3 Dec 2013 Protecting military platforms CDE themed competition presentations

A&P STC CDE Competition
Protecting Military Platforms
3 December 2013

04 December 2013
© Crown copyright 2013 Dstl

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Agenda
• Introductions
• Future Force 2020
• Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2
• Protecting military platforms challenge 3
• Administration

Future Force 2020:
Adaptable, Modular and Cost Effective

04 December 2013

The Future
...the land force must maintain a credible, and
demonstrable, persistent capacity to defeat adaptive,
hybrid adversaries…[who] can cause devastating
damage through the innovative use of low-cost
weapons, effectively neutralising the benefits of
advanced weaponry…force protection will continue to
be about the identification, analysis and management of
risk in order to enable, rather than constrain, freedom of
action.

04 December 2013

Cost
• Cost first, as it drives everything else…
• Modify existing platforms
• Use on various vehicles, not a single one

04 December 2013

Future conflicts
• COIN
• MCO
• Something else?
• We think more urban…
• We are only sure that we don’t know…

04 December 2013

Threats
• Threat profiles can change very quickly…
• What we know now…
• Similar, but somewhere else…
• Conventional forces…
• …or all at the same time in some form or another
• Defeated conventional forces tend to turn insurgent

04 December 2013

Deployment profile
• Start off needing light vehicles
• Situation develops such that heavy protection is
needed
• But…it is appreciated that vehicles cannot be
protected that much if the start point is too low…
• …but what can be achieved?

04 December 2013

Environments
• Where will we be?
• More urban population – easy to move (top attack
risk)
• But…not all cities are developed…insurgents will run
to the country if we secure the cities…

04 December 2013

Logistics
• Movement on and off the vehicle – we do not want a
huge logistic load, mounted or otherwise
• Size is an issue as much as weight – fly heavy/ fly
light options
• Logistic Lift:
• Need to be able to shift armour packs from A to B –
how makes all the difference

04 December 2013

Practicalities
• Needs to be adaptable – threat, environment –
applique!
• Scalable protection to meet appropriate level of risk
• Operated under situations of considerable stress
• Needs to be simple

04 December 2013

Armour & Protection Science & Technology Centre

CDE Themed Competition Dec 2013
Challenges 1 & 2


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CDE themed competition
• Some background
– The areas we cover

• The need for research and development
• Topics for future development
• The CDE themed competition


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The areas we cover
• Exhaustive list:
– Dismounted Close Combat
– Mounted Close Combat
– Logistic Platforms
– Military Bases
– Battlefield Aircraft
– Littoral Platforms
– Maritime……….. (Challenge 3)

04 December 2013

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The need for R&D
• Changes within UK Armed Forces
– Maj. Chris Cameron

• Uncertainty regarding the nature of future conflict
• Smaller, lighter, cheaper (and lower power consumption)
• All the –ities !!
– Adaptability
– Modularity
– Reliability
– Commonality
– Upgradeability
04 December 2013

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Background
• Armour & Protection is only one contributor to

Integrated Survivability
• All the “onion layers” of survivability contribute
Don’t be there
Don’t be seen
Don’t be targeted
Don’t be hit
Don’t be penetrated
Mitigate damage
Photo: Copyright B J James
04 December 2013

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Other contributors to survivability
• The best armour in the world will not protect you
if you do not have it !!!
• Armour needs to be (all the –ables!):
– Affordable
– Purchasable
– Reliable
– Maintainable
– Replaceable
– Transportable
– Recyclable
04 December 2013

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So what do we need to do?
• Enable deployment of armour & protection that is
– Easier
– Cheaper
– Faster
– More effective
– More agile
– More re-usable
– Cheaper to dispose of
– Cheaper to transport
– Cheaper to own

• Better across all the Defence Lines of Development
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Defence Lines of Development
• DLODs
– Training

A major driver
across all DLODs
is

– Equipment
– Personnel
– Information

COST

– Doctrine & Concepts
– Organisation
– Infrastructure
– Logistics (ie Sustainability)

TEPID OIL
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COST – What is it?
• Manufacturing cost
• Purchase price
• Cost of security
• Cost of use
• Cost of maintenance, repair, inspection (to ensure
integrity)
• Cost of replacement (damaged armour)
– Not necessarily equivalent to original purchase price

• Cost of disposal
• What is the performance benefit vs. cost burden?
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Generic Armour Mounting Systems
• Allows adaptability
– We do not know what we will need in the future
– Train light - fight heavy

• Allows modularity
–
–
–
–

Different protection for different areas
Additive protection
Mix of protection technologies
Transfer of modules across platform / platforms
• Intramodularity, Intermodularity

• Enables commercial competition
• Enhances survivability
• Reduces cost of ownership
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CVR(T)
Designed 1967
In Service 1970
Enhanced 2011

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Generic Armour Mounting System
• Existing appliqué armour
– Slow response time to a rapidly changing threat
– Bespoke to each platform
– Time consuming to fit and maintenance access restricted

