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SegarAnakan_EIS_011014-Reduced
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Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental factors
and proposed engineering interventions
in Kampung Laut of the Segara Anakan to raise waterlogged
fields (tana adat ‘Appeared Land’) for agriculture as proposed
by the N.G.O.
Yayasan&Sosial&Bina&Sejahtera&(YSBS)
Client: Fr. Charlie Burrows
Chairman YSBS
Jl. Kendeng No. 307 CILACAP
JAWA TENGAH - INDONESIA
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! !!!Principal)Author:)Dr!Mark!Pillsworth)
) ) ) ) Director)deveco)Pty)Ltd)
) ) ) ) mpillsworth@westnet.com.au!
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Environmental!Impact!Assessment!!!!!!YSBS!proposal!for!reclamation!areas!Segara!Anakan!Kampung!Laut!!
9!September!2014.!
21!
the fisheries outside Segara Anakan) are limited to shrimp and selected species of
fish. It should be mentioned here that the dependence of coastal fisheries on Segara
Anakan has been overstated in past reports, though it is very likely that this
dependency was greater in the past when the lagoon was several times larger. Direct
dependency of the coastal fishery on the lagoon concerns species of shrimp that use
the lagoon as a nursery area. The extent of this dependency is related to the extent to
which these lagoon dependent species use Segara Anakan as a nursery to the
exclusion of other nursery areas. That is, if Segara Anakan is the only nursery then
lagoon dependent species of shrimp would be 100 percent dependent on Segara
Anakan. On the other hand, if these same species can use other estuarine and
coastal inshore nursery areas, then dependency on the lagoon is less important.
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Now!acknowledging!that!this!situation!could!have!been!different!in!the!past,!the!
situation!as!at!2000!was!that!the!Lagoon,!and!associated!mangrove,!was!not!the!
only!nursery!area!for!coastal!prawn!fisheries,!although!it!can!be!inferred!that!
there!is!a!strong!relationship!between!mangrove!nursery!areas!in!the!mangrove!
deltas!of!the!eastern!part!of!the!Lagoon!i.e.!already!inVfilled!section!of!the!broad!
alluvial!plain!of!Citanduy,!and!coastal!fisheries!as!at!PPNC.!
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Significance(of(Mangrove(Areas(to(Fisheries(
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The!inference!that!the!Lagoon!extent!is!directly!associated!with!fisheries!has!two!
major!components!i.e.!!(i)!the!assertion!that!mangrove!associated!with!lagoon!
open!water!is!a!fundamental!factor!in!prawn!fisheries!production!through!
providing!such!nursery!areas;!and!(ii)!the!large!expanse!of!water!decreases!the!
‘effectiveness’!of!various!fishing!apparatus!(apong!–!tidal!bag!nets).!Now!the!
decrease!in!fishing!apparatus!effectiveness!is!self!evident,!but!the!mangrove!
functionality!being!enhanced!when!associated!with!an!extent!of!open!water!in!
the!lagoon!is!not!as!‘straight!forward’!as!it!was!considered!in!2000.!
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Saenger!et&al&(2012)22!summarises!the!now!current!considerations!of!the!!
functionality!of!mangroves!in!fisheries!conservation!and!management!thus:!
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The''single'habitat''approach''
&
One&further&difficulty&is&that,&until&recently,&most&attempts&to&identify&'nursery'&
habitats&have&relied&on&a&'single&habitat'&approach&,&in&which&a&single&structural&
habitat&type&is&sampled,&or&compared&with&another&single&habitat&type.&Thus,&
for&example,&mangroves,&seagrasses,&mudflats&and&creek&banks&have&been&
studied&and/or&compared&as&though&they&are&uniform&habitats&or&biotopes.&&
&
This&difficulty&with&comparisons&arises&because&investigators&have&included&
different&elements&in&their&studies.&Not&all&seagrass&beds&are&equivalent,&
mudflats&significantly&differ&in&their&sedimentological&characteristics,&and¬&
all&mangroves&provide&the&same&goods&and&services.!!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
22!P.Saenger,!D.Gartside!&!S.FungeVSmith!(Southern!Cross!University)!Review&of&mangrove&and&seagrass&
ecosystems&and&their&linkages&to&fisheries&and&fisheries&management.!FAO!Report&2012!p10.!