Spore bearing plants or sporophyte cone bearing plants or conifers natural and artificial vegetative propagation

1. SPORE BEARING
PLANTS
A plant that reproduces
by bearing spores; also
known as sporophyte.

2. 1. FERNS
a flowerless plant that
has feathery or leafy
fronds. Ferns have a
vascular system for the
transport of water and
nutrients.

4. Vascular plants

7. PARTS OF FERNS

8. rhizomes
The stem of
sporophyte ferns. It
grows horizontally
under the surface of
the ground.

10. rhizoids
are rootlike
structures that’s
absorbs water and
minerals salts from
the soil.

12. fiddleheads
Young unrolling
leaves, develop
from the stem.

14. fronds
Mature leaves that
contain sporangia,
which are found on
the underside.

16. sporangia
Are the parts
that produce
the spores.

18. spores
Are pollen-like
structures of the
nonflowering plants
that grow into
gametophyte.

22. sorus or sori
Clusters of
sporangia form
brown spots.

25. Alternation of Generations
This cycle is characterized
by alternating sporophyte,
which involves spore
formation, and
gametophyte generation,
which produces gametes.

26. gametophyte
Is a tiny plant that
grow low on the ground
and protect both sperm
and egg cells.

28. prothallus
A small heart shape
structure of
gametophyte. Which
forms the organs that
produce gametes.

30. archegonium
the female organ
which forms the
egg cells.

32. antheridium
the male organ
which holds the
sperm cells.

35. Meiosis
 is a type of cell division that
reduces the number of
chromosomes in the parent cell
by half and produces four
gamete cells. This process is
required to produce egg and
sperm cells for sexual
reproduction.

36. Fertilization
 the action or process of
fertilizing an egg, female
animal, or plant, involving
the fusion of male and
female gametes to form a
zygote.

37. 1. Spores are released.
2. Spores germinate
into gametophyte.
3. Gametophyte grows
both male and female
sex organs.

38. spore bearing plants
ferns rhizomes Rhizoids
fiddleheads fronds sporangia
Sporessorus gametophyte
Prothallus Archegonium
antheridium zygote
sporophyte

39. 4. Sperm cell swims
and reaches the egg
cell.
5. Fertilized egg grows
into sporophyte.

40. Sporophyte
It is the diploid form of
plants that have alternation
of generations. It develops
from a zygote and
produces asexual spores.

42. 2. MOSSES
Are small, soft plants
that are classified as
bryophytes or
nonvascular plants.

43. 2. MOSSES
Do not have true
roots, stems, and
leaves. They do
not produce seeds.

47. Mitosis – a type of cell
division that results in two
daughter cells each having
the same number and kind of
chromosomes as the parent
nucleus, typical of ordinary
tissue growth.

50. 1. A green moss
gametophyte
produces
archegonia and
antheridia.

52. 2. In the presence of
water, the sperm cell
from antheridia swim to
the archegonia where
fertilization occurs.
Zygote is formed.

54. 3.The zygote grows
into sporophyte
that consist of a
capsule that
develops spores.

55. 4. When the spores
matures, the
capsules open and
the winds carried
them away.

56. 5. A spores begins to
grow when it reaches a
moist place. It divides
and grows again into a
new gametophyte and
the cycle continues.

57. USES OF MOSS
1. Protects the roots
of other plants and
prevent soil erosion
caused by rushing
waters on rainy days.

58. 2. Serves also as
ornamental plants
the beautify the
garden.

59. 3. Sources of
oxygen.
4. When dry they
can also be used
as fuel.

60. 5. Used in packing live
plants for shipment
because mosses can
hold water longer. Soil
holds more water when
mixed with mosses too.

61. CONE BEARING
PLANTS
A plant that reproduces
by bearing cone; also
known as conifer.

62. FIR

64. SPRUCE

66. GINKGO

68. JUNIPER

70. YEW

72. CYPRESS

74. CEDAR

76. CONIFERS
Belong to the
group of vascular
seed plants called
gymnosperms.

77. GYMNOSPERM
A species of seed
plants that do not
commonly produce
flowers or fruits.

78. ANGIOSPERM
A flowering plants.

79. Naked seeds
Is what you called the
Gymnosperm seeds
because they are not
surrounded by fruit tissues.
Except for ginkgo and yew
that bear flowers and fruits.

