MIddle East Unit, Islamic Fundamentalism
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The document discusses the rise of religious fundamentalism and modern terrorism in the Middle East. It begins by covering the origins of fundamentalism, including the 1979 Iranian Revolution that overthrew the Shah and established an Islamic fundamentalist state led by Ayatollah Khomeini. It then discusses the rise of the Taliban in Afghanistan amid the Soviet invasion and US support for mujahideen fighters. Finally, it outlines the emergence of modern terrorism exemplified by the 1972 Munich Olympics attack and the rise of Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda in continuing terrorist actions against Western influence in Muslim regions.
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MIddle East Unit, Islamic Fundamentalism
- 3. Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi The Shah of Iran (The “King”) Demonstrations supporting the Ayatollah Khomeini, Tehran 1979
- 4. (Note)
- 6. The current Ayatollah in Iran: The Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei In Iran, the Grand Ayatollah has more power than the President. It is he who is the “supreme leader” President of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
- 8. Afghan Mujahideen, 1979 Soviets invade Afghanistan, 1979 Soviet pullout from Afghanistan, 1989 It has been said that this conflict was similar to US involvement in Vietnam (i.e. USSR’s Vietnam)
- 9. “ We’d do anything to beat those pesky Soviets!”
- 11. Taliban Ambassador to Pakistan With Taliban militia Women in Burqua
- 17. Where was bin Laden from? What changed his life?
Notas do Editor
- An Ayatollah is a title given to very high clerics in the Shi’a sect. there is one in Iraq (al-sistani) and one in Iran (Khamenei) It has been called an event that "made Islamic fundamentalism a political force ... from Morocco to Malaysia ." [7] The Shah's regime was seen as oppressive, brutal, [25] [26] corrupt, and extravagant; [25] [27] it also suffered from basic functional failures — an overly-ambitious economic program that brought economic bottlenecks, shortages and inflation. [28] Security forces were unable to deal with protest and demonstrations; [29] Iran was an overly centralized royal power structure. [30] The extraordinarily large size of the anti-shah movement meant that there "were literally too many protesters to arrest", and that the security forces were overwhelmed. [31] Helping to pass the constitution, suppress moderates and otherwise radicalize the revolution was the holding of 52 American diplomats hostage for over a year. In late October 1979, the exiled and dying Shah was admitted into the United States for cancer treatment. In Iran there was an immediate outcry and both Khomeini and leftist groups demanding the Shah's return to Iran for trial and execution. On 4 November 1979 youthful Islamists, calling themselves Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line , invaded the embassy compound and seized its staff . Revolutionaries were reminded of how 26 years earlier the Shah had fled abroad while the Embassy-based American CIA and British intelligence organized a coup d'état to overthrow his nationalist opponent. 1 UNQ
- Against…western influence in the region – which can corrupt people from following true Islam.
- This means that a western super power has invaded! We need to get rid of this western aggression! 2 UNQs
- 1 UNQ
- First clip -documentary footage - - - - - 0809 did not work, try again in 0910 http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=1962879n trhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oybiXywbLis&feature=relatedy: Second clip – CBC footage of massacre at the airfield – and aftermath http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNfIiXHiwLc&NR=1 Gave the cause worldwide attention Team – wrestlers and weightlifters 1 UNQ
- 1 UNQ
- 6 total UNQs for this section of unit notes