1. Ch. 30, sec. 1

2. Two sides face off
 2 Superpowers after WWII
 United States
 Democratic
 Allied with Western countries
 North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)
 Soviet Union
 Communist
 Allied with Eastern countries
 Warsaw Pact
 Two sides divided by “Iron
Curtain”

3. Berlin Wall  West Berlin- Democratic
 East Berlin- Communist
 Wall stopped people
fleeing from East to West
Berlin
 Resistance to
Communism
 East Germany,
Hungary, Poland,
Czechoslovakia
 Rebellion stopped by
Warsaw Pact and Soviet
troops

4. Nuclear Weapons
 Arms Race
 1949- S.U. develops nuclear weapons
 1953- both sides develop hydrogen bombs
 “balance of terror”
 Limiting Nuclear Weapons
 Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)- 1970s
 Limiting anti-ballistic missiles
 Pres. Reagan “star wars” missile defense system
 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START)- 1991

5.  1960s- Britain, France, China develop nuclear weapons
 1968- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
 Stop spread of nuclear weapons
 Détente
 Relaxation of tension during 1970s
 Ended when Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 1979

6. Cold War goes Global
 U.S. formed alliances with Britain, France, Australia,
Pakistan, Thailand, New Zealand, the Philipines,
Turkey, Iran, Japan, and South Korea
 Built many military bases around the world- encircling
the enemy
 Soviets allied with many African and Asian
governments including China
 Shooting wars in Korea and Vietnam
 U.S., Soviet Union, and China all got involved

7. Cuba
 Fidel Castro-
 Organized rebellion against corrupt Cuban dictator
 Supported Soviet Union
 Restricted Cuban freedom
 Bay of Pigs
 U.S. invasion of Cuba
 Invaders captured by Castro’s forces- trade embargo
with Cuba
 Cuban Missile Crisis- 1962
 Soviet Union sent nuclear weapons to Cuba