80. TWO TYPES
OF CONES

81. 1. POLLEN CONE
Whose pollen or tiny
capsules contain the
sperm cell.(the male
gametophyte)

83. 2. SEED CONE
Which contains
seed. (the female
gametophyte)

86. SAPLING
Young conifer.

87. VEGETATIVE PLANT
PROPAGATION

88. PLANT PROPAGATION
Is a method of increasing
the number of plants of
the same kind while
retaining their desirable
characteristics.

89. VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION
A form of asexual
reproduction of
plants.

90. NATURAL
VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION

91. PLANTS GROW
FROM STEMS
Ex. Runners, tubers,
bulbs, corms, and
rhizomes.

92. 1. RUNNERS or STOLONS
Stems that grow
horizontally along
the surface of the
soil.

93. strawberry

94. hydrilla

95. Bermuda grass

96. 2. TUBERS
Is an enlarged
underground stem.

97. cassava

98. potatoes

99. dahlia

101. 3. BULBS
Consist of short
underground
stems.

102. Apical bud
Located at the
center of bulb which
grows upward at the
peak and produce
leaves and flowers.

103. Lateral bud
Grows at the sides
and produces new
shoots or young
outgrowths.

104. onion bulb

105. tulips

107. garlic

109. lily

110. 4. CORMS
Or bulbo-tubers are
short swollen
underground plant
stems that serve as
storage organs.

111. taro

112. Purple yam

113. Gladiolus

114. 5. RHIZOMES
Is a thickened stem or
branch of a plant that
grows horizontally
underground.
Also called as creeping
rootstalks.

115. ginger

116. asparagus

117. Cogon grass

118. Lawn grasses

119. PLANTS GROW
FROM LEAVES
The plant’s leaf
cutting or crown.

120. 1. LEAF CUTTINGS
Cutting the
leaves into
sections, each
with a main vein.

121. AFRICAN VIOLET

122. GLOXINIAS

123. BEGONIAS

124. KATAKATAKA

125. 2. CROWN
The upper leafy
part of a
pineapple plant.

127. PLANTS GROW
FROM ROOTS

128. 1. ROOT TUBERS AND
CUTTINGS
The upper portion
of the root is cut
flat and planted
into the soil.

129. CARROTS

130. RADISHES

131. TURNIPS

132. WEEPING WILLOW

133. GLORY BOWER

134. LILAC

135. ANGEL’S TRUMPET

136. 2. SHOOTS
Or suckers are
underground parts of
the stem that come
out from the roots.

137. BANANA

138. BAMBOO

139. ARTIFICIAL
VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION

140. 1. cutting
is a process where
a stem , leaf or root
cutting is taken from
plant.

141. CUTTING

142. Fortune plant

143. santan

144. ROSE

145. SUGARCANE

146. CASSAVA

147. 2. LAYERING
A technique to grow new
plants by developing new
roots on a stem that is
still attached to the parent
plant.

148. TYPES OF
LAYERING

150. A. SIMPLE LAYERING
Is the process
where a flexible
branch of a plant
bends to the ground.

152. MAYANA

153. OREGANO

154. PEANUTS

155. STRAWBERRY

156. B. COMPOUND LAYERING
Is the process done
when the branch is bent,
covering two or more
parts of it with soil to
develop new roots.

158. C. AIR LAYERING
Is the process by
which a stem is slit
and enclosed with
moist moss.

160. APPLE

161. PEAR

162. ORANGE

163. MANGO

164. 3. GRAFTING
A twig from a
plant is joined to
another plant of
the same kind.

165. Grafting

166. scion
Is a good stem
from a chosen
variety that is cut
from the first plant.

167. stock
A branch of a plant
where the scion is
inserted into a slit
maid in the said
branch.

169. cambiums
Growing layers of
each stem

170. ROSE

171. MANGO

172. SANTOL

173. GUAVA

174. Pointers to review in Science
Spore bearing plants
Cone bearing plants
Vegetative
propagation