SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Curric Align12-14-10

•Download as PPT, PDF•
•
East Central ISD
East Central ISD
1 of 14
Curriculum Alignment December 14, 2010
Made You Think Seinfeld Video
Why have standards? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Why do we need standards (national, state and local)?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Aligned curriculum? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rigorous ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Rigorous learning we see Rigorous teaching we see
Assessment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Taught Tested Written TEKS
Connect the TEKS vertically across grade levels. Curriculum Instruction Classroom Assessment
Learning as measured by the accountability system Meaningful learning as promoted in the TEKS
 
Using Standards to Improve Student Achievement ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
10 Minute Break

Recommended

Curriculum Alignment
Curriculum AlignmentCurriculum Alignment
Curriculum AlignmentEast Central ISD
 
Vertical Alignment Meeting
Vertical Alignment MeetingVertical Alignment Meeting
Vertical Alignment MeetingMrsSchneider
 
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignment
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignmentSteps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignment
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignmentKriza Garcia
 
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic Definitions
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic DefinitionsCurriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic Definitions
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic DefinitionsDr. Suad Alazzam
 
Basic Concept in Assessment
Basic Concept in AssessmentBasic Concept in Assessment
Basic Concept in AssessmentJarry Fuentes
 
Assessment purposes and approaches
Assessment purposes and approachesAssessment purposes and approaches
Assessment purposes and approachesFitri Fajar Nur Indahsari
 
dimensions and principles of curriculum design
dimensions and principles of curriculum designdimensions and principles of curriculum design
dimensions and principles of curriculum designgaestimos
 
Curriculum mapping
Curriculum mappingCurriculum mapping
Curriculum mappingbrandyeldridge
 

Recommended

Curriculum Alignment
Curriculum AlignmentCurriculum Alignment
Curriculum AlignmentEast Central ISD
 
Vertical Alignment Meeting
Vertical Alignment MeetingVertical Alignment Meeting
Vertical Alignment MeetingMrsSchneider
 
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignment
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignmentSteps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignment
Steps in designing curriculum and curriculum alignmentKriza Garcia
 
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic Definitions
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic DefinitionsCurriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic Definitions
Curriculum Mapping & Analysis: Basic DefinitionsDr. Suad Alazzam
 
Basic Concept in Assessment
Basic Concept in AssessmentBasic Concept in Assessment
Basic Concept in AssessmentJarry Fuentes
 
Assessment purposes and approaches
Assessment purposes and approachesAssessment purposes and approaches
Assessment purposes and approachesFitri Fajar Nur Indahsari
 
dimensions and principles of curriculum design
dimensions and principles of curriculum designdimensions and principles of curriculum design
dimensions and principles of curriculum designgaestimos
 
Curriculum mapping
Curriculum mappingCurriculum mapping
Curriculum mappingbrandyeldridge
 
Curriculum Mapping
Curriculum MappingCurriculum Mapping
Curriculum MappingBonner Foundation
 
Curriculum development
Curriculum developmentCurriculum development
Curriculum developmentchristy Ador
 
Types of Essay Items
Types of Essay ItemsTypes of Essay Items
Types of Essay ItemsJonathan Bulawan
 
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionismPerennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionismayoub babar
 
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum DesignDimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum DesignElla Uy Sergas,RN
 
Experience centered design
Experience centered designExperience centered design
Experience centered designBen Cruz
 
Models of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopmentModels of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopmentjasleenbrar03
 
Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Amina Tariq
 
Placement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessmentPlacement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessmentHadeeqaTanveer
 
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved CurriculumIntended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved CurriculumClarence Yarte
 
Philosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and CurriculumPhilosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and CurriculumRPVadhera
 
Sylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of CurriculumSylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of CurriculumTehreemSajjad3
 
integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum Iqra Shah
 
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculumintended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculumobemrosalia
 
Instructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and DevelopmentInstructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and DevelopmentKatherine Malenab
 
Formative assessment
Formative assessmentFormative assessment
Formative assessmentPhạm Phúc Khánh Minh
 
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01Mahreen Khan
 
Curriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluationCurriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluationPunam Thakur
 
Purpose of assessment
Purpose of assessmentPurpose of assessment
Purpose of assessmentcaraganalyn
 
Simple true false test
Simple true false testSimple true false test
Simple true false testShanelou Pading Ü
 
Curricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignmentCurricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignmentknplummer
 
Aligning The Curriculum
Aligning The CurriculumAligning The Curriculum
Aligning The CurriculumCharles Sturt University
 

More Related Content

What's hot

Curriculum development
Curriculum developmentCurriculum development
Curriculum developmentchristy Ador
 
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionismPerennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionismayoub babar
 
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum DesignDimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum DesignElla Uy Sergas,RN
 
Experience centered design
Experience centered designExperience centered design
Experience centered designBen Cruz
 
Models of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopmentModels of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopmentjasleenbrar03
 
Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Amina Tariq
 
Placement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessmentPlacement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessmentHadeeqaTanveer
 
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved CurriculumIntended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved CurriculumClarence Yarte
 
Philosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and CurriculumPhilosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and CurriculumRPVadhera
 
Sylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of CurriculumSylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of CurriculumTehreemSajjad3
 
integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum Iqra Shah
 
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculumintended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculumobemrosalia
 
Instructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and DevelopmentInstructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and DevelopmentKatherine Malenab
 
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01Mahreen Khan
 
Curriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluationCurriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluationPunam Thakur
 
Purpose of assessment
Purpose of assessmentPurpose of assessment
Purpose of assessmentcaraganalyn
 

What's hot (20)

Curriculum Mapping
Curriculum MappingCurriculum Mapping
Curriculum Mapping
 
Curriculum development
Curriculum developmentCurriculum development
Curriculum development
 
Types of Essay Items
Types of Essay ItemsTypes of Essay Items
Types of Essay Items
 
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionismPerennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
Perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, deconstructionism
 
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum DesignDimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
Dimensions and Principles of Curriculum Design
 
Experience centered design
Experience centered designExperience centered design
Experience centered design
 
Models of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopmentModels of curriculum dvelopment
Models of curriculum dvelopment
 
Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)Types of curriculum design (1)
Types of curriculum design (1)
 
Placement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessmentPlacement & diagnostic assessment
Placement & diagnostic assessment
 
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved CurriculumIntended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
Intended vs Implemented vs Achieved Curriculum
 
Philosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and CurriculumPhilosophy and Curriculum
Philosophy and Curriculum
 
Sylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of CurriculumSylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
Sylor- Alexandar model Of Curriculum
 
integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum integrated curriculum
integrated curriculum
 
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculumintended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
intended vs implemented vs achieved curriculum
 
Instructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and DevelopmentInstructional Planning and Development
Instructional Planning and Development
 
Formative assessment
Formative assessmentFormative assessment
Formative assessment
 
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
Tabamodel 140505014309-phpapp01
 
Curriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluationCurriculum evaluation
Curriculum evaluation
 
Purpose of assessment
Purpose of assessmentPurpose of assessment
Purpose of assessment
 
Simple true false test
Simple true false testSimple true false test
Simple true false test
 

Viewers also liked

Curricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignmentCurricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignmentknplummer
 
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroom
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary ClassroomBringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroom
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroomlewisgi
 
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domain
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domainAssessment of learning in the cognitive domain
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domainJay-R Diacamos
 
Learning needs assessment 1.pptx
Learning needs assessment 1.pptxLearning needs assessment 1.pptx
Learning needs assessment 1.pptxHeather Lagran
 
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum AlignmentOverview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum AlignmentJose Sanchez Lugo
 
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINAL
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINALLEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINAL
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINALHina Junejo FCIPD
 
Learner needs - assesments
Learner needs - assesmentsLearner needs - assesments
Learner needs - assesmentsDiane Lytle
 
Assessment in the affective domain
Assessment in the affective domainAssessment in the affective domain
Assessment in the affective domainCyra Mae Soreda
 
Portfolio assessment
Portfolio assessmentPortfolio assessment
Portfolio assessmentCarlo Magno
 
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8Eddie Abug
 

Viewers also liked (15)

Curricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignmentCurricular vertical alignment
Curricular vertical alignment
 
Aligning The Curriculum
Aligning The CurriculumAligning The Curriculum
Aligning The Curriculum
 
Alignment
AlignmentAlignment
Alignment
 
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroom
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary ClassroomBringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroom
Bringing the World into the Spanish Elementary Classroom
 
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domain
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domainAssessment of learning in the cognitive domain
Assessment of learning in the cognitive domain
 
Self-assessment
Self-assessmentSelf-assessment
Self-assessment
 
Self assessment
Self assessmentSelf assessment
Self assessment
 
Learning needs assessment 1.pptx
Learning needs assessment 1.pptxLearning needs assessment 1.pptx
Learning needs assessment 1.pptx
 
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum AlignmentOverview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
Overview Of Standards Based Curriculum Alignment
 
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINAL
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINALLEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINAL
LEARNING NEEDS ANALYSIS -FINAL
 
Learner needs - assesments
Learner needs - assesmentsLearner needs - assesments
Learner needs - assesments
 
Self Assessment
Self AssessmentSelf Assessment
Self Assessment
 
Assessment in the affective domain
Assessment in the affective domainAssessment in the affective domain
Assessment in the affective domain
 
Portfolio assessment
Portfolio assessmentPortfolio assessment
Portfolio assessment
 
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8
Assessment in the affective domain. cha.4.ed8
 

Similar to Curric Align12-14-10

Curriculum mapping intro
Curriculum mapping introCurriculum mapping intro
Curriculum mapping introMike Fisher
 
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyu
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyuDeveloping teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyu
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyuPioneer One
 
MAPS_differentiation_math_science
MAPS_differentiation_math_scienceMAPS_differentiation_math_science
MAPS_differentiation_math_sciencendressel
 
Differentiation Instruction
Differentiation InstructionDifferentiation Instruction
Differentiation InstructionLisa Stack
 
Common Core Presentation Feb2010
Common Core Presentation Feb2010Common Core Presentation Feb2010
Common Core Presentation Feb2010Ruth Romi
 
