: 65
 Class: 2nd
year BDS
 College: Khyber College Of Dentistry
Peshawar
09/03/13 2
Contents
 Sociology
 Psychology
 Social Psychology
09/03/13 3
Sociology
 The study of groups of individuals which form
a society and how they interact and behave
in society and the out comes their interaction.
09/03/13 4
Psychology
 The study of human behavior of how people
behave and why they behave in just the way
they do.
09/03/13 5
Psychosocial
 It is concerned with the psychology of
individuals living in society or groups.
09/03/13 6
Sociology:
 The study of groups of individuals which
form the society and how they interact and
behave in the society and the outcomes of
these interactions.
 FACTORS:
 Affordability to a dental health services
 Accessibility to dental health care service,
 Acceptability of DHCS
 Community participation
 Sustainability of program
09/03/13 7
Affordability of dental health services
 In order to determine if the community can pay
directly or indirectly for the health care services,
there is a need to measure the socioeconomic
status to which the particular community belongs.
 Methods are
1) Kuppu swamy’s classification in urban areas &
2) Uday Parekh socioeconomic classification in rural
areas
And another method of determining whether an
individual is above poverty line or below poverty
line.
09/03/13 8
Accessibility to dental health care
service
 Dental health care services are not easily
available in villages therefore provision of
DHC can be created only if there roads and
better communication for the villagers to
reach the cities this is called accessibility,
09/03/13 9
Acceptability of dental health care
service
 Even if the community based DHCS are
present then the sociological behavior of the
people is important in accepting this service
for their own use. This is called acceptability
of DHCS
 For example: it is wrongly believed that
eating pan cleans the teeth.
 This behavior can be changed by promoting
good social behavior.
09/03/13 10
Community participation
 For any community based dental health
program to remain successful, planning,
publicity, provision of facility for
the program,motivating others to use the
services and finally helping to suggest
methods of making the programs more
practical and useful.
 To achieve this local help groups and local
women’s groups are trained.
09/03/13 11
Sustainability of program
 Most community based dental health
programs are started through external
funding of institutions and when the funding
stops the program is not continuous by the
people due the lack of finance, commitment,
training of local trainers, and lack of
continuous motivation
09/03/13 12
 In order to continue the program it is
important to train the local groups which will
generate funds for the program .
09/03/13 13
Psychosocial
 It is concerned with the psychology of
individuals living in society or groups.
09/03/13 14
Scope and use
 Normal behavior.
 What society expects from you to do.
 And this may conflict with your present
behavior.
 If a behavior is good then promote it.
 If it harmless then leave it alone.
 If it is harmful then you need to change the
behavior to suit a desired health behavior.
09/03/13 15
 Psychological behavior is different when an
individual is alone as compared to when
he/she is in groups.
 For this you have to use different methods
while planning DHP.
09/03/13 16
Factors
 Age and sex
 Skills and habits
 Intelligence
 Emotions
 Beliefs and culture
 Past Experience
09/03/13 17
 Behaviour during illness
 Behaviour when healthy
 Independent or married
 Motivation
 Attitude
09/03/13 18
1:Age and sex
 Children and women are more interested in
health and therefore are good target for
CDHP.
09/03/13 19
Skills and habits:
 Skills can be modified by training through
demonstrator and giving reasons for the
need to learn the new skills.
09/03/13 20
Intelligence
 Intelligence is either inborn or developed
through training.
 The dental health care provider should also
develop the skills to modify the dental health
care program.
 IQ= Mental Age *100
Chronological Age
09/03/13 21
Emotion
 Emotion is the strong feeling or reaction.
 It motivate human behavior
 It is characterized by both internal and
external changes.
09/03/13 22
Beliefs and culture
 Beliefs are what you trust in and these may
be harmful,harmless or beneficial.
 The DHP must aim to remove the
harmful,promote the beneficial and leave the
harmless beliefs.
 Culture is the behavior which is learnt from
childhood,from others in the community and
from family members.
09/03/13 23
Past Experience
 Past experience may be bad therefore any
attempt to change the behavior becomes
difficult.
 So in any DHP past experience should be
considered. e.g.
 Use of different tooth brushing techniques,
tooth powders and pastes,
09/03/13 24
 Past experience may also be pleasant and
these could be utilized to strengthen health
programs.
 For these purpose detailed psychological
survey before planning health programs are
important.