• Requirements
– An ability to rapidly upgrade protection on a range of
platforms in the field
– Modularity (ie layering of protection)
– Minimal impact on maintenance access

• Solution: simple, standardised fixings which enable
rapid fitting and removal of appliqué armour
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Observations from current platforms
• The problems………
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Lack of mounting points results in complex solutions
Modification of the platform takes time
Complexity and time taken to fit appliqué is an issue
Routine maintenance and repairs take longer
Lack of commonality between platforms
Bar armour fits require a varied range of brackets etc.
Different variants of the same vehicle and tolerances

• Progress has been made
– Commonality between Titan and Trojan
– Bulldog solution is indicative of the way forward
– Commonality between CRARRV, Warrior and Bulldog

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Titan & Trojan
Mounting Commonality

TROJAN

TITAN

TITAN
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WARRIOR

Bulldog,
Warrior &
CRARRV

BULLDOG

CRARRV

True Commonality

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Bulldog

Addition of mounting
bosses to the hull and the
use of an adaptor plate
provide ‘upgradeability’
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• Challenge 1: Modular armour
– Design and analysis of the performance of mounting systems for armour
and protection modules, optimised for rapid reconfiguration

• Challenge 2: Armour technology
–
–
–
–

Active or dynamic technologies
Sacrificial systems
Modelling and simulation techniques and methods
Electro-magnetic fields and high density electrical charge storage

• Challenge 3: Maritime armour
– Low cost, lightweight ballistic & spall protection for maritime platforms

04 December 2013

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• Particular aspects of challenge 1:
– Generic Mounting Systems will need to be compatible with the
Generic Vehicle Architecture and its specific conditions
– Exploitation pathway
• CDE projects for phase 1 – standard CDE T&Cs apply
• Potential for phase 2 projects with DE&S (TDP), terms
negotiated as appropriate with DE&S Integrated Project
Team

04 December 2013

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Agenda
• Introductions
• Future Force 2020
• Protecting military platforms challenges 1 & 2
• Protecting military platforms challenge 3
• Administration

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Armour and Protection Science and Technology Centre

Challenge 3 – Maritime

04 December 2013

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Maritime domain
• Warships require ballistic protection
– Counter terrorism, counter piracy, etc

• Maritime-specific requirements
– Unlikely to need modular fits
• Installed at build to meet threat specification

– Must have low flammability and toxicity
– Marinised (eg corrosion-resistance)
– Different mass efficiency requirements,
based on managing the ship stability
margins

04 December 2013

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Maritime domain
• Maritime-specific requirements (contd)
– Ideally provide multi-functional requirement
• eg ballistic protection and passive fire
insulation or protection

– Much larger areas than in land platforms

Type 45 – 153m long

– Particularly interested in low-cost options
– Will only protect High Value Compartments
(HVC), not the entire platform
– Will be internal to the ship’s structure
• Potential for increasing efficiencies using the
ship’s structure, spacing and stand-off

04 December 2013

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Warrior– 6.5 long

Vessel structure

04 December 2013

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Challenge 3 – Maritime
• Demonstrate proof of principle
• Protection against ballistic threats
– Armour-piercing rounds and fragments

• Can use the ship’s structure as part of the
protection scheme
• Low cost options
– Armour manufacture and materials
– Integration onto the platform
• Complex surfaces, stiffeners, service runs,
cabling, etc

• Evolution of current technologies from the land
domain
– Still innovative and relevant to maritime requirements
04 December 2013

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Summary
• Protection against armour piercing rounds and fragments
• Innovative low-cost and weight-efficient protection ideas sought
– Low-cost materials
– Low-cost installation

• Can be evolution of land-based solution if meet maritime needs
• Structure can be used
– Defeat threat at internal bulkhead as opposed to shell plate
– Solutions still welcome at shell plate for certain applications

• Modularity not high priority
– Integrated into ship at build

• Promising solutions will be assessed further as part of core
research
04 December 2013

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Administration (1)
• Technical enquiries to: aandpstcenquiries@dstl.gov.uk
• General enquiries to: cde@dstl.gov.uk
• Proposals for funding must be submitted by 17:00 hrs on
23 January 2014 using the Centre for Defence
Enterprise Portal
• Mark all proposals for this themed competition with
“Protecting Military Platforms + challenge 1, 2 or 3”
as a prefix in the title

Administration (2)
• Webinar – 12 December 2013
• Competition close - 23 January 2014 17:00 hrs
• Contract placement initiated and feedback provided March 2014
• All CDE projects to be completed by March 31 2015

Administration (3)
• There is no cap on the value of proposals, but it is more
likely that at this stage a larger number of lower value
proposals (eg £30k—£80k) will be funded
• £810k is available for challenges 1 & 2
• £360k is available for challenge 3
• Proposals meeting the criteria set out in challenges 1-3
from consortia or groups of contractors are welcome

3 Dec 2013 Protecting military platforms CDE themed competition presentations

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