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...Marion Piper
 
Teacher performance expectations
Teacher performance expectationsTeacher performance expectations
Teacher performance expectationspeggylord
 
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0leadingcurriculum
 
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEWhat makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEDavid Drake
 
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERSModule 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERSjaninevaldezlindayag
 
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)Bruce Mims
 
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)RichardBanez
 
Our Schools Journey 2007
Our Schools Journey 2007Our Schools Journey 2007
Our Schools Journey 2007tanyathompson
 
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...Silvia Laborde
 
Elements of greatness 2010 2011
Elements of greatness 2010 2011Elements of greatness 2010 2011
Elements of greatness 2010 2011Shelly Mitchell
 

Similar to Curric Align12-14-10 (20)

Curriculum mapping intro
Curriculum mapping introCurriculum mapping intro
Curriculum mapping intro
 
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyu
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyuDeveloping teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyu
Developing teacher quality and effectiveness in new teachers for nyu
 
VT PCSD
VT PCSDVT PCSD
VT PCSD
 
MAPS_differentiation_math_science
MAPS_differentiation_math_scienceMAPS_differentiation_math_science
MAPS_differentiation_math_science
 
Differentiation Instruction
Differentiation InstructionDifferentiation Instruction
Differentiation Instruction
 
Leadership
LeadershipLeadership
Leadership
 
Common Core Presentation Feb2010
Common Core Presentation Feb2010Common Core Presentation Feb2010
Common Core Presentation Feb2010
 
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...
PowerPoint Presentation - differentiating literacy instruction to increase st...
 
Teacher performance expectations
Teacher performance expectationsTeacher performance expectations
Teacher performance expectations
 
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0
Lesssons from reform_around_the_world_0
 
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATEWhat makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
What makes an Outstanding Lesson? 2009 UPDATE
 
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERSModule 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS
Module 4_VEX_PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS
 
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)
Excell response to intervention and instruction presentation (rti2)
 
Curriculum development
Curriculum developmentCurriculum development
Curriculum development
 
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)
National competency based teacher standards (ncbts)
 
Our Schools Journey 2007
Our Schools Journey 2007Our Schools Journey 2007
Our Schools Journey 2007
 
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...
Using Tesol Standards for Personal and Professional Development Boston 2010 S...
 
Standards In Practice
Standards In PracticeStandards In Practice
Standards In Practice
 
Standards In Practice
Standards In PracticeStandards In Practice
Standards In Practice
 
Elements of greatness 2010 2011
Elements of greatness 2010 2011Elements of greatness 2010 2011
Elements of greatness 2010 2011
 

More from East Central ISD

New teacher beliefs aug 13
New teacher beliefs aug 13New teacher beliefs aug 13
New teacher beliefs aug 13East Central ISD
 
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rti
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rtiConnecting evidence based instructional practices to rti
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rtiEast Central ISD
 
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10East Central ISD
 
Balanced Leadership Framework
Balanced Leadership FrameworkBalanced Leadership Framework
Balanced Leadership FrameworkEast Central ISD
 
Ethics in School Leadership
Ethics in School LeadershipEthics in School Leadership
Ethics in School LeadershipEast Central ISD
 
Coaching for design 5.25.10
Coaching for design 5.25.10Coaching for design 5.25.10
Coaching for design 5.25.10East Central ISD
 
Design qualities of context
Design qualities of contextDesign qualities of context
Design qualities of contextEast Central ISD
 

More from East Central ISD (15)

New teacher beliefs aug 13
New teacher beliefs aug 13New teacher beliefs aug 13
New teacher beliefs aug 13
 
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rti
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rtiConnecting evidence based instructional practices to rti
Connecting evidence based instructional practices to rti
 
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10
Ethics Aspiring Leaders 9-21-10
 
Balanced Leadership Framework
Balanced Leadership FrameworkBalanced Leadership Framework
Balanced Leadership Framework
 
Ethics in School Leadership
Ethics in School LeadershipEthics in School Leadership
Ethics in School Leadership
 
Coaching for design 5.25.10
Coaching for design 5.25.10Coaching for design 5.25.10
Coaching for design 5.25.10
 
What is design
What is designWhat is design
What is design
 
Design qualities of context
Design qualities of contextDesign qualities of context
Design qualities of context
 
Who presentation
Who presentationWho presentation
Who presentation
 
Blooms taxonomy
Blooms taxonomyBlooms taxonomy
Blooms taxonomy
 
ECISD Technology
ECISD TechnologyECISD Technology
ECISD Technology
 
Rti Ecisd
Rti EcisdRti Ecisd
Rti Ecisd
 
Rti Ecisd 3 30 10
Rti Ecisd 3 30 10Rti Ecisd 3 30 10
Rti Ecisd 3 30 10
 
Learning Center Model
Learning Center ModelLearning Center Model
Learning Center Model
 
Descriptive Review
Descriptive ReviewDescriptive Review
Descriptive Review
 

Curric Align12-14-10

Editor's Notes

  1. Patti
  2. Phil
  3. Patti
  4. Patti
  5. Phil
  6. Phil
  7. Phil
  8. Phil
  9. Phil