it consist of various natural drugs having wide application as perfumes and flavors.

1. PERFUMES
AND
FLAVOURING AGENTS
by
SHINDE N.G.
Satara college of pharmacy, satara, MH,India.

2. PERFUMES-
The substance which is made from natural, synthetic
combination , employed for creating pleasant odour.
e.g. sandalwood oil
FLAVORING AGENT-
The substances which are used to give flavor to
the pharmaceutical formulations.
e.g. lemon oil , rose oil, peppermint oil

3. PEPPERMINT OIL
SYNONYM-
Oleum , Mentha piperita
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE-
The volatile oil obtained by steam distillation of fresh
flowering tops of plant Mentha piperita belongs to LABIATAE family.
GEOGRAPHICAL SOURCE-
Cultivated in Japan , ENG., Bulgaria, U.S.A.,
IND- U.P., Bihar, Jammu
CULTIVATION AND PREPARATION-
Cultivated by vegetative propagation method using cutting/suckers in fertile and well
irrigated lands. Good sunlight increase mentha production. Mentha is herb.
Laves., and flowering tops are cut down and dried in sunlight for day & oil is extracted
by steam distillation .
Mentha oil is colorless- yellowish in color, pleasant odor, pungent taste followed by
cooling sensation.

4. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
menthol(70%),
menthone,
menthyl acetate,
Terpene derivatives-cineole, camphene, limonene, zasmine, menthofurone.
USES-
Carminative,
Aromatic,
Stimulant,
Flavoring agent,
Antiseptic,
Counter irritant.

5. LEMON OIL
SYNONYM-
Oleum limonis
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE-
The volatile oil obtained from fresh peel of the ripe fruits of Citrus lemon
( RUTACEAE).
PREPARATION-
sponge method- fruit is cut & remove pulp. Peels are soaked in water , oil
glands are ruptured, ejected oil absorbed in sponge , squeezed ,separated and
filtered.
Ecuelle a piquer method- oil glands are ruptured with pins(0.5 cm long)
Oil is pale yellow liquid, pleasant/agreeable odor, bitter taste
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
2-4 % volatile oil-
Limonene Citronellol
Pinene Camphene
Citral
USES-
-Flavoring agent -perfumery

6. ORANGE OIL
SYNONYM-
Sweet orange oil
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE-
The volatile oil obtained from orange peels of the ripe fruits of Citrus sinensis
( RUTACEAE).
PREPARATION-
sponge method
Ecuelle a piquer method
Oil is orange yellow liquid, aromatic odor.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
2-4 % volatile oil-
Limonene Citronellol
Pinene Camphene
Citral
USES-
Flavoring agent
perfumery

7. SANDALWOOD OIL
SYNONYM-
Yellow sandalwood , Chandan oil
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE-
It is dried heartwood of Santalum album ( SANTALACEAE).
PREPARATION-
30 year old plant selected for collection of volatile oil. Plant is uprooted , bark is
removed from stem and root. Wood is cut into small pieces for steam
distillation.
Oil is yellowish or pale reddish viscous liquid, strong fragrance, bitter taste.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
Alfa & beta santalol(90)
Alfa & beta santalene, Alfa & beta santalic acid
Santalone
Santanone, santene

8. USES-
Treatment of dysuria
Perfumery, in cosmetics
With neem oil used as contraceptive
With double quantity of mustard oil used for treatment of pimples of nose
Cooling
Diuretic
Diaphoretic
Expectorant

9. LEMON GRASS OIL
SYNONYM-
East Indian lemon grass oil
BIOLOGICAL SOURCE-
The volatile oil obtained from leaves and aerial parts of the plant Cymbopogon
flexuosus ( GRAMINAE).
DESCRIPTION-
Oil is yellowish brown colored liquid, odor/ taste- bitter
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
Methylheptenol
Nerol
Citral
Geraniol
USES-
-Flavoring agent
-Perfumery
-Mosquito repellent