3. Ferrous Metals
• These are metals which contain iron. They
may have small amounts of other metals or
other elements added, to give the required
properties.
• All ferrous metals are magnetic and give little
resistance to corrosion.
• They make sparks when you grind them.
• Examples are mild steel, cast iron, tool steel
and stainless steel.
4. Non-Ferrous Metals
• These are metals which do not contain any
iron.
• They are not magnetic and are usually more
resistant to corrosion than ferrous metals.
• Examples are aluminium, copper, lead, zinc
and tin.
5. Definitions of Properties
• Strength
The measure of how a material withstands a
heavy load without breaking.
• Durability
The measure of withstanding wear and tear.
• Ductility
The length that a material can be stretched
without fracturing or cracking.
6. • Malleability
The amount of hammering, pressing and
shaping a material can take without breaking.
• Lustre
The lustre of a metal is how shiny the metal is.
• Hardness
The resistance a material has denting,
scratching or wearing by abrasion.
7. Properties and Uses of Metals
Metal Picture Ferrous or
Non-Ferrous
Properties Uses
Copper
Brass
Steel
Silver
Gold
Aluminium
8. Sections & Shapes of Metal
• Metals can be purchased in many shapes and
forms from flat sheets of various thicknesses
to tubing, angle and rod of different shapes
and sizes.
9. Solid Sections
Lengths of metal are available in
many shapes or ‘sections’.
These include:
• Round Rod
• Square Rod
• Hexagonal Rod
10. Tube
Tube is available in the shapes below:
• Round
• Square
• Rectangular
Uses:
Tube has many uses. Bikes are usually made from circular
tube. Metal tables are often made from square tube. If a
table was made from solid metal, it would be very heavy
and expensive. Tables made from square or circular tube
are light and cheaper to produce because they are made
with less metal.
11. Flat Bar
Flat bar is available in
different widths and
thicknesses.
Uses
Flat Bar is used for general fabrication, making
structures and frames.
12. Angle
The most common type of Angles are
at a 90 degree angle and has two legs
of equal length.
Uses
Angles are used for various purposes in
a number of industries. Framing is one
of the most common uses for steel
angles, but steel angles are also used
for brackets, trim, reinforcements, and
many other uses.
13. Channel
Channels are strips of metal
that have been formed into
a "C" or "U" shape or
channel and are therefore
often referred to as
"C Channels" and "U Channels".
Uses
Channels are used for many applications including
building construction.
14. I Beams
I beams are strips of metal
that have been formed into
an “I” shape.
Uses
I-beams are used as major support trusses in
building, to ensure that a structure will be
physically sound.
15. Sheet Metal
• Sheet metal is metal that has been
formed into thin and flat pieces.
• Many different metals can be made
into sheet metal, such as aluminum,
brass, copper, steel, tin, nickel,
titanium, silver and gold.
• Thicknesses can vary significantly; extremely thin thicknesses are
considered foil and pieces thicker than 6 mm are considered plate.
Uses
• Sheet metal can be cut and bent into a variety of different shapes.
Sheet metal has many uses including car bodies, aeroplane wings
and roofs for buildings.
16. Wire
• Wire is usually a cylindrical and
flexible rod of metal.
• Wire is a versatile metal that is
produced in mild steel, copper,
brass, aluminium, galvanised and
stainless steel.
Uses
• Wire has many uses. It is used for making wire rope, fencing,
suspension bridges, cages and stringed musical instruments.
• It is useful in the making of wire netting and as a fasterning material
to tie pieces of metal together.
• Wire can be woven into patterns and twisted into shapes.
