Catalonia Int'l Univ. WS for 311 Earthquake Recovery on Dec.,2011

1. KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI, THE GREAT WAVE OFF KANAGAWA
COMPREHENSIVE
RECOVERY PLAN FOR
OOFUNATO
Ana Livi, John Holm,
Tommaso Sacconi, Flavia Scognamillo

2. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Resilient city
DEFINITIONS OF “RESILIENCE” THE PANARCHY MODEL
Holling's (1995) four-phase adaptive cycle
• “ Resilience determines the
persistence of relationships within The fundamental conceptual model describes in theoretical
a system and is a measure of the terms perpetual and ever-changing time periods of the flow
of events through four phases in an ecosystem.
ability of these systems to absorb
change of state….and still persist.” PHASE CAPACITY CONNECTEDNESS RESILIENCE
(Holling 1973)
α
high low high
Reorganization
• “…Resilience for social-ecological K
high high low
systems is often referred to as Conservation
related to three different r
low low high
characteristics: (a) the Exploitation
magnitude of shock that the W
low high low
Release
system can absorb and remain
within a given state; (b) the http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol9/iss1/art3/inline.html
degree to which the system is
capable of self-organization, and KEY CONCEPTS OF RESILIENCE THINKING
(c) the degree to which the • A resilient system copes well with shock
system can build capacity for • As a system's resilience declines, the size of the shock from
learning and adaptation.” which it can recover gets smaller
(Folke et al. 2002) • Resilience shifts management focus from growth and
efficiency to adaptability
• An overemphasis on growth and efficiency of a system leads
• “ The capacity of a system to to a dangerous rigidity and fragility
absorb disturbance and re- • A resilience focus is increasingly important as the magnitude
organize while undergoing of the shocks in the world get bigger and more unpredictable
change so as to still retain • Learning, flexibility, and self-organization are important to
essentially the same function, the ability to recover and thrive
structure, identity and • The aim of resilience management is to keep a system in a
feedback.” regime so it continues to deliver the desired ecosystem
(Walker et al. 2004) services and is not easily pushed into an undesirable regime
from which it can't recover
http://www.crc.uri.edu/download/CCRGuide_lowres.pdf http://shareable.net/blog/a-very-short-primer-on-resilience

3. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Resilient city
COMMUNITY VULNERABILITY
Community Vulnerability as a function of the degree COASTAL RESILIENCE CYCLE
of exposure and the capacity to address hazard risks
ROLE OF RESILIENCE IN
DETERMINING
COMMUNITY RESPONSE
TO A HAZARD EVENT
http://www.crc.uri.edu/download/CCRGuide_lowres.pdf

4. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Resilient city
INTEGRATING FRAMEWORK FOR A RESILIENT CITY ELEMENTS OF COASTAL COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF RECONSTRUCTION
ENSURING
• SOCIETY & ECONOMY: • LAND USE & • DISASTER RECOVERY:
SAFETY Communities are STRUCTURAL DESIGN: Plans are in place prior
engaged in diverse and Effective land use and to hazard events that
environmentally structural design that accelerate disaster
sustainable livelihoods complement recovery, engage
resistant to hazards. environmental, communities in the
economic, and recovery process, and
community goals and minimize negative
REBUILDING REGENERATING reduce risks from environmental, social,
LIVES INDUSTRIES hazards. and economic impacts.
http://www.crc.uri.edu/download/CCRGuide_lowres.pdf

5. 01_VISION AND OBJECTIVES _ Rebuilding Lives
Support Oofurato community
recovery and improve safety..
Economic recovery
• Port reconstruction
• City’s fish market
• Fishing boats (Loans/community
finance)
• Industry Resumption
• Business Resumption
(reconstruction of permanent,
temporary, mobile shops)
• Debris
http://www.janic.org/en/earthquake/list/activity/june/PWJReportJune.pd

6. 01_VISION AND OBJECTIVES _ Rebuilding Lives
Social recovery
• Self-organization (9 families group)
• Common areas
• Psychological and mental care
• Special attention for children
• ‘Recovery Festival’: Celebrating
Life
• Memorial (park, destruction line,…)
• Gardens
• Mobility and Transportation

7. 01_VISION AND OBJECTIVES _ Ensure Safety
Safety
• Tsunami evacuation routes
• Earthquake resistant buildings
• New settlements in high areas
• Industrial ‘special protection’
• Rebuild sea walls (protect against smaller
tsunamis)

8. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Disaster risk prevention
TSUNAMI DISASTER PREVENTION
“Effectiveness and Limitations of Vegetation Bioshield in Coast for Tsunami Disaster Mitigation”, Norio Tanaka

9. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Disaster risk prevention
POSSIBLE ADAPTATION RESPONSE TO SEA-LEVEL RISE
http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/11501IIED.pdf Near- and Onshore Tsunami Effects - Knowledge Base Generation and Model Development -
H. Oumeraci
ENHANCING RESILIENCE _Hilo, Hawaii
http://www.crc.uri.edu/download/CCRGuide_lowres.pdf

10. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Recovery planning
TYPES OF TSUNAMI DISASTER PREVENTION
THE MULTI-PREVENTIVE COMMUNITY PLANNING WILL COMBINE THESE TYPES
http://www.pref.iwate.jp/~hp0212/fukkou_net/fukkoukeikaku_english.html

11. VISION & OBJECTIVES _ Recovery planning
RECONSTRUCTION PATTERNS RECONSTRUCTION PATTERN B _Urban Rebuilding
RECONSTRUCTION PATTERN C _ Settlement
Relocation/Internal Settlement Reconstructing
http://www.pref.iwate.jp/~hp0212/fukkou_net/fukkoukeikaku_english.html

12. PROPOSAL

13. THE CONCEPT PORT
BERM
TEMPORARY HOUSE
SEMI-PERMANENT
PERMANENT HOUSE

14. BERM
TEMPORARY HOUSE
SEMI-PERMANENT
PERMANENT HOUSE

15. PROPOSAL
• Infrastructure
(wider streets)
• Bigger
elevated
blocks
• New plots,
houses
• Evacuation
routes
• Park,
memorial

16. PROPOSAL

17. PROPOSAL

18. PROPOSAL

19. PROPOSAL

20. PROPOSAL

21. PROPOSAL
OFUNATO, Japan
Incinerating tons of wood and plastic
debris from buildings destroyed by the
killer waves
Japan's central government estimates that
nearly 25 million tons of smashed concrete,
steel, wood and other detritus from
devastated coastal areas must be cleared
away and disposed of to make room for
rebuilding.

22. PROPOSAL
ASSUMPTION
RUBBLE AS A RESOURCE
WOOD_TYRE_GRIT
so WHAT?
COLLECTING
PRIVATE RESOURCE MIGHT BE
INVESTED IN ORDER TO SAVE
TIME AND INCREASE THE LOCAL
ECONOMY
WHERE?
ON_SITE
IDENTYFY SOME SUITABLE SITE,
NO LONG TRANSPORTATION
HOW?
REPROCESSED
OR, IF IS NOT POSSIBLE
DECREASE

23. PROPOSAL
WOOD _ TIRE _ GRIT
WOOD _ CHIPBOARD PANEL
TYRE _ EARTHQUAKE PROOF FOUNDATION
GRIT _ PANEL, BRIK, BERM
OTHERS* It depends on the materials. If they are not toxic could
be us for berm as well

24. Ana Livi, John Holm,
Tommaso Sacconi,
Flavia Scognamillo
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!