1. Mexico is located in North America and is home to over 100 million people, with Spanish as the dominant language. 2. For thousands of years, various indigenous civilizations thrived in Mexico, building large cities and complex societies, until the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century who colonized the region. 3. Mexico has a diverse landscape and climate, ranging from deserts to tropical rainforests, and is a center of biodiversity, with over 200,000 different species of plants and animals. Major landmarks reflect Mexico's cultural blend of indigenous and European influences.