Dent5603 research focus
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Presentation for DENT5603 students introducing them to basic search skills and the specialist databases they can use to expand their research.
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Dent5603 research focus
- 1. Introduction to UWA OneSearch Library Hierarchy of Evidence & Dentistry databases Introduction to UWA OneSearch Library Hierarchy of Evidence & Dentistry databases Lucia Ravi, Librarians Medical & Dental Library Lucia Ravi, Librarians Medical & Dental Library
- 2. Outcomes Students will be able to: • Locate, access and manage information through the UWA OneSearch Library catalogue; • Understand the Hierarchy of Evidence and have some tools to assist you in appraising different levels of evidence; • Locate expert help guides in dentistry and to assist in finding evidence based resources and methodologies • Search a range of specialist medical databases • Select resources and filter for different levels of medical evidence to identify high quality peer-reviewed literature • Develop an effective search strategy • Track article citations
- 4. Library Services and Expert Guides
- 5. QuickLinks: Expert Help Guides
- 6. A closer look at OneSearch… Step 1: Sign in Signing in provides you with more content, it is easier to access our licensed content and you can utilise the full functionality of OneSearch including a personal e-Shelf and ‘My Library Account’
- 7. Activity • Go to the library home page • Find Medical Expert Guides/Dentistry • Login to OneSearch
- 8. Managing your loans in “My Library Account” This is where you can see what you currently have on loan, any items you have requested and other information about your borrowings.
- 9. Viewing your My Favourites This is a permanent personal area where you can save individual items, save your search queries and view current loans (Find “Save Query” at bottom of limits)
- 10. Step 2: Conduct your search Use the Advanced Search Box for more control over your search strategy.
- 11. Step 3: Refine your search Use limits in the LH column to refine your search
- 12. Step 4: Access information Click on the pin to select and place an item on your favourites Database platform options
- 13. Step 4: Access information Provided by UWA DOSS Dentistry Database on the EBSCO platform
- 14. Step 5: Follow good leads
- 15. Step 6: Organise sources
- 16. Activity • Construct a search of two dental concepts of interest to you • Use some of the limits available to further refine your search results . • Check the details tab and then save a few of the ones that look relevant to you into your My Favourites • Save a query into your My Favourites • Jump out to a database platforms
- 17. Hierarchy of Evidence A key concept for your literature review.
- 18. The purpose of a literature review is to identify the existing body of research that has addressed a problem and clarify the gaps in knowledge that require further research. 1 The term levels of evidence refers to what degree that information can be trusted. 1 1 Buckingham JB Greenhalgh T. Searching the literature. In: Greenhalgh T. How to read a paper: the basics of evidence-based medicine.5th ed. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2014. Levels of Evidence
- 19. The Hierarchy of Evidence Decision support systems
- 20. Hierarchy of Single Studies Randomised controlled trials
- 21. A new proposed evidence-based medicine pyramid M Hassan Murad et al. Evid Based Med doi:10.1136/ebmed- 2016-110401 ©2016 by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
- 22. Key Players: Australia JBI Connect Produce systematic reviews and best practice guidelines. http://joannabriggs.org/research/critical-appraisal-tools.html
- 24. Key Players: International Cochrane Collaboration Systematic Reviews and RCT’s
- 25. Evidence-based guidelines & summaries • Developed by synthesising the highest level of evidence available on treatment choices • Guidelines provide recommendations supported by that evidence • May take into account resources and practices relevant to the organisation • Concise and clinically relevant
- 26. Where do I find evidence? • PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase • Cochrane/JBI • DOSS – Dentistry • TRIP/OvidMD • BMJ Best Practice • ClinicalKey • UpToDate • ETG Complete See: Resources for Answering Clinical Questions
- 27. Guidelines and Protocols Resources that aim to provide an overview of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of a specific conditions to be readily used by clinicians. • Some claim to be evidence based (look for references) • Some are editorial based (professional backgrounds) Guidelines: suggest current best practice but encourage further investigation by practioners of range of evidence given. Protocols: Generally promoted as the core treatment method. Sometimes listed as Point of Care resource.
