This presentation is on satyam scam & was created for educational purpose.this presentation include various aspects of satyam scam such as satyam Company Profile, satyam Achievements , Overview of the satyam scam, How the satyam scam started to unravel, Modus operandi of satyam scam, Impact Of satyam Scam, Regulatory action etc.
2. Company Profile
• Satyam computer services limited was founded in 1987 by
Mr. B. Ramalinga Raju
• Satyam computers started with only 20 employees
• The company offers consulting and information
technology services to various sectors
• Satyam computers converted into public ltd co. In 1991
• Listed in Bombay stock exchange in 1991
• Listed in New York stock exchange in 2001
• Listed in EURONEXT Amsterdam stock exchange in 2008
• There were 52000 employees working in satyam in September
2008
3. Achievements
• In June 1991 satyam made 185 clients from first fortune
500 companies
• In 1994 satyam made allies with Dun & Brad Street Crop
an USA based company
• In 2000 satyam was declared one of the 100 most
pioneering technology companies by World Economic
Forum
• In 2006 satyam ranked No. 1 in the ASTD award
(American Society For Training And Development)
• On April 14, 2008, Satyam won awards from MZ
consult's for being a leader in India in corporate
governance and accountability
4. Who is B. Ramalinga Raju?
• Ramalinga Raju was born on September 16, 1954 in Andhra
Pradesh
• He founded Satyam Computers and was its Chairman until January
7, 2009 when he resigned after admitting to commits corporate
fraud
• Awards
– Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Services Award 1999.
– Dataquest IT Man of the Year Award 2000
– Asia Business Leader Award 2002
– Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year 2007 (revoked)
– Global Peacock Award for Corporate Governance 2008
(revoked )
5. Overview of the scam
• Accounting fraud of over 7800 crores rupees
• Past 7 years accounting books were cooked:
-Profits were inflated
-Understated liability and overstated debts
-Accrued interest (which was non-existent )
-The gap in the balance had risen due to inflated
profits
• Planned to buy the Maytas to fill the gap in the balance sheet
6. Responsible Parties
• Ramalinga Raju: Satyam Former Chairman
• B Rama Raju: Brother of Ramalinga Raju,
Former Managing director
• V Srinivas: Ex-chief financial officer
• S Gopalakrishnan: PriceWaterhouse Auditor
• Talluri Srinivas: PriceWaterhouse Auditor
7. Stock markets around the world collapsed
during 2008 & the BSE fell from 21,000 to
below 8,000.
The losses caused investors to withdraw
funds from the stock market.
Satyams continuance positive results during
2008 , even in the economic crisis.
In October 2008, satyam reported net income
of $132.3 million, an increase of 28 percent
from the same quarter of the previous year.
8. Saytam asserted that, despite the challenging
environment, it continued to find
opportunities for growth.
During October, one stock analyst drew
attention to large cash balances in non-
interest bearing bank accounts & expressed
concern about the large balances and the
accuracy of the numbers.
Investors ignored the analyst's and the stock
price rose with the reports of positive
earnings and revenue growth.
9. In December 2008, Board of Directors
approved the purchase of Maytas Properties
and Maytas Infrastructure, two companies
unrelated to the information technology field.
At the time, Mr. Raju and the Board
anticipated that the market would "be
delighted" by the two transactions as it would
provide Satyam with greater diversification.
However, investors were outraged over the
transactions because Mr. Raju's family held a
larger stake in Maytas Properties and Maytas
Infrastructure.
10. Shareholders viewed the transactions as an
attempt to siphon money out of Satyam into the
hands of the Raju family.
Satyam quickly aborted the transactions, but the
incident still caused significant damage to
Satyam's reputation as a well-managed company.
After the incident, satyam's shares dropped
nearly 10 percent and four of the five
independent directors resigned.
On december 30, analysts with Forrester research
advised clients to stop doing business with
satyam because of the fear of widespread fraud.
Satyam hired Merrill lynch to advise it on ways to
increase shareholder value.
