The document discusses different ways of assessing students, including portfolio assessment and self-assessment. It describes assessment as a way to provide feedback on learning. On-going formative assessment is done regularly to track student progress, while overall summative assessment checks achievement of goals periodically. Portfolio assessment involves collecting, reflecting on, documenting, and linking student work samples over time. The document also suggests that young learners can assess their own language development through simple tools like diagrams, questionnaires, and diaries.