Olauda Equiano

1. A Kidnapped Prince: Olauda Equiano

Does this man look like a slave?

2. Olaudah Equiano was born free in an Ibo
village near the Niger River in the land now
called Nigeria. His father was a wealthy chief.

He became a slave.

He traveled around the world and he earned
money to buy his freedom.

He wrote a popular book about his life in 1790.

3.Why is this book important?

•First English language
account of slavery.

•Early example of a slave
narrative.

http://www.childrensbestbooks.com/

In Ibo language,Olaudah
Equiano means"when he speaks,
others listen."

4. Olauda Equiano was born about 1745 in Essaka, an Ibo village in the southeast of present-day Nigeria.

ttp://www.history-map.com/picture/000/Africa-North-Map-of.htm


With us the slaves do no more work
than other members of the
community, than even their master;
their food, clothing and lodging were
nearly the same as ours, except that
they were not permitted to eat with
those who were free-born.

http://atlasshrugs2000.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/slavery.jpg


One day, all our people were gone
out to their works as usual, and only
I and my dear sister were left to
mind the house. Two men and a
woman got over our walls, and in a
moment seized us both. Without
giving us time to cry out, or make
resistance, they stopped our mouths,
and ran off with us into the nearest
wood. Here they tied our hands, and
continued to carry us.

5. The kidnappers took the children to the coast of Africa where they stayed in a prison for six months.

Commercial agreement.

This is an agreement among merchants involved
in the sale and transportation of slaves
between Timbuktu in Mali and Ghadamas in Libya.

 Loaned by the Mamma Haidara
Commemorative Library, Timbuktu, Mali
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mali/images/amm0021rs.jpg

The Triangular Trade Route

http://www.decsy.org.uk/downloads/Triangular-Trade-map.gif

The Triangular Trade

New
England

Rum
Guns
Cloth
Tools

Sugar
Molasses Lumber
Fish
Flour

West
Indies West
Africa

Enslaved
Africans

http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/graphics/triangulartrade.jpg

A slave holding pen on Gorée Island, Senegal.

http://www.vagabondish.com/wp-content/uploads/portal-of-sorrow-goree-island.jpg

6. Olauda Equiano never saw his sister nor the rest of his family ever again.


Olaudah Equiano never saw the ocean nor ships before.

I no longer doubted my fate and quite a
… I looked round the ship and saw
overpowered with horror and anguish,
large furnace of copper boiling.
I fell motionless on the deck and
fainted.. people of every description
… Black
were chained together, every one of
theirasked if we were not to be eaten by
I countenances expressing
those white men with horrible looks,
dejection and sorrow.
red faces and long hair?

7. Equiano wrote about his terrible experiences on the slave ship.

“The shrieks of the women and the groans of the dying rendered the whole
a scene of horror almost inconceivable.”

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1h300b.html

http://www.si.umich.edu/CHICO/Schomburg/text/migration6Big.html.html

"I now wished for the last friend,
Death, to relieve me."

The slave ship went to the Caribbean island of Barbados.

http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/online/wallpapers/graphics/1024x768/SlaveShip1024x768.jpg

This was the first of Olaudah Equiano’s many trips across the Atlantic Ocean.

http://www.brycchancarey.com/equiano/equimap2.jpg

Slaves on the Caribbean islands worked on sugar plantations.
http://www.haiyingart.com/images/graphics/a8.jpg

8. No one bought Equiano in Barbados.
After a few weeks, slave traders sent him to Virginia Colony to do farm work.

Virginia

http://historyproject.ucdavis.edu/ic/collection/halttunen/Seventeenth_Century/Early_American_Slavery/6986.html

tobacco plants
http://www.marvistavet.com/assets/images/tobacco_plant.gif

The Travels of Olaudah Equiano, Part I: Taken into Slavery –1756


9. In 1757, a British naval lieutenant named Michael Pascal bought Olauda Equiano.
Lieutenant Pascal took him from Virginia to London.

http://viceroybooks.com.au/product_info.php?manufacturers_id=20&products_id=332&osCsid=aeffa9fce90a107000a85a041d526a0
0

England is north of here.


10. The officer changed Equiano’s name to GustavusVassa.

Gustav Vassa: became king of Sweden in 1523.
He won a war of freedom for Sweden.

http://pro.corbis.com/images/PG5279.jpg?size=67&uid=996B1FD1-AC53-4619-8FFF-AEFD7626344F

London, 1700s

http://www.adnax.com/views/viewsoflondonbridges01.htm

11. While he was Lieutenant Pascal’s slave, Olaudah Equiano has new experiences:

He lived in London and learned how to read and write in English.

He became a Christian in 1759.

http://www.newforestnpa.gov.uk/text/great_britain_and_nfnp4web1.jpg
tMargaretsChurch.jpg

A book of church records shows Olaudah Equiano’s acceptance of Christianity as a young
slave in Great Britain.

http://www.equiano.soham.org.uk/biography.htm

http://www.brycchancarey.com/equiano/biog.htm

12. As the slave of a naval officer, he trained to become a sailor.

Equiano joined his master fighting sea battles against France in the
Mediterranean and North America.
His job: carrying gun powder to the deck.

http://www.brycchancarey.com/equiano/biog.htm

The Travels of Olaudah Equiano, Part II: Slave to a Royal Naval Officer –1757-1762


13. Great Britain won the Seven Years War. (Americans called this the French and Indian War.)

After victories, British sailorswon prize money, but Lieutenant Pascal refused to
share his money with Olaudah Equiano.