- 32. Activity • In groups of 4, go to one of the four resources for Evidence Based Guidelines and look up “Gingivitis” • Go the Resources for Answering Clinical Questions, UWA Resources Tab • BMJ Best Practice • ETG Complete • UptoDate • ClinicalKey
- 34. Dentistry and Medical Databases
- 35. Dentistry and Medical Databases
- 36. Dentistry and Medical Databases IN
- 37. Searching strategy basics Example research question •Does brushing with fluoride toothpaste pose a risk to very young children?
- 38. concept 1 concept 2 concept 3 Key concepts brushing with fluoride toothpaste Risk of young children Keywords Synonyms Also related terms and variant spellings Does brushing with fluoride toothpaste pose a risk to very young children? Search string strategy:
- 39. concept 1 concept 2 concept 3 Key concepts brushing with fluoride toothpaste Risk of young children Keywords Fluoride toothpaste Risk/s children Synonyms Also related terms and variant spellings Teeth brushing Danger/s Toddlers Babies Does brushing with fluoride toothpaste pose a risk to very young children? Search string strategy:
- 40. Boolean search techniques • Use AND to combine concepts (toothpaste AND fluoride) • Decreases number of results • Use OR to combine synonyms (child OR toddler) • Increases number of results • Use NOT for subsets eg. (fluoride NOT Austral*) • Truncation – usually the * will truncate words to their root • eg. Australi* will find australia, australian, etc • Quotation marks – used for searching a phrase eg “tooth disease” • Question mark – often used as a wildcard symbol, eg. behavio?r • Brackets (nesting) – used to join synonyms (tooth OR teeth)
- 41. concept 1 concept 2 concept 3 Key concepts brushing with fluoride toothpaste Risk of young children Keywords Fluoride toothpaste Risk/s children Synonyms Also related terms and variant spellings Teeth brushing Danger/s Toddlers Babies Does brushing with fluoride toothpaste pose a risk to very young children? Search string strategy: “fluoride toothpaste” AND (child* OR toddler*) AND (risk OR danger*)
- 42. Activity • Break down the research question you have been given • Identify the key concepts • Identify synonyms • Build a search string applying booleans • AND, OR, “##”, (###), ?, *
- 43. Medline or PubMed? • See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/factsheets/dif_med_pub.html for a summary of the differences. PubMed is free, larger, and has greater currency. • MedLine are all those items that have been selected for inclusion and indexed using MeSH terms. Greater control over search strategy in the Ovid interface.
- 44. PubMed search
- 45. Medline search Build up your search concepts one at a time to make full use of MeSH terms and how you construct your search. Set up a Workspace login to save queries and items
- 46. Activity 1. Do an advanced search in Embase or Medline URL: http://ovidsp.ovid.com Username: uwatrain Password: training
- 47. 1. Find Article 2. Search references in original article 3. Search articles that cite original article 4. Search references listed in the citing article forwards backwards Citation searching
- 48. Citation searching in Web of Science & Scopus
- 49. Homework • Search for your chosen reference from Activity 1 in either WoS or Scopus • Has it been cited – how many times? • What can you find out about the research community? • Organise your Research • Set up a personal workspace in Ovid • Save items to a project folder (will send to Endnote) • Save a one of your searches in your workspace
- 50. Be selective There is plenty of quality information available Evaluate and be critical Develop criteria for inclusion and discard the rubbish
- 51. For Further Assistance medref-lib@uwa.edu.au (08) 6457 7570 Please book an appointment for longer queries. Haleh Rajabi Lucia RaviKaren Jones
Notas do Editor
- Welcome. My name is.. And this is.. This first hour will be spent given a very general introduction the UWA Library catalogue… Can I just have a quick show of hands who is new to the University? Who has completed their undergraduate degree here and feels they are already familiar with library services? Great.. Looks like there will be enough people to provide any help to those that are new….and hopefully we will provide some new information to those who have been here for a while. For those of you who are new here, I should mention that the Medical and Dental Library has been closed until September 2017, due to the refurbishment project. Although the building will be closed, alternative arrangements are in place to access collections and services. You can borrow items from the third Floor of the Barry J Marshall Library or offsite storage. Also you can find us and access to High Demand Collection at the EDFAA library.