11. On january 7, just hours before Mr. Raju
disclosed the fraud, Merrill lynch sent a letter
to the stock exchange indicating that it was
withdrawing from its engagement with satyam
because during the course of its
representation it found accounting
irregularities.
On January 7, 2009, Mr. Raju sent letter to
Satyam's Board of Directors admitting that he
manipulated the company's accounts for
numbers years.
12.
13.
14. Major points in letter
• On January 7, 2009, Mr. Raju disclosed in a letter to
Satyam's Board of Directors that he had been manipulating
the company's accounting numbers for years.
• Mr. Raju said the manipulation started out small, and grew
larger by the year.
• In the letter he stated, "It was like riding a tiger, not
knowing how to get off without being eaten."
• Mr. Raju stated that eventually, the stress of hiding the
fraud grew too much for him to bear.
16. Fake Accounts
• Mr.Raju overstated income in every quarter for several years to
meet analyst expectations.
• Mr. Raju created fake bank statements to advance the fraud.
• Mr. Raju created 6,000 fake salary accounts and appropriated
the money after the company deposited it.
• The global head of internal audit created fake customer
identities and generated fake invoices against their names to
inflate revenue.
• Mr. Raju diverted a large amount of cash to other firms that he
owned ,since 2004
17. Fake Balance Sheet
Annual report of SATYAM as on September 30,2008.
CURRRENT ASSETS
Particulars Amt in CR.
ACTUAL DEBT WAS
Investment 618.64 2161CR,
Current Assets , Loan & Advance OVERSTATED 490 CR.
1.Sundry Debtor 2651.36 ACTUAL CASH IN BANK
2.Cash & Bank Balance 5312.62 WAS 321, INFLATED
5040 CR.
3.Other Current Assets- Interest Accrued On 376.34
Fixed Deposits
4.Loans & Advances 502.22 NO ACCRUED
INTEREST 376.34 CR.
LIABILITIES
Particulars Amt in CR.
Current liability & provision UNDERSTATED
LIABILITY by
1.current liabilities 1669.20 1230 Cr.
18. Role Of Auditors
• Global auditing firm Price Waterhouse Coopers audited Satyam's
books from June 2000 until the discovery of the fraud
• This fraud was not committed overnight
• It was building up continuously from over years
• Satyam paid pwc twice what other firms charge for the audit.
• They ignored some of the obvious indications of scam, which
could have been caught much before it acquired the ‘massive’
status
19. Indications Of Scam
• $1.04 billion non-interest bearing deposits in balance sheet.
• According to accounting professionals, a reasonable
company would have either invested the cash or returned
the excess cash to the shareholders.
• Auditors did not verify with the banks in which satyam
claimed to have deposits.
• The fraud went on for a number of years and involved both
the manipulation of balance sheets and income statements.
• Whenever satyam needed more income to meet analyst
estimates, it simply created fictitious sources and it did so
many times without the auditors ever discovering.
20. The Maytas Acquisition
• Maytas infra and Maytas properties : firms
owned by the sons of Raju.
• A property development company founded in
2005
21. • The Raju family directly owned about one-
third of each in the two companies.
• In December 2008 satyam Planned to buy the
Maytas.
• The company management said the
Acquisition will diversify the company.
• Real Plan was to fill the gap in the balance
sheet.
22. Impact Of Scam
• Jobs of over 50000 were at risk.
• India`s global image was suffered.
• Indian stock market fell dramatically.
• Biggest single day fall of 175 Rs. On Jan 6th in saytam share.
• SEBI said that, if Saytam found guilty, its license to work in
India may be revoked.
• The New York Stock Exchange halted trading in Satyam
stock.
• India's National Stock Exchange announced removal of
Satyam from S&P CNX & Nifty 50.
• The GDP fell by 0.4%.
• I.T sector suffered a downturn.
23. Regulatory action
• New board of directors were appointed.
• Disclosure of pledged securities.
• Increased financial accounting disclosure.
• Adoption of international standards.
• Creation of new corporate code of conduct by
Ministry of Corporate Affairs.