Cara Menggugurkan Kandungan Dengan Cepat Selesai Dalam 24 Jam Secara Alami Bu...
ย
Health Literacy through Clear Communication, TX HIV/AIDS Conference
1. 5/23/2010
Improving Health Literacy
through
Clear Communication
___________________
Manisha H. Maskay, Ph.D.
Kim Whatley, B.A.
17th TEXAS HIV/STD CONFERENCE
May 25, 2010
Health Literacy:
The degree to which individuals have the
capacity to obtain, process and understand
basic health information and services
needed to make appropriate health
decisions.
- Healthy People 2010
Health Literacy impacts
-Health Promotion
-Health Protection
-Disease Prevention
-Health Care and Health Maintenance
-Navigation
Literacy and Health in America, ETS 2004
1
2. 5/23/2010
Challenges โฆ
โข 93 million or 47 % of U.S. adults perform at
the lowest level of literacy (NALS 2003)
โข 19 % of US adults had skills at the lowest
level of the Health Activity Literacy Scale
(HALS 2003)
- Approx ยฝ of those 65 + scored at the lowest levels
Challenges contd โฆ
โข Health care relies heavily on the written
and spoken word to communicate
information.
โข Health care consumers must โread to doโ.
โข Health materials are written at reading
grade levels that far exceed the average
reading skills of high school graduates.
โข Health professionals do not use language
which is easy to understand.
Source:
Health Literacy - A Prescription to End Confusion, Institute of Medicine, 2004
2
3. 5/23/2010
Effective Communication
โ a tool to improve health literacy
Audience
Receipt Message
Delivery Messenger
Enhance Communication!
Explain Context
Categorize
Illustrate and Demonstrate
Show Empathy
- Be respectful
- Address embarrassment
- Invite interaction
- Promote self efficacy
- Pay attention
- Slow down
Enhance Communication!
Use plain language - fancy words do not help
- logical order
- clear
- active voice
- everyday language/common words
- short words/short sentences
- explain hard words
- no jargon
Stay focused and on message
- key points
- begin and end with most important
3
4. 5/23/2010
Message and communication effectiveness:
โข Message
- Client focused?
- Relevance?
- Accuracy ?
- Clarity?
- Client feedback?
Message & communication effectiveness:
โข Written
- Accuracy
- R d bilit
Readability
- Organization
- Appearance
print โ font size, color
background โ color, white space
- Suitability for audience
Message & communication effectiveness
โข Verbal
- Accuracy
- Clarity
- Organization
- Suitability for audience
- Credibility of person delivering message
- Delivery
4
5. 5/23/2010
Subject to interpretation?
- Practice safe sex
- Use protection
- Avoid drugs
- Know your status
Subject to interpretation?
- Practice safe sex
- Use protection
- Avoid drugs
- Know your status
Subject to interpretation?
- Practice safe sex
- Use protection
- Avoid drugs
- Know your status
5
6. 5/23/2010
Subject to interpretation?
- Practice safe sex
- Use protection
- Avoid drugs
- Know your status
Subject to interpretation?
- Drink plenty of water
- Eat a low sodium diet
- Eat plenty of fiber
- Get plenty of exercise
Subject to interpretation?
- Drink plenty of water
- Eat a low sodium diet
- Eat plenty of fiber
- Get plenty of exercise
6
7. 5/23/2010
Subject to interpretation?
- Drink plenty of water
- Eat a low sodium diet
- Eat plenty of fiber
- Get plenty of exercise
Subject to interpretation?
- Drink plenty of water
- Eat a low sodium diet
- Eat plenty of fiber
- Get plenty of exercise
Subject to interpretation?
- Apply locally
- It may have adverse effects
- Take on an empty stomach
- Take as needed
7
8. 5/23/2010
Subject to interpretation?
- Apply locally
- It may have adverse effects
- Take on an empty stomach
- Take as needed
Subject to interpretation?
- Apply locally
- It may have adverse effects
- Take on an empty stomach
- Take as needed
Subject to interpretation?
