25. Comparison of Vertical and Horizontal Ground
Shaking
Vertical
Horizontal
500 yr code 0.30g
2,500 year 0.54g
GNS Science
26. Actual vs. Previously Mapped Hazard
Extent of liquefaction from 22 Feb 2011.
Orange = major liquefaction. 2004 Liquefaction Hazard Map
Yellow = minor / trace / isolated small liquefaction areas
GNS Science
27. Predicted vertical contours and fault slip model (transparent)
Subsidence
up to 15 cm
along much of
the Avon, with
uplift >30 cm
of river mouth
and estuary
GNS Science
40. Globally there‟s about one/year M>8.0
Japan - 20000 x more energy
4 Sept - 30 x more energy
22 Feb
IRIS
GNS Science
41. Magnitude 8.9 NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
Friday, March 11, 2011 at 05:46:23 UTC
Globally, the 5th largest earthquake since 1900.
Great (M > 8) Earthquakes Since 1900
9.6
Chile 1960
9.4
Alaska 1964
9.2
Sumatra 2004
9
Magnitude
Japan 2011
8.8
Chile 2010
8.6
8.4
8.2
8
7.8
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
Year
GNS Science
57. Total slip in the Kapiti 2003 and Manawatu 2004/2005
SSEs was equivalent to Mw 7.26, and occurred along the
down-dip edges of inter-seismic coupling
GNS Science
59. Comparison of Japan with North Island
GPS tells us where the subduction zone is “stuck”
– building up stress to be relieved in a future earthquake
GNS Science
