The start of Philippine Nationalism and the Propaganda Movement

1. NATIONALISM
AND THE
PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT

2. NATIONALISM
 Patriotism to an excessive
degree
 Aspirations for national
independence in a country under
foreign domination.
 Love of country and willingness
to sacrifice for it

3. NATIONALISM
Problem is…
• the elites identified
themselves more with the
Spaniards, and later with the
Americans than with their
countrymen

4. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM
Education

 Ilustrados: Filipinos who are learned
/ enlightened by education
 Jesuit-run schools
 Ateneo Municipal
 Escuela Normal de Maestros

5. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM
Economics
 Opening of the country to World
Trade in 1834
 Seaports: Sual (Pangasinan)
Iloilo and Zamboanga 1855
Cebu (1860)
Legaspi and Leyte (1873)

6. BIRTH OF NATIONALISM
SECULARIZATION MOVEMENT
 Feb. 1872
 Secular priests were appointed as the
administrators of new parishes

7. SECULARIZATION
This movement
demanded the handling
REGULAR CLERGY over the parishes from
Spanish Friars
the regular clergy
(Dominicans,
Parishes Parishes Parishes Franciscans, Recollects
etc. who were Spanish
friars), to secular
SECULAR
PRIESTS
SECULAR
PRIESTS
SECULAR
PRIESTS
priests, most of whom
Filipino Priests Filipino Priests Filipino Priests
were Filipinos.

8. Cavite
Mutiny
Started when Filipinos
working in Cavite
were heavily taxed.
Led by Ferdinand La
Madrid

9. The three secular
priests were
implicated in the
Cavite Mutiny. They
were ordered by
Governor-General
Rafael Izquierdo to
be executed.

10. a. Jose Burgos (35) – Spaniard
born in the Philippines, parish
priest of the Manila Cathedral.
Friend of Paciano Rizal
b. Jacinto Zamora (36) – Spaniard
born in the Philippines and a
parish priest of Marikina, played
cards
c. Mariano Gomez (73) – parish
priest of Bacoor, Cavite, Chinese
half-breed

11. They were executed in
Bagumbayan (Luneta)
through Garrote.

12. Paciano Rizal
witnessed the
event and
mentioned it
to his brother
Jose.

13. THE
PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
1872 to 1892

14. AIMS OF THE PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT
They called for the assimilation of the
Philippines as a province of Spain
>so that the same laws will be applied in
the Philippines
>the inhabitants of the Philippines will
experience the same civil liberties and
rights as that of a Spanish citizen

15. 1. It aimed for legal equality
A between Spaniards and
Filipinos
I 2. Philippine representation
in the Spanish Cortes
M (parliament)
3. Free speech and
association
S 4. And an end to the annual
obligation of forced labor

16. How?
Through
Writings

17. Graciano Lopez
Jaena
who left the
Philippines for Spain
in 1880 after
publishing a satirical
novel, Fray Botod
(Father Fatso)

18. In1889 he started the
newspaper,
La Solidaridad (Solidarity),
that circulated both in Spain
and the Philippines and was
the medium of the
Propaganda Movement.

19. Marcelo del Pilar
who was active in
the anti-friar
movement.
He fled to Spain in
1888 and became
Editor of La
Solidaridad.

20. Jose Rizal
His more popular works
were his two novels Noli
Me Tangere (Touch Me
Not) and
El Filibusterismo
(The Subversive)
published in 1886 and
1891

22. The novels portrayed the
authoritarian and abusive
character of Spanish rule in
the colony .
Despite their ban, the books
were smuggled into the
Philippines and widely read.

23. But then, the
PROPAGANDA
MOVEMENT WAS
A FAILURE.

24. Why did the Propaganda Movement fail?
1. The Spanish government did not agree to
any of its demands.
2. The friars were busy collecting money and
making themselves rich
3. Many of the members wanted true change
but were cautious of their wealth.
4. There was a quarrel between Rizal and
Del Pilar
5. No strong leader aside from Rizal

25. Rizal came home and on
July 3, 1892 he established the
LA LIGA FILIPINA
3 days later,
July 6, 1892,
Rizal was arrested on
orders of G.G.
Despujol and exiled
on July 7 to
DAPITAN,
Zamboanga.

26. THE LA LIGA FILIPINA
WAS ANOTHER FAILURE