- OneSearch is where you can access all the UWA information resources. As name implies.. It is the one place you can find all of the information resources we purchase and subscribe to on your behalf. It includes all ……book & journal titles, (print or online), often will search down to the article level within journals and across a large number of specialist databases. Also the place you will find any essential readings in our system called CMO.
- So it’s really important that you can find it.. Let’s all go there now… From the menu item on the UWA home page you will find a link to the library home page. Can I have a show of hands who has been here before? Possibly go to this page and point out a few of the services of specific interest… Ability to book a group study room in any of our six libraries Opening hours and computer availability to help you decide which library to study in Quick links to other important services and information for you..(we will be looking at Expert Help Guides soon)
- The Expert Guides can be particularly useful if you are new to UWA and/or unsure of how to find resources specifically for Dentistry. Go onto live site and demonstrate, going to Dentistry Lib Guide
- This page shows the Advanced search box in OneSearch (you can see that there are different tabs for CMO ?? and Exam papers) This Advanced search page allows you to build a fuller search joining your key concepts with AND or OR. You can also see across the top some of the links to other collections, services or information. It is really important to get into the habit of signing in to OneSearch, this will provide you with fuller access to more full text articles and collections. You can see the sign in option from the “home page” and from this Advanced search screen that we got to from the home page. Notice at the moment it says “Guest” this means you are not logged in. You can still save things but they won’t be there for you when you come back again.
- When you click on the OneSearch login you will get this choice of login options? Which one should you choose? The login is your pheme.. That is your student number and pheme password. Can you please go to the UWA Library home page for me now.. And login now for me? First have a go at finding the Expert Guides, then come back and sign into OneSearch for me. Both of us walking around the room to assist if necessary.
- Now that you are signed in you can see that your name will appear besides the e-shelf area. Clicking on e-shelf opens up this personal area organised into 3 tabs: (go to live demonstration) You have the eShelf itself which is where you can save individual items of interest to you. You can see you can organise them into folders as well much like a windows environment. There is also an option for pushing them to Endnote which we will use. The queries tab is where you can save specific searches you have constructed that work well for your topic. The My Library shows books you currently have on loan and a history.
- Working from the advanced search box, you can begin to construct your search by thinking of your key search concepts and joining them together with AND - this will make sure you return results that relate to both concepts. I have used the inverted commas here to increase the likelihood of returning results that list both words together. We will be going through search strategies and the use of the AND or OR operator in more detail shortly.
- OneSearch offers a number of ways you can subsequently refine or filter your search results. Here we have reduced our initial search from almost 2000 to 200 results by refining by “dental plaque” as a subject category and limiting to more recent publications from 2008 onwards. Have a go now at undertaking a search in the Advance box and then refining your topic.. Haleh and I will walk around and assist you.
- You can sometimes get a lot of information about an article from it’s summary abstract. Sometimes these are also pulled into OneSearch and available under the details tab – this will help you to decide if the article is relevant to your research. If the article is available online you should see a “View Online” tab and from here you can jump out to the database platform that has this article. Note in this instance it is available from 2 different database platforms – just choose one. Also note that the first example has a blank star and the second is coloured in. This is how you get an item record onto your OneSearch eShelf – just click on it with your mouse cursor to colour it in and you will then find it on your shelf.