Captain Pascal sold Equiano to a sea captain who brought him back to the
Caribbean islands.

14. On the island of Montserrat, a Quaker merchant from Philadelphia, Robert King,
bought Equiano.

bought Equiano.

Robert King saw that Equiano was skilled in reading and writing.
King gave him business work on his ships.

bought Equiano.

Robert King saw that Equiano was skilled in reading and writing.
King gave him business work on his ships.

Equiano had free time and was able to earn his own money.

The Travels of Olaudah Equiano, Part Slave to a Quaker Merchant –1762-1766
III:


15. Robert King promised, “If you pay me£40, I will give you your freedom.”

In 1766, Equiano earned his freedom after saving money for three years.
At that time, £40 was equal to about $4,000 in today’s money.
He was twenty-one years old.

“Before night, I who had been a slave in the morning, trembling at
the will of another, was become my own master and completely free.
I thought this was the happiest day I had ever experienced.”

16. Robert King respected Equiano. He asked him to become his business
partner.

North America was a dangerous place for Africans because men kidnapped Free
Africans and forced them to become slaves.

Equiano declined King’s offer. He decided to go back to Great Britain.

http://www.clker.com/cliparts/3/b/1/1/1207583894321393493bobocal_Shaking_Hands.svg.hi.png

17. Olauda Equiano, aka GustavasVassa, sailed back to Great Britain.

http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Winter03-04/images/cart_barber.jpg

17. Olauda Equiano, aka GustavasVassa, sailed back to Great Britain.
1. He found his old master, Lieutenant Pascal.
Equiano demanded that Pascal give him his prize money, but he was unsuccessful.

2. He got a paycheck from the Royal Navy.

3. He trained to become a hairdresser.

http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Winter03-04/images/cart_barber.jpg

18. Olaudah Equiano wanted to earn more money, so he returned to sailing.

He traveled around the Mediterranean Sea.

He joined a ship that explored the North Pole, where he escaped an attack
from a polar bear.

http://greeningwashington.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/polar-bear2.jpg

19. In 1775, Equiano returned to the Caribbean to start a plantation in Central America.

There were slaves on the plantation and he tried to help them.

The North Pole

The Travels of Olaudah Equiano, Part IV: A Free Man –1766-1797


20. Equiano became involved in
the new movement to abolish
slavery in England.

First, he became a popular
speaker.

Later, he wrote the story of his
life in a book. The book was
published in 1789.

Equiano’s book became wildly popular in England, Europe and North America.
Sales of the book made him rich.
After reading it, many readers were convinced that slavery should be stopped.

A newspaper advertisement for Equiano’s book.

21. In 1792, Equiano married an English woman, Susannah Cullen.

http://emeagwali.com/igbo/index_files/olaudah-equiano-marriage-certificate.jpg

http://www.equiano.soham.org.uk/extraordinary-equiano.htm

Actors portrayed Gustavas and Susannah in a movie made in England in 2007.

In 2007, the church put up this plaque to remember their wedding.

http://www.equiano.soham.org.uk/wedding.htm

22. The couple traveled together around
England as Equiano sold his book and made
speeches supporting the abolition of slavery.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Olaudah_Equiano_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15399.png

23. They had two daughters.
Anna Maria was born in 1792 and Joanna was born in 1795.

24. The rest of this story is sad.

Susannah, Equiano’s wife, died in 1796, after the birth of Joanna.
She was only 34 years old.

Equiano died a year later in 1797. He was about 51.

The eldest daughter, Anna Maria, died when she was four years old.

http://www.standrews-chesterton.org/vassa.htm

Joanna inherited a lot of money from her father’s earnings.

Historians think that Joanna Vassa was
raised by her mother’s family.

When she was 27, Joanna married a
preacher, Henry Bromley.
She helped him organize the Sunday
School in his church.

This is an imagined picuture of Joanna Vassa with her father, Olaudah Equiano.

http://www.breakingthechains.co.uk/news.jsp?newsID=14

http://re-photo.co.uk/?m=200710

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3616/3459494370_cd466177db.jpg?v=1240234227

Catherine Ancholou is an Associate Professor of English Literature in the
AwukuCollege of Education, Nigeria
She wrote The Igbo Roots Of Olaudah Equiano: An Anthropological Research in 1989.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1i3011.html

Nobody had any idea what happened
to those who left the shores of Africa.

…at that time, those who went beyond
Africa never came back.

Nobody could tell the story.

Nobody had any idea what happened
It was only after the colonial masters
to those who left the shores of Africa.
began to return with the freed slaves, some
of whom time, those who went beyond
…at that had received some form of
education and wereback. in as
Africa never came coming
missionaries.
Nobody could tell the story.
This was…when the stories began to
filter in.

http://www.100greatblackbritons.com/archive/eq_sc.html

25. Olaudah Equiano died in 1797…

…ten years before the slave trade was
abolished;
…forty years before the end of slavery
in the United Kingdom;
….sixty-eight years before the end of
slavery in the United States.

http://www.100greatblackbritons.com/archive/eq_sc.html

25. Olaudah Equiano died in 1797…

…ten years before the slave trade was
abolished;
…forty years before the end of slavery
in the United Kingdom;
….sixty-eight years before the end of
slavery in the United States.

26. Equiano did not live to see these events
happen, but his work helped abolish slavery.

http://www.leejacksonmaps.com/lottafri.htm

Olauda Equiano

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