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GSM – GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR
MOBILE COMMUNICATION




    Muhammad Uzair Rasheed
              2009-CPE-03
        UCE&T BZU MULTAN
DISCUSSION TOPICS
Definition

System Architecture

Features (Basic and Advanced)

Advantages of GSM

Future – what’s next
Defnition

Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a
second generation cellular standard
developed to cater voice services and
data delivery using digital modulation
System Architecture

• Mobile Station (MS)
      Mobile Equipment (ME)
      Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
• Base Station Subsystem (BBS)
      Base Transceiver Station (BTS)
      Base Station Controller (BSC)
• Network Subsystem
      Mobile Switching Center (MSC)
      Home Location Register (HLR)
      Visitor Location Register (VLR)
      Authentication Center (AUC)
      Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
System Architecture
Mobile Station (MS)

The Mobile Station is made up of two entities:

1. Mobile Equipment (ME)

2. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
System Architecture
Mobile Station (MS) contd.

Mobile Equipment

•   Produced by many different manufacturers
•   Uniquely identified by an IMEI (International Mobile
    Equipment Identity)
•   Power level : 0.8W – 20 W
System Architecture
Mobile Station (MS) contd.

Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)

•   Smart card containing the International Mobile
    Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
•   Allows user to send and receive calls and receive other
    subscribed services
•   Protected by a password or PIN
•   Can be moved from phone to phone – contains key
    information to activate the phone
System Architecture
Base Station Subsystem (BSS)

  Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts that
  communicate across the standardized interface allowing
  operation between components made by different
  suppliers

1. Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

2. Base Station Controller (BSC)
System Architecture
Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd.

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

•   Houses the radio transceivers that define a cell
•   Speech and data transmissions from the MS are recoded
•   Requirements for BTS:
      reliability
      minimum costs
System Architecture
Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd.

Base Station Controller (BSC)

•   Manages Resources for BTS
•   Handles call set up
•   Location update
•   Handover for each MS
System Architecture
Network Subsystem

Mobile Switching Center (MSC)

• Switch speech and data connections between:
      Base Station Controllers
      Mobile Switching Centers
      GSM-networks
      Other external networks
• Heart of the network
• Three main jobs:
     1) connects calls from sender to receiver
     2) collects details of the calls made and received
     3) supervises operation of the rest of the network components
System Architecture
Network Subsystem contd.


• Home Location Registers (HLR)
     - contains administrative information of each subscriber
     - current location of the mobile
• Visitor Location Registers (VLR)
     - contains selected administrative information from the HLR
     - authenticates the user
     - tracks which customers have the phone on and ready to
       receive a call
     - periodically updates the database on which phones are
       turned on and ready to receive calls
System Architecture
Network Subsystem contd.

• Authentication Center (AUC)
     - mainly used for security
     - data storage location and functional part of the network



• Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
     - Database that is used to track handsets using the IMEI
       (International Mobile Equipment Identity)
     - Made up of three sub-classes: The White List, The Black List
       and the Gray List
System Architecture
Basic Features Provided by GSM


• Call Waiting
   - Notification of an incoming call while on the handset
• Call Hold
   - Put a caller on hold to take another call
• Call Barring
   - All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls
• Call Forwarding
   - Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user
• Multi Party Call Conferencing
   - Link multiple calls together
Advanced Features Provided by
GSM

• Calling Line ID
     - incoming telephone number displayed
• Alternate Line Service
     - one for personal calls
     - one for business calls
• Closed User Group
     - call by dialing last for numbers
• Advice of Charge
     - tally of actual costs of phone calls
• Fax & Data
     - Virtual Office / Professional Office
• Roaming
     - services and features can follow customer from market to market
Future -- UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telephone System

• Reasons for innovations
      - new service requirements
      - availability of new radio bands

• User demands
      -   seamless Internet-Intranet access
      -   wide range of available services
      -   compact, lightweight and affordable terminals
      -   simple terminal operation
      -   open, understandable pricing structures for the whole
          spectrum of available services
Advantages of GSM

•   Crisper, cleaner quieter calls
•   Security against fraud
•   International roaming capability in over 100 countries
•   Improved battery life
•   Efficient network design for less expensive system expansion
•   Efficient use of spectrum
•   Advanced features such as short messaging and caller ID
•   A wide variety of handsets and accessories
•   High stability mobile fax and data at up to 9600 baud
•   Ease of use with over the air activation, and all account information
    is held in a smart card which can be moved from handset to
    handset