- Here is the article located on the Ebsco Host Database Platform within the Dentistry and Oral Sciences database. You can see that you are logged in as a UWA user. You can see the subject index terms used in this database, indicating further ways you can search this particular database on dentistry topics. You can also see where you can get access to the full text of the article. All database platforms will be slightly different and it is just a matter of getting use to navigating your way around it. Demonstrate LIVE finding a query search you have saved and ask them to save their search (show down the bottom of the limits)
- The Citations button enables you to quickly find articles that the author has cited in writing their article – commonly known as references (but not complete - only one result in this instance). The Cited by button – continues to explore for each of the referenced articles identified – any further citation links. NOTE: Not complete.. Databases such as Scopus and Web of Science do this better. to quickly find articles that have cited this article.
- Remember, as you find resources of importance to your research area you can save them in your eShelf so that you are ready to send them out to Endnote and then further manage them as you begin to write up your assignment. You could also save to your eShelf specific readings organised for you by your unit coordinator which you may find within your unit code within the CMO tab. Homework.. To add more content to your eShelf.. So we can push these out to Endnote in our Tuesday session.
- Your turn.. Construct a search of two dental concepts of interest to you… use some of the limits available to further refine your search results. See if you can save some of these - the ones that look relevant to you - into your eShelf.. Demonstrate LIVE finding a query search you have saved and ask them to save their search (show down the bottom of the limits) Also check you are comfortable jumping out to database platforms.. If the first one does not work try the second.. Look for the tell tail signs you are in a UWA provided resource and can access thee full text.
- There is so much medical literature published you need to know how it is organised and the quickest way to find the information you need. In Medical research it is particularly important to you are familiar with notions of evidenced based practice – that you base your practice decisions on the most up to date and high quality research on the population focus group you are working with in order to determine the best treatment. Click link to OneSearch record of this eBook (will need Pheme credentials to read it), also shows the Multiple Versions feature. Show contents and discuss briefly use of ebook platforms and of bookshelf. Look at contents.. Focus particularly on break down of how to assess different papers that evaluate particular studies and in particular systematic reviews and guidelines. Ask if students are familiar systematic reviews and Evidence based guidelines (hands up) and then to discuss some of the differences between them? Ask for feedback on these? Greenhalgh, Trisha. 2014. How to read a paper: the basics of evidence-based medicine. BMJ Books: Hoboken.)
- “The term ‘level of evidence’ refers to what degree that information can be trusted based on study design”. (Greenhalgh 2014) As you can see from this pyramid the higher the corroboration of different types of evidence, the higher it is on the hierarchy. You will come across many different forms of the hierarchy as it is continually being contested and evolving – so you will have to get used to interpreting it at a critical level. This is the pyramid at its most basic level.. With single studies being considered the least reliable, moving to systematic reviews that undertake a robust review of studies undertaken on specific interventions, through to evidence based guidelines.. (however need to question if these latter do belong at the top of the hierarchy – in trying to provide an overview of current best practice of a condition as a whole) We don’t have access to decision support systems at this time. They are systems that directly link to patient records. Do have a EBM Lib Guide that provides links to the resources we offer to support EBM.
- The bottom layer of the main hierarchy – single studies – has its own hierarchy depending on the original type of study performed. This is where – if you are doing your own literature search or systematic review of treatment/disease research for a specific cohort – you would need to critically assess the research/studies/case focus for their research vigour and relevance to your area of health and cohort. For single studies RCT are considered the most robust and unbiased and they are often the focus on systematic reviews.
- Here is a new revised pyramid, (Developed by Dr Murad and his team at the Evidence Based Practice Centre, Mayo Clinic in Rochester USA.) to take into account the need to think critically about the design and development of individual studies – replacing a straight line with a wavy one to indicate that some research lower down the hierarchy may actually be better if designed better than RCTs. The separation of systematic reviews from the pyramid emphasises that they themselves are a filter through which evidence is viewed and also subject to critical review in their overall design and development The proposed new evidence-based medicine pyramid. (A) The traditional pyramid. (B) Revising the pyramid: (1) lines separating the study designs become wavy (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation), (2) systematic reviews are ‘chopped off’ the pyramid. (C) The revised pyramid: systematic reviews are a lens through which evidence is viewed (applied).