09/03/13 25
Behaviour during illness
 When a person falls ill his or her Behaviour is
totally dependent on others and his or her
main goal is to remove the sign of illness as
early as possible.
 So the dental health program must address
the immediate needs of solving and removing
the illness behavior and then moving the
patient towards healthy behavior.
09/03/13 26
Behaviour when healthy
 Healthy person gives least importance to any
dental problem as long as there are no signs
and symptoms which trouble him therefore it
is important to create a sense of
responsibilities towards preventive dental
health care in order to maintain healthy
behavior
09/03/13 27
Independent or Married
 When married the individual tends to be more
responsible and therefore more easily
agreeable to changing towards healthy dental
practice.
 Therefore dental health program must aimed
more at their children so that parents
responds more positively toward health
programs because of there greater sense of
responsibility for their children’s health.
09/03/13 28
Motivation
 Inner face phenomenon
 Drives individuals to certain action
 May be positive or negative.
 Positive motivation is more successful than
negative.
 Contagious
09/03/13 29
Attitude
 The attitude of the community toward any
dental health program should be modified b/c
the community feels that dental health is far
less important then other illness.
 This feeling of the community towards dental
health program needs to be modified.
 For this the behavioral change method
should be the part of the community dental
health programs.
09/03/13 30
Conclusion
 The interactions b/w social factors and health
issues is dynamic complex some
unpredictable. Every society has its own
customs ,beliefs traditions and practices
which are important part of our environment.
 It is stated generally that social sciences
intern behavioral sciences have been brought
to public health.
09/03/13 31
 In terms of studying psychology culture and
other aspects of human Behaviour
09/03/13 32
References
 http://www.ijrdh.com/files/2%20kuppuswamy.p
df
 http://www.researchgate.net/post/How_do_yo
u_classify_people_in_regard_to_their_socioec
onomic_status
 http://www.google.com.pk/search?
tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=eE0jUqeJJ4qL7Aa784Hg
BQ&q=rab+e+zidni+ilma&oq=rabe+zi&gs_l-
gws-
 S S Hiremath
 Joseph John
09/03/13 33

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Psychosocial aspects of dentistry

  • 1. 09/03/13 1 Psychosocial Aspects Of Dentistry  By: Najib Ahmad  Roll no: 65  Class: 2nd year BDS  College: Khyber College Of Dentistry Peshawar
  • 2. 09/03/13 2 Contents  Sociology  Psychology  Social Psychology
  • 3. 09/03/13 3 Sociology  The study of groups of individuals which form a society and how they interact and behave in society and the out comes their interaction.
  • 4. 09/03/13 4 Psychology  The study of human behavior of how people behave and why they behave in just the way they do.
  • 5. 09/03/13 5 Psychosocial  It is concerned with the psychology of individuals living in society or groups.
  • 6. 09/03/13 6 Sociology:  The study of groups of individuals which form the society and how they interact and behave in the society and the outcomes of these interactions.  FACTORS:  Affordability to a dental health services  Accessibility to dental health care service,  Acceptability of DHCS  Community participation  Sustainability of program
  • 7. 09/03/13 7 Affordability of dental health services  In order to determine if the community can pay directly or indirectly for the health care services, there is a need to measure the socioeconomic status to which the particular community belongs.  Methods are 1) Kuppu swamy’s classification in urban areas & 2) Uday Parekh socioeconomic classification in rural areas And another method of determining whether an individual is above poverty line or below poverty line.
  • 8. 09/03/13 8 Accessibility to dental health care service  Dental health care services are not easily available in villages therefore provision of DHC can be created only if there roads and better communication for the villagers to reach the cities this is called accessibility,
  • 9. 09/03/13 9 Acceptability of dental health care service  Even if the community based DHCS are present then the sociological behavior of the people is important in accepting this service for their own use. This is called acceptability of DHCS  For example: it is wrongly believed that eating pan cleans the teeth.  This behavior can be changed by promoting good social behavior.
  • 10. 09/03/13 10 Community participation  For any community based dental health program to remain successful, planning, publicity, provision of facility for the program,motivating others to use the services and finally helping to suggest methods of making the programs more practical and useful.  To achieve this local help groups and local women’s groups are trained.
