Presentation by Stephen Carlton from the NoWAL Copyright event "An introduction to copyright and digitisation", hosted at the University of Liverpool on September 7th 2016.

2. Open access,
copyright and
Creative Commons

5. • Open access – what is it?
• Open access and copyright
• Creative Commons licences

6. What is open access?
¯_(ツ)_/¯
“Open access means peer-reviewed academic
research work that is free to read online and
that anybody may redistribute and reuse, with
some restrictions”
Open access and the humanities by Martin Eve

7. Motivations
• OA as a grassroots researcher led movement
intended to:
– Increase and widen access to research
– Stimulate collaboration
– Take advantage of technological developments
• OA as a top-down funder/government led
initiative intended to:
- Get better value for money from research
spending
- Provide access for businesses and stimulate
innovation

8. How do you make your work openly
accessible?
There are two routes to open access:
GOLD GREEN

9. Gold open access
• Available immediately upon publication
• Available at the source of publication (usually the
journal website)
• No charge at point of access for users
• Typically paid for with APCs (article processing
charges) though there are other business models
• Typically made available under a Creative Commons
licence

11. Article processing charges
• Fees charged to authors by journals to recover the
costs of publication
• Average price around £1800 but can vary between
£200 and £4000+ per article

12. Green open access (or self-archiving)
• Subject to journal enforced embargo periods
• Available from a secondary source, such as a subject
or institutional repository
• Author accepted manuscript rather than formatted
publisher version - deposited by authors themselves
• Check rchive.it for journals’ Green OA policies

15. Where does copyright come in?
• Copyright belongs to the authors of a research
article**
• When publishing in a traditional subscription
model journal, authors often transfer the
copyright to the publisher
• Fair dealing applies to the publication but any
other activities must receive permission from
the copyright holder (aka the publisher)

16. Copyright transfer agreement

18. Gold open access
• Available immediately upon publication
• Available at the source of publication (usually the
journal website)
• No charge at point of access for users
• Typically paid for with APCs (article processing
charges) though there are other business models
• Typically made available under a Creative Commons
licence

19. Creative Commons
CC-BY: lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon
your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you
for the original creation. This is the most accommodating
of licences offered.
CC-BY-SA: lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your
work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit
you and license their new creations under the identical
terms. All new works based on yours will carry the same
licence, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use.

20. Creative Commons
CC-BY-NC: allows for redistribution, commercial and non-
commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and
in whole, with credit to you.
CC-BY-NC-SA: lets others remix, tweak, and build upon
your work non-commercially, as long as they credit you
and license their new creations under the identical terms.
CC-BY-NC-ND: only allows others to download your works
and share them with others as long as they credit you,
but they can’t change them in any way or use them
commercially (the most restrictive)

21. CC licences in OA policies
• RCUK and Wellcome Trust’s open access
policies require the use of a CC-BY licence
where their money has been used to pay a
Gold open access fee
• The University of Liverpool’s institutional open
access fund has the same requirement

22. Creative Commons licences
• Allow researchers to take back control of their
work, enabling them to modify the copyright
terms to best suit their needs (or their
funder’s needs)
• CC licences make activities like translation and
text mining much easier (no need to ask
permission from every copyright holder)

23. Questions about CC licences
• What about third party content?
• What about plagiarism? Can people just steal
my work and pass it off as their own?
• How is peer review affected?
• Do Creative Commons licences replace
standard copyright?

24. CC-licenced resources
Creative Commons search: images, music, video
Flickr: images
Google Images: images
Jorum: open educational resources (retiring at
the end of September)

25. Credits
All background images by Stephen Carlton,
available under a CC0 licence. Do whatever you
like with them.

26. Links
Open access and the humanities by Martin Eve
OAPEN-UK guide to Creative Commons for
humanities and social sciences monograph
authors
Open Access Workflows in Academic Libraries
guide