The document classifies various substances as elements, compounds, homogeneous mixtures, or heterogeneous mixtures. Gold is identified as an element because it is listed on the periodic table and has unique properties. Sugar and salt are identified as compounds because they are made of two or more elements. Muddy water, cereal, and green bean salad are identified as mixtures because they contain multiple distinct substances. Milk and cranberry juice are identified as homogeneous mixtures because their components are evenly distributed and not visible to the eye. Soil and granite are identified as heterogeneous mixtures because their components are unevenly distributed and visible.