  • 11. 09/03/13 11 Sustainability of program  Most community based dental health programs are started through external funding of institutions and when the funding stops the program is not continuous by the people due the lack of finance, commitment, training of local trainers, and lack of continuous motivation
  • 12. 09/03/13 12  In order to continue the program it is important to train the local groups which will generate funds for the program .
  • 13. 09/03/13 13 Psychosocial  It is concerned with the psychology of individuals living in society or groups.
  • 14. 09/03/13 14 Scope and use  Normal behavior.  What society expects from you to do.  And this may conflict with your present behavior.  If a behavior is good then promote it.  If it harmless then leave it alone.  If it is harmful then you need to change the behavior to suit a desired health behavior.
  • 15. 09/03/13 15  Psychological behavior is different when an individual is alone as compared to when he/she is in groups.  For this you have to use different methods while planning DHP.
  • 16. 09/03/13 16 Factors  Age and sex  Skills and habits  Intelligence  Emotions  Beliefs and culture  Past Experience
  • 17. 09/03/13 17  Behaviour during illness  Behaviour when healthy  Independent or married  Motivation  Attitude
  • 18. 09/03/13 18 1:Age and sex  Children and women are more interested in health and therefore are good target for CDHP.
  • 19. 09/03/13 19 Skills and habits:  Skills can be modified by training through demonstrator and giving reasons for the need to learn the new skills.
  • 20. 09/03/13 20 Intelligence  Intelligence is either inborn or developed through training.  The dental health care provider should also develop the skills to modify the dental health care program.  IQ= Mental Age *100 Chronological Age
  • 21. 09/03/13 21 Emotion  Emotion is the strong feeling or reaction.  It motivate human behavior  It is characterized by both internal and external changes.
  • 22. 09/03/13 22 Beliefs and culture  Beliefs are what you trust in and these may be harmful,harmless or beneficial.  The DHP must aim to remove the harmful,promote the beneficial and leave the harmless beliefs.  Culture is the behavior which is learnt from childhood,from others in the community and from family members.
  • 23. 09/03/13 23 Past Experience  Past experience may be bad therefore any attempt to change the behavior becomes difficult.  So in any DHP past experience should be considered. e.g.  Use of different tooth brushing techniques, tooth powders and pastes,
  • 24. 09/03/13 24  Past experience may also be pleasant and these could be utilized to strengthen health programs.  For these purpose detailed psychological survey before planning health programs are important.
  • 25. 09/03/13 25 Behaviour during illness  When a person falls ill his or her Behaviour is totally dependent on others and his or her main goal is to remove the sign of illness as early as possible.  So the dental health program must address the immediate needs of solving and removing the illness behavior and then moving the patient towards healthy behavior.
  • 26. 09/03/13 26 Behaviour when healthy  Healthy person gives least importance to any dental problem as long as there are no signs and symptoms which trouble him therefore it is important to create a sense of responsibilities towards preventive dental health care in order to maintain healthy behavior
  • 27. 09/03/13 27 Independent or Married  When married the individual tends to be more responsible and therefore more easily agreeable to changing towards healthy dental practice.  Therefore dental health program must aimed more at their children so that parents responds more positively toward health programs because of there greater sense of responsibility for their children’s health.
  • 28. 09/03/13 28 Motivation  Inner face phenomenon  Drives individuals to certain action  May be positive or negative.  Positive motivation is more successful than negative.  Contagious
  • 29. 09/03/13 29 Attitude  The attitude of the community toward any dental health program should be modified b/c the community feels that dental health is far less important then other illness.  This feeling of the community towards dental health program needs to be modified.  For this the behavioral change method should be the part of the community dental health programs.
  • 30. 09/03/13 30 Conclusion  The interactions b/w social factors and health issues is dynamic complex some unpredictable. Every society has its own customs ,beliefs traditions and practices which are important part of our environment.  It is stated generally that social sciences intern behavioral sciences have been brought to public health.
  • 31. 09/03/13 31  In terms of studying psychology culture and other aspects of human Behaviour
  • 32. 09/03/13 32 References  http://www.ijrdh.com/files/2%20kuppuswamy.p df  http://www.researchgate.net/post/How_do_yo u_classify_people_in_regard_to_their_socioec onomic_status  http://www.google.com.pk/search? tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=eE0jUqeJJ4qL7Aa784Hg BQ&q=rab+e+zidni+ilma&oq=rabe+zi&gs_l- gws-  S S Hiremath  Joseph John