- One consideration in the evaluation of evidence is who has produced it and how good their methodology is. One of the key highly reputed players in Australia is The Joanna Briggs Institute who collaborate with Australian and international research institutes to produce systematic reviews and from these best practice guidelines available through their library JBI Connect. They also produce methodology guides and software to support critical appraisal. This link is a good one for quick checklists on how to appraise different types of studies as well as systematic reviews.
- Middle level: Systematic Reviews. Systematic reviews analyse and appraise primary studies on the same question. This is a simplified version of the process. (There are UWA as a well as a number of resources for this) The final report will include their search strategies, keywords, subject headings. It is good to look at this to enhance your own learning. Finding a systematic review on a topic can save you a lot of time. A well structured systematic review will include the databases searched, search strategies used and a detailed analysis of studies included in the review – their quality and strengths.
- One of the most robust and trusted producers of systematic reviews is Cochrane Collaboration. The Cochrane Reviews (like JBI) also work in collaboration with International research bodies to produce systematic reviews and have a number of specialist resource databases such as their SR Database and database of Randomised control trials. Like JBI they also produce and collate methodology reviews and critical appraisal of research tools which have been collated into a number of Handbooks. This link is a good one for quick checklists on how to appraise different types of studies as well as systematic reviews.
- The top levels This section of the literature will become important later in your course when you begin clinical practice. Can you trust the synthesis of the evidence that has been completed – who has been involved in it, how recent? Is it comprehensive and based on appraised high level studies and systematic reviews or in providing a comprehensive overview of current best practice is it compromised. http://ebm.bmj.com/content/21/4/121.full Pyramids are Guides not rules: the evolution of the evidence pyramid.
- These are the key databases where you can find studies and systematic reviews on dentistry related topics. See our guide for access to them: Resources for Answering Clinical Questions: http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/ACQresources?hs=a Go to this site and And Dentistry – EBM tab http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/c.php?g=324873&p=2177834 We will be looking at some of these in more detail in the upcoming workshop. Take a bit of stretch and break now or have a look at the websites of the Joanna Briggs Institute or Cochrane Collaboration or our LibGuide link here.
- Guidelines and Protocols come in a range of different forms - there are some database products we provide that specialise in providing these such as BMJ Best Practice and UptoDate.. Some claim to be based on a comprehensive analysis of the evidence and demonstrate this, some are put together by expert panels linked to medical associations and their evidence may be more selective. Sometimes they are highly structured database resources such as the BMJ Best Practice and UptoDate, sometimes they are found within larger databases that collate a range of information from single studies through to systematic reviews and guideline summaries. Sometimes they are referred to as Guidelines, sometimes as protocols and sometimes as First Consults. They often include information produced for patients to understand their condition.
- For instance BMJ Best Practice provides a highly structured organisation of summary information related to a specific condition.
- Here is an example of UpToDate’s Guidelines page on Cleft Palates – similarly it summarises under key headings such as etiology, diagnosis and management. Most guideline summaries should have a references tab, where you can critically consider the sources used.
- Many of the specialist Clinical Practice guideline resources are organised around key topics or areas of medical practice but can aslo manage simple searches of a specific condition.
- Then you have resources such as Clinical Key that search across a broader spectrum of guideline sources and also pull in from a wider range of other sources resources… in this search for instance there are 9 guidelines and a 3 first consults found but also a large number of citations pulled in from Medline as well as bookchapters, images and other full text articles. Note that you can also filter by article type to hone in on these, you would certainly be interested in focussing in on systematic reviews for instance on your research topic. Go to live demonstration, show a number of the Systematic Reviews are coming from Cochrane.. and being indexed within Medline but that it is also bringing in systematic reviews from a wide range of other organisation.. Medline is one of the largest and databases collating medical information from a wide range of sources and indexing it with specialist medical terms which is why the second part of this workshop will focus on it. However back to our purpose.. To look at Guidelines and in this case First Consults (closely aligned to protocols). Clinical Key has identified 9 guidelines related to our topic in some way.. Of these you will notice they are coming from a range of specialist journals and professional organisations. First one looks very on topic and when you go into a guideline you will notice similarly to other guidelines the structuring and organisation of summary information about the condition. The First Consult in particular appears to be like a more traditional guideline.. Covering epidemiology, screening, prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Under resources you will find the summary of evidence used to inform this guideline. ??Follow lead from Cranofacial Journal, takes to Pubmed (associated with Medline) and out to journal site where payment option given.. What do you do if faced with this? Go back to OneSearch.
