Optimization/Benchmark/Audit Services (Contact: info@exceleron-communications.com)
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The document provides a summary of the results of a drive test audit of cellular networks in Karachi, Pakistan. The summary includes: 1) Analysis of voice and data network performance metrics like coverage, call quality, throughput etc. for four operators - Mobilink, Telenor, Warid and Zong across various areas of Karachi. 2) Mobilink and Telenor generally had better performance than Warid and Zong according to metrics like coverage, call quality and throughput. However, some specific issues were identified for each operator. 3) The document identifies key issues found for each operator through detailed analysis of metrics and makes recommendations for improvement based on the findings.
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Optimization/Benchmark/Audit Services (Contact: info@exceleron-communications.com)
- 2. SCOPE Drive testing has regained importance Competitive Benchmarking Location based analysis Closest to customer experience Method of analysis Sample to show Potential, Possibilities Comprehensive, Customer-Centric, Focused TM
- 3. SCENARIO Call Area & Operators • • • • • Voice: Long Call Data: Downloading, uploading using ftp Timing: Daytime Speed: Moderate < 40Km/h City: Karachi – – • • Sharahe Faisal from Airport to Metropole and back DHA Phase 5 and 6 Voice: Mobilink, Telenor, Warid, Zong Data: Mobilink, Telenor Analysis Drive Testing: TEMS Investigation Analysis: Fast Drive Investigation TM
- 4. Criteria GSM Voice GSM Data (GPRS-Edge) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Availability: Received Level > -85 dBm Integrity: Receive Quality < 4 Confinement: Timing Advance < 3 Dominance: Server-6th neighbor <8 dBm Speech Protection: AMR FR Power Efficiency (UL): MS Tx Power < 19 dBm Mobility: Handover Failures Retainability: Dropped Calls Accessibility: Data Mode is EDGE Integrity: BLER < 10% Throughput RLC: More than 50 Kbps Resource Efficiency: Control %age < 20% Data Efficiency: MCS 6 – MCS9 Capacity: > 2 TS Instability: Idle events vs Reselections Experience: Throughput average TM
- 5. Colors TM
- 6. HIGH LEVEL SUMMARY OF RESULTS TM
- 7. DHA (Voice) Result Availability Mobility Integrity Retainabiltiy Confinement Power Efficiency (UL) Speech Protection Dominance TM
- 8. Shahrahe Faisal (Voice) Result Availability Mobility Integrity Retainability Confinement Power Efficiency (UL) Speech Protection Dominance TM
- 9. Sharahe Faisal (GPRS/Edge) Result Accessibility Integrity Capacity Data Efficiency Resource Efficiency Throughput (RLC) TM
- 10. DHA Phase 5 and 6 DETAILS TM
- 11. Availability • Illustrates Receive Level • Values better than -85 dBm are good coverage, this eliminates power control affect • Poor coverage points will have call quality issues especially in-building Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink best; Warid worst • Zong has poor coverage in DHA Phase 6 near Misri Shah due absence of sites • Warid has poor coverage near Khadda Market due absence of sites • Mobilink and Telenor don’t have any major coverage issue TM
- 12. Integrity • Illustrates Downlink Received Quality (BER) • Low values are better, 0 to 4 is the best range • Values more than 4 are call affecting Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Zong and Mobilink best; Telenor worst • Telenor has one poor quality spot due to poor optimization, although a site nearby TM
- 13. Speech Protection • Illustrates speech codecs used • AMR Full Rate is the best • AMR FR provides the best protection against interference and poor quality Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Warid best, Zong second best; Mobilink worst • Mobilink worst probably due to high traffic utilization forcing calls to go on AMR HR • Mobilink dimensioning needs to be revisited • All operators using AMR throughout which is great TM
- 14. Uplink Power Efficiency • Illustrates Uplink power level • Lower values are good, better PC optimization • A way to measure UL performance with drive Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink best; Telenor close second; Zong and Warid worst • The main reason for Zong and Warid poor performance is lack of sites • Zong uplink power control needs optimization TM
- 15. Confinement • Illustrates the proximity of serving sites with drive samples • Low values are good, 0 to indicates the serving cell is within 1 Km • High values can indicate lack of sites or poorly optimized areas Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink is the best , Warid is the worst along with Zong. • Most issues due to poor penetration of sites in Warid and Zong • Some issues where nearby sites are not serving due to poor optimization TM
- 16. Dominance • Illustrates lack of dominant cells, 6th neighbour within 8 dB • Map thematic shows Rx Level of servers where there was no dominant server • Low dominant areas encourage interference, and is a result of poor optimization Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Warid and Zong the best; Mobilink the worst. • Mobilink has not optimized its coverage and too may cells overshooting • Warid and Zong are helped by the lack of sites TM
- 18. Availability • Illustrates Receive Level • Values better than -85 dBm are good coverage, this eliminates power control affect • Poor coverage points will have call quality issues especially in-building Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink the best; Warid the worst Warid has most issues around Base Faisal area, even though there is a site nearby TM
- 19. Integrity • Illustrates Downlink Received Quality (BER) • Low values are better, 0 to 4 is the best range Values more than 4 are call affecting Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong • Mobilink , Zong and Warid best; Telenor the worst. Frequency plan needs optimization TM