- Apply locally
- It may have adverse effects
- Take on an empty stomach
- Take as needed
8
9. 5/23/2010
Why do we care?
โฆ Health Literacy is essential to the
prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS!
Personsย Livingย withย HIV/AIDSย inย Texas
Total 63,109 100ย %
Status HIV 26,827 43ย ย %
AIDS 36,191 57ย %
Gender Maleย 49,224 78ย %
Female 13,795 22ย %
Race/ White 22,405 36ย %
Ethnicity Black 23,986 38ย %
Hispanic 15,906 25ย %
AsianโPacificย islander 531 โฆ
Americanย Indianย โAlaskanย Native
American Indian Alaskan Nati e 105 โฆ
Multiโracial/Notย Specified 87 โฆ
Age Underย 2 24 โฆ
2โ12 242 โฆ
13โ24 2,787 4ย %
25โ44 31,960 51ย %
45+ 28,007 45ย %
Modeย ofย MSM 33,914 54ย %
Transmission IDU 9,631 15ย %
MSM/IDU. 4,516 7ย %
Heterosexual 14,066 22ย %
Perinatal/Other 530/363 1ย %
Adapted from: Texas Dept of State Health Services 2010 TX Integrated Epidemiologic Profile for HIV/AIDS Prevention
and Services Planning, April 2010.
Tailor messages to specific needs:
Assess whether messages
- Resonate with, engage, and meet the needs of your
audience?
di ?
- Communicate key information?
- Achieve the desired effect?
- improved understanding and knowledge
- change in attitude
- change in behavior
9
10. 5/23/2010
Tailor your message . . .
Tailor your message . . .
Tailor your message . . .
10
11. 5/23/2010
Tailor your message . . .
We must improve health literacy to enable
our community
- to understand,
- to learn, and
learn
- to do
โฆwhat is necessary to be healthy and safe!
Understanding is a two-way street โฆ
Eleanor Roosevelt
11
12. 5/23/2010
Lets all try harder to communicate
more effectively โฆ
Thank you for your time today!
Helpful Resources:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Marketing and
Communications Strategy Branch. (2009). What We Know
About Health Literacy. www.cdc.gov/healthmarketing/
resources.htm Accessed April 12, 2010.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Literacy for
C f Di C l dP i H l h Li f
Public Health Professionals Course.
www2a.cdc.gov/TCEOnline/registration/detailpage.asp?res_id=
2074 Accessed April 12, 2010.
Doak CC, Doak LG, Root JH. Teaching Patients with Low
Literacy Skills. 2nd Edition. 1996.
www.hsph.harvard.edu/healthliteracy/resources/doak-
book/index.html Accessed May 23, 2010.
Helpful Resources (contd):
Institute of Medicine. (2004). Health Literacy: A Prescription to
End Confusion. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Kutner, M., Greenberg, E., Jin,Y., and Paulsen, C. (2006). The
Health Literacy of Americaโs Adults: Results From the 2003
National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NCES 2006โ483). U S
N ti lA t f Ad lt Lit 2006 483) U.S.
Department of Education. Washington, DC: National Center for
Education Statistics.
National Cancer Institute. (2008). Making Health Communication
Programs Work. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services.
www.cancer.gov/pinkbook Accessed May 23, 2010.
12
13. 5/23/2010
Helpful Resources (contd):
National Cancer Institute. (1994; revised 2003). Clear & Simple:
Developing Effective Print Materials for Low-Literate Readers.
U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. 1994; revised 2003
www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/oc/clear-and-simple Accessed May
23, 2010.
23 2010
Rudd RE, Kirsch I, Yamamoto K. Literacy and Health in
America. ETS Policy Report #19. Princeton NJ: Educational
Testing Services. 2004.
www.ets.org/Media/Research/pdf/PICHEATH.pdf Accessed
May 23, 2010.
Multimedia
American Medical Association. Health Literacy Educational Kit
2007.
13