- Spend some time investigating one and then share in your group? Q: How well does it provide an overview of the topics associated with diagnosis, prevention and treatment etc of this condition? Q: How easy is it to investigate the reference sources or evidence used to develop these summaries, do they appear reliable? Record one of the references of interest to you? (all look at one area, such as Management or treatment approach) Q: How might you use these guidelines to support your own research? Any observation on the use of a resources such as Clinical Key rather than others?
- As indicated by this Online Evidence based resources list (in ACQ)– different resources have different strengths in terms of the types of resources they bring together and how broad they are. One of the broadest databases for collating of medical research and journal articles is Medline/PubMed (you may have found much of the information bringing you back to these). With it’s origins in the US National Library of Medicine is has a strong US focus. Embase is also very broad in its scope of biomedical research literature but it has a greater emphasis on European locations. This is why any systematic review must consider these two databases as primary sources. Both MEDLINE and EMBASE are provided here at UWA through the OVID database platform. We selected this platform because of the very controlled way it allows us to build a search strategy using highly developed medical indexing terms…. And so this is what we will be trialling today. Other more specialist databases exist such as Cochrane and JBI Connect (from the Joanna Briggs institute) – as we saw these focus on systematic reviews and guidelines developed through their research collaborations using specific methodologies they have developed.
- Databases such as TRIP and OvidMD are interesting because of the way they help you to visualise the level of evidence of results returned (example of TRIP and OvidMD). Then you have more limited but specialist databases such as CINAHAL focussed on Community and Allied Health, AUSTHealth focused on Australian research bodies and DOSS the specialist Dental database (these can be linked to from the Dentistry Libguide). Medline and Pubmed do give you more capacity to do this. Can you save and export some results to and Endnote Library? Can you add the access date and a label for the level of evidence?
- Databases such as TRIP and OvidMD are interesting because of the way they help you to visualise the level of evidence of results returned (example of TRIP and OvidMD). Then you have more limited but specialist databases such as CINAHAL focussed on Community and Allied Health (not as relevant to Dentistry), AUSTHealth focused on Australian research bodies and DOSS the specialist Dental and Oral Science database (this can be linked to from the Dentistry Libguide). ?
- A broad database such as Medline or EMBASE – that has a well defined and developed list of medical terms that can be searched at a granular level and into which items have been indexed can be a lot more powerful and exact in returning results on the specific conditions, treatments etc that you are searching for. For this reason we are going to look at the skills required to develop effective search strategies that break down your search question and how you can apply them within a database such as Medline and powerful interface such as OVID.