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Gsm – global system for mobile communication

  • 1. GSM – GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION Muhammad Uzair Rasheed 2009-CPE-03 UCE&T BZU MULTAN
  • 2. DISCUSSION TOPICS Definition System Architecture Features (Basic and Advanced) Advantages of GSM Future – what’s next
  • 3. Defnition Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation
  • 4. System Architecture • Mobile Station (MS) Mobile Equipment (ME) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) • Base Station Subsystem (BBS) Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Base Station Controller (BSC) • Network Subsystem Mobile Switching Center (MSC) Home Location Register (HLR) Visitor Location Register (VLR) Authentication Center (AUC) Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
  • 5. System Architecture Mobile Station (MS) The Mobile Station is made up of two entities: 1. Mobile Equipment (ME) 2. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
  • 6. System Architecture Mobile Station (MS) contd. Mobile Equipment • Produced by many different manufacturers • Uniquely identified by an IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) • Power level : 0.8W – 20 W
  • 7. System Architecture Mobile Station (MS) contd. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) • Smart card containing the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) • Allows user to send and receive calls and receive other subscribed services • Protected by a password or PIN • Can be moved from phone to phone – contains key information to activate the phone
  • 8. System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Base Station Subsystem is composed of two parts that communicate across the standardized interface allowing operation between components made by different suppliers 1. Base Transceiver Station (BTS) 2. Base Station Controller (BSC)
  • 9. System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd. Base Transceiver Station (BTS) • Houses the radio transceivers that define a cell • Speech and data transmissions from the MS are recoded • Requirements for BTS: reliability minimum costs
  • 10. System Architecture Base Station Subsystem (BSS) contd. Base Station Controller (BSC) • Manages Resources for BTS • Handles call set up • Location update • Handover for each MS
  • 11. System Architecture Network Subsystem Mobile Switching Center (MSC) • Switch speech and data connections between: Base Station Controllers Mobile Switching Centers GSM-networks Other external networks • Heart of the network • Three main jobs: 1) connects calls from sender to receiver 2) collects details of the calls made and received 3) supervises operation of the rest of the network components
  • 12. System Architecture Network Subsystem contd. • Home Location Registers (HLR) - contains administrative information of each subscriber - current location of the mobile • Visitor Location Registers (VLR) - contains selected administrative information from the HLR - authenticates the user - tracks which customers have the phone on and ready to receive a call - periodically updates the database on which phones are turned on and ready to receive calls
  • 13. System Architecture Network Subsystem contd. • Authentication Center (AUC) - mainly used for security - data storage location and functional part of the network • Equipment Identity Register (EIR) - Database that is used to track handsets using the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) - Made up of three sub-classes: The White List, The Black List and the Gray List
  • 15. Basic Features Provided by GSM • Call Waiting - Notification of an incoming call while on the handset • Call Hold - Put a caller on hold to take another call • Call Barring - All calls, outgoing calls, or incoming calls • Call Forwarding - Calls can be sent to various numbers defined by the user • Multi Party Call Conferencing - Link multiple calls together
  • 16. Advanced Features Provided by GSM • Calling Line ID - incoming telephone number displayed • Alternate Line Service - one for personal calls - one for business calls • Closed User Group - call by dialing last for numbers • Advice of Charge - tally of actual costs of phone calls • Fax & Data - Virtual Office / Professional Office • Roaming - services and features can follow customer from market to market
  • 17. Future -- UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone System • Reasons for innovations - new service requirements - availability of new radio bands • User demands - seamless Internet-Intranet access - wide range of available services - compact, lightweight and affordable terminals - simple terminal operation - open, understandable pricing structures for the whole spectrum of available services
  • 18. Advantages of GSM • Crisper, cleaner quieter calls • Security against fraud • International roaming capability in over 100 countries • Improved battery life • Efficient network design for less expensive system expansion • Efficient use of spectrum • Advanced features such as short messaging and caller ID • A wide variety of handsets and accessories • High stability mobile fax and data at up to 9600 baud • Ease of use with over the air activation, and all account information is held in a smart card which can be moved from handset to handset