1. K E M A , I N C .
Modern Energy Management Systems
Georgia Tech
Atlanta, Georgia
Wednesday, November 12, 2003
John McDonald, P.E.
KEMA, Inc.
Substation Integration and Automation –
Approaches and Best Practices

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Overview – Approaches and Best
Practices
n System Architecture
v Substation Integration and Automation Levels
v Primary and Secondary Substations
v Architecture Functional Data Paths
v New Versus Existing Substations
n Communication Protocols
v IED Standalone Capabilities
v IED Integration Capabilities
n Utility Case Study
v Functional Architecture
v Vendor Installed Architecture
v Equipment Photographs

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Intelligent Electronic Device (IED)
n Any device incorporating one or more processors with
the capability to receive or send data/control from or
to an external source (e.g., electronic multifunction
meters, digital relays, controllers)

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Substation Integration and Automation
Levels
Power System Equipment
(Transformers, Breakers)
IED Implementation
IED Integration
Substation Automation Applications
Utility Enterprise

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Substation Integration
n Integration of protection, control and data acquisition
functions into a minimal number of platforms to
reduce capital and operating costs, reduce panel and
control room space, and eliminate redundant
equipment and databases
IED Integration
Substation Automation
Utility Enterprise

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Substation Automation
n Deployment of substation and feeder operating
functions and applications ranging from SCADA and
alarm processing to integrated volt/VAR control in
order to optimize the management of capital assets
and enhance operation and maintenance (O&M)
efficiencies with minimal human intervention
Substation Automation
IED Integration
Utility Enterprise

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DAC
Server
IM
Corporate WAN
Substation
Integration
System
IED
(legacy)
SCADA
RTU
IED
(RP-3599
compliant)
Time Sync
Source
IM
IM
IM
User Applications
Corporate
Data
Repository
Bridge/Router/ Gateway/
Comms Processor
Local Substation LAN
IED
(legacy)
IED
(RP-3599
compliant)IED
IED IED
Communications Link
(radio, dedicated line, etc)
IM IM
IM
EMS
Local/Remote
Individual IEDs
Local UI &
Applications
Dial-Up Link
(modem)
Local/Remote location, eg, on feeders,
or at Remote Customer Substations
Comms
Comms
(direct link)
IM = Interface Module
= Other possible configurations (migration and future)
= Station environment
Example of
“Primary”
Substation
and
“Secondary”
Substation
Secondary
Substation
Primary
Substation

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Primary Substation Automation System

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Secondary Substation Automation System

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Architecture Functional Data Paths
Utility Enterprise Connection
SCADADatatoMCC Historical Data to Data
Warehouse
Remote Dial-In to IED
Substation Automation Applications
IED Integration Via Data Concentrator/Substation Host Processor
IED Implementation
Power System Equipment (Transformers, Breakers)

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TelCo SystemTelCo SystemLAN/WANLAN/WAN
Web Pages with:Web Pages with:
ooRealReal--time valuestime values
ooRelay settingsRelay settings
ooFault recordsFault records
DFR recordsDFR records
Custom filesCustom files
Fault/OscillographyFault/Oscillography
data filesdata files
Web BrowserWeb Browser
RealReal--timetime
SCADASCADA
RealReal--timetime
data & controlsdata & controls
44--wire lease linewire lease lineFrame relayFrame relay
ORACLE RdBORACLE RdB
Web serverWeb server
DNP3.0DNP3.0
All WANAll WAN
communications arecommunications are
via secure TCP/IPvia secure TCP/IP
RelaysRelays
MB+MB+RouterRouter
RTURTU
RealReal--time SCADAtime SCADA
data and controlsdata and controls
(any IED’s data)(any IED’s data)
Fault records, summariesFault records, summaries
and waveform data fromand waveform data from
relays (and settings)relays (and settings)
Web pages with AppletWeb pages with Applet
and Servlet (Java)and Servlet (Java)
software for updatessoftware for updates

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New Versus Existing Substations
n New Substations
v IEDs With Digital Communications
v PLCs for Direct I/O
v No Conventional RTUs
n Existing Substations
v May Integrate IEDs With Existing RTUs (Not
Support Non-Operational and Remote Access
Data Paths)
v Integrate Existing RTU as IED or Eliminate
Existing RTU and Use IEDs and PLCs for RTU
I/O

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Protocol Fundamentals
n Communication Protocol
v Allows Two Devices to Talk to Each Other
v Each Device Must Have the Same Protocol
Implemented, and the Same Version of the
Protocol
n Both Devices From Same Supplier, and Protocol
n Both Devices From Same Supplier, with Industry
Standard Protocol
n Devices From Different Suppliers, with Industry
Standard Protocol

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Protocol Considerations
n North American Electric Utilities Specify the
IEDs to be Used in a Substation
v Chosen Based on IED’s Standalone
Capabilities (Relay for Protection of Power
System) and Not IED’s Integration Capabilities
v IEDs From Various Vendors (Will Not Accept
Turnkey Approach From One Vendor With All
IEDs From that Vendor)

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Protocol Considerations…(continued)
n Once IEDs Specified by Utility Based on
Standalone Capabilities, Then Consider Each
IED’s Integration Capabilities
v IED Protocol Support
• Modbus, Modbus Plus, DNP3
• UCA2 MMS
• May Lose Some IED Functionality When Choose Other
Than IED’s Native Protocol
v IED Networking Support
• RS-232 and RS-485 (Serial)
• Ethernet

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IEC TC57 Harmonization with UCA2
7-2
7-3
7-4 Compatible data objects
Data Templates for Substations
Abstract Communication
Service Interface (ACSI)
Mapping to MMS8-1
Common Application
Service Model (CASM)
Standard Data Types and
Common Components
Common Class Definitions
GOMSFE
Device Models
Device Models
Device Models
UCA2
61850-x-y
x - y

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North American Projects
• Omaha Public Power District (OPPD) – Two
Substations and One Training Simulator
• MidAmerican Energy Company (Iowa) – Two
Substations and One Training Simulator
• Los Angeles Department of Water and Power – 179
Substations, Two Development Systems, One
Training Simulator Over Five Years
• EPCOR Utilities (Edmonton) – Two Substations
• Minnesota Power – Strategic Plan
• Potomac Electric Power Company (PEPCO) – all
4kV, 13kV, 69kV and 230kV Substations
• Frankfort Electric and Water Plant Board (Kentucky)
– Sixteen Substations and One SCADA System With
Two Dispatch Centers

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Omaha Public Power District (OPPD)
• EPRI Tailored Collaboration (TC) Project
• Two Substations, One Training Simulator
• Require all IEDs with UCA Capability to be
Integrated Using UCA2 MMS Protocol and Ethernet
Networking
• Discovered that IEDs Thought to Have UCA
Capability Did Not (Beckwith M2002B LTC Control)
• Discovered that IEDs Achieve UCA Capability By
Adding a Separate Box (Rather Than Integrating Into
IED) (RFL 9745 Teleprotection)
• Integrators Not Need SEL 2030 Communication
Processor – Integrate SEL Relays Directly
• One Substation System and Training Simulator
System Being Installed

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OPPD Simplified SA Functional Sketch

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Simplified OPPD SA System