- 20. Speech Protection • Illustrates speech codecs used • AMR Full Rate is the best • AMR FR provides the best protection against interference and poor quality Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Warid the best; Mobilink the worst. • In case of poor Link Quality Mobilink customers will feel it the most TM
- 21. Uplink Power Efficiency • Illustrates Uplink power level • Lower values are good, better PC optimization • A way to measure UL performance with drive Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink, Telenor the best; Zong the worst UL window needs optimization and Zong requires a new site in Base Faisal area TM
- 22. Confinement • Illustrates the proximity of serving sites with drive samples • Low values are good, 0 to indicates the serving cell is within 1 Km • High values can indicate lack of sites or poorly optimized areas Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink and Telenor best; Zong worst Zong has no sites near Base Faisal, which causes far sites to serve TM
- 23. Dominance • Illustrates lack of dominant cells, 6th neighbour within 8 dB • Map thematic shows Rx Level of servers where there was no dominant server • Low dominant areas encourage interference, and is a result of poor optimization Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong All similar All networks have significant number of low dominance points due to high number of sites and poor optimization TM
- 25. Accessibility • Illustrates Edge usage • Lack of Edge usage can indicate fault with parameters settings or lack of resources Mobilink DL Mobilink UL Telenor DL Telenor UL Telenor best; Mobilink worst • Both networks have GPRS points, which is a concern, it should all be Edge TM
- 26. Throughput (RLC) • Illustrates Radio Layer Control Throughput • Average of than 50 Kbps is deemed good for Edge-GPRS • There are various factors that adversely affect RLC Throughput Mobilink DL Mobilink UL Telenor DL Telenor UL Telenor best; Mobilink worst • This is the most important factor in Customer experience and Mobilink fails miserably TM
- 27. Data Efficiency • Illustrates the usage of Coding schemes • Average of than 50 Kbps is deemed good for Edge-GPRS • There are various factors that adversely affect RLC Throughput Mobilink DL Mobilink UL Telenor DL Telenor UL Telenor best; Mobilink worst • Telenor has MCS9 for majority of points which is good, Mobilink has a mixed distribution TM
- 28. Resource Efficiency • Illustrates Control data percentage, with respect to own data and other data • High values indicate an impediment to high throughput Mobilink DL Mobilink DL Telenor DL Control Data %age 0 – 20 20-50 50-80 80-100 Telenor best; Mobilink worst • Control data utilization is unusually high in Mobilink, which is a major concern • Parameters and statistics need to be checked for further investigation TM
- 29. Integrity • Illustrates DL Block Error Rate • High values indicate poorly optimized network Mobilink DL Mobilink UL Telenor DL Telenor UL Mobilink best; Telenor worst • Its misleading for Mobilink since most of the time BLER samples were missing due to high idle mode TM
- 30. Capacity • Illustrates number of Timeslots used for data • High values are preferred and result in higher throughput Mobilink DL Mobilink UL Telenor DL Telenor UL Mobilink best; Telenor worst • If Mobilink can improve other issues it will have better throughput than Telenor TM
- 32. Throughput Analysis Mobilink 0 Telenor 800 50 600 100 0 800 50 600 100 400 150 400 150 200 200 250 0 RLC Thr DL (kbit/s) 250 % own Data 0 200 200 0 % Own Data 0 RLC Thr DL (kbit/s) 1 0 0.1 50 0.2 50 0.3 100 0.4 100 0.5 150 0.6 150 0.7 200 0.8 200 0.9 250 1 Idle mode RLC Thr DL (kbit/s) 0 250 Idle Mode RLC Thr DL (kbit/s) • Mobilink DL Throughput (15 Kbps) is extremely poor relative to Telenor (74 Kbps) • Two reasons: numerous idle mode (225/39, 94/54) & high %age of control data (13, 49) • Statistics analysis and parameter audit required to investigate and solve the problem TM
- 33. Overshoot Warid • High overshooting cells identified with a button click • Footprints of two overshooting cells unusually large • Redesign required to contain these cells and prevent possible interference TM
- 34. Dropped Call Telenor Servers Neighbour & RxQual Missing Neighbor • Footprints of two overshooting cells unusually large • Missing Neighbor High overshooting cells identified with a button click • Neighbours & Events Redesign required to contain these cells and prevent possible interference TM
- 35. Radio Link Timeout • Illustrates the time before a poor quality call drops • Values are per half second, i.e. 24 indicates 12 seconds • High values indicate poor customer experience Mobilink Telenor Warid Zong Mobilink best; Zong worst • Zong has an unusually high value in almost all the points TM
- 36. GPRS on Edge Cells Mobilink • Some samples on GPRS instead of Edge • The same cell has Edge samples so its not a case of Edge disabled • Statistics and Parameters investigation required; Congestion on another interface can be a possible reason TM
- 37. High Uplink Power Zong Overview Detailed • Most of samples have high UL power • Close analysis shows some samples have lower power • It takes a long time to reach low power; PC window requires optimization and standardization TM
- 38. Low Coverage Zong Overview Detailed 500m • Sites not present in a populated area in DHA • Sites serve from more than 3 Km away, cause low coverage • 500m Site density needs improvement, no logistic issues since commercial area TM
- 39. Zong Timing Advance Zong Zong Mobilink High TA for Zong • Comparison of TA between Zong and Mobilink is depicted. • KRZ1 (BCCH 996 , BSIC 5, LAC 208) is serving strongly resulting in high TA (approx 2km coverage) TM
- 40. Aggressive power Control • Actual RSSI from KA21253 (BCCH_BSIC: 13_60 ) is between -75 to -80 dBm. • Power control decreases power up to -90 to -96 dBm • Calls on DCS (preferred layer) but with poor RxQual TM
- 41. Mobilink Warid Handover Comparison MOBILINK WARID • Many Handovers • Far away cells serving TM