- Moving on from what was covered in the lecture we will work out a search strategy for this example question then search Medline/PubMed,
- Going back to basics, it is always important – especially when trying to research a very specific medical intervention – to spend time thinking about and breaking down your research question to develop research terms and parameters (or limits). This requires you to first break down your research question into the core distinct concepts and then thinking about related terms or synonyms that might be used in different databases or turn up as keywords or free text searches.. What are some other terms we could use for this research question? Work with the students to create a search strategies for this topic for use in Medline or Pubmed, ToothpasteAND fluoride risk AND young children risk Brushingchildren OR risk factors Teeth caretoddlers OR “fluoride toothpaste” AND (child* OR toddler*) AND risk
- Work with the students to create a search strategies for this topic for use in Medline or Pubmed, DOSS and ToothpasteAND fluoride risk AND young children risk Brushingchildren OR risk factors Teeth caretoddlers OR “fluoride toothpaste” AND (child* OR toddler*) AND risk
- Boolean search techniques – such as truncation, phrase searching, nesting – can increase accuracy of search results
- Work with the students to create a search strategies for this topic for use in Medline or Pubmed, You don’t need to necessarily try all of the search terms you have developed. Can sometimes be better to start with less but have a bank of possible terms to try. ToothpasteAND fluoride risk AND young children risk Brushingchildren OR risk factors Teeth caretoddlers OR “fluoride toothpaste” AND (child* OR toddler*) AND risk
- Medline (1960) represents a much more highly selected range of medical journals as selected by the US National Library of Medicine which have been catalogued using MeSH – Medical subject headings. PubMed (1996) as well as Medline contains in process and ahead of print citations, out of scope articles (from within Medline journals), some full-text OA journals, Book citations from NCBI As such you will get more results in Pubmed but unlikely to be as relevant to biomedical science as those just in MedLine. Pubmed is easier to search. MeSH – a thirteen level hierarchy of medical terms (27,883 descriptors + 87,000 entry terms) Medical Subject Terms Includes Supplementary Concept Records (SRC)– contain specific examples of chemicals, diseases and drug protocols. HM – Heading map field, used to identify the most specific descriptor class (SRC’s are related to descriptors in the HM) Perhaps change image to Venn diagram. . (you might have used a different one in the past) which is much simpler to use.
- Use the advanced search. Box 1 – fluoride toothpaste*, box 2 – risk. Use the filters on the left (will need to show additional filters). Select Languages, Ages and Article Types. When they appear on the left of the screen, click Customize or custom range to select the right ones. Select Systematic Reviews from Article type, from ages select Infant: birth-23 months and Preschool Child: 2-5 years. Deselect all others. Once they are displayed on the left, you then need to select them again (when they turn blue) for the limit to be applied. Additional filters in the same category are OR (broaden the search), using a different category are AND (narrow the search = less results).
- Explain what they are looking at: * Building up of subject terms ..mp symbol for key word searchng In indexing or mapping the terms to subjects came up with flurosis – discovered as a specific MeSH indexing term used to describe impacts of too much fluoride in children’s teeth. Can add these in as separate terms and then I have the capacity to decide how to join them together and fluidity with choices – especially if I log in.. Search six brings concept 1 “fluoride toothpaste and risk factors” together Search 7 combines this with items specifically indexed with the subject term flurosis Search 9 brings together this specific topic with more general terms of toothbrushing and toothpastes.. At each try you should be looking over your results to see if they are matching your search interests or deviating from them. Search 10 brings together additional limits to search 9 – age groups and to review articles only. Go through and demonstrate this search in Medline.. Search strategy (turn off map term to subject heading): #1: fluoride toothpaste* , #2 risk* , #3 1 AND 2 #4 3 limited to birth to 23 months & 2-5yrs (in additional limits) #5 4 limited to systematic reviews (under publication type) Use the reference list of the systematic review to locate single studies. Demonstrate identification of reviews. The login details can be found belowURL: http://ovidsp.ovid.com/username: uwatrainpassword: training
- Go live and do an advanced search in Embase. We are using the OVID platform. Usually you would connect to Embase via ObeSearch but today as a training group we will use the training log in URL. (c-cbl OR ccbl OR cbl protein) AND (Flt3 OR Flt3 protein OR cd135 antigen) AND (acute myeloid leukemia OR AML OR acute myeloblastic leukemia)
- How you can use citations to expand your search
- Article: Dental fluorosis decline after changes to supplement and toothpaste regimens DOSS, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar all have citation searching capability. Web of Science and Scopus tend to have the best coverage, however. Note that you will probably get slightly different results in each of these databases as they only give results for the journals they index.
- Use your checklist to discard articles that don’t meet the criteria. Where is the checklist…