1. 2 GW Vertical Integration:
The LDK Solar approach
Luca Piffer
Country Manager - Italy
The Solar Future
Brussels, March 23, 2011
2. Disclaimer
The presentation is prepared by LDK Solar Co., Ltd. (“LDK" or the “Company”) and is being
presented solely for the purpose of corporate communication and general reference. The
presentation is not intended as an offer to sell, or to solicit an offer to buy or form any basis of
investment decision for any class of securities of the Company in any jurisdiction. All such
information should not be used or relied on without professional advice. The presentation is a
brief summary in nature and do not purport to be a complete description of the Company, its
business, its current or historical operating results or its future prospects.
This presentation contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All
statements other than statements of historical facts are forward-looking statements. These
statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause
our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those
expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
This presentation is provided without any warranty or representation of any kind, either
expressed or implied. The Company specifically disclaims all responsibilities in respect of any
use or reliance of any information, whether financial or otherwise, contained in this
presentation.
3. LDK Solar Company Overview
Overview Key Strengths
Demonstrated Leadership in solar
A Leading, Vertically-Integrated, Wafer Manufacturing: #1 Worldwide
Manufacturer of PV Products
Vertically Integrated Solar
LDK is one of the world’s leading, low-cost Manufacturer
solar manufacturers
Proven Cost Reduction
Founded in Xinyu, China in 2005 Roadmap
Listed at NYSE since June 2007
Strong and Diversified Wafer
>20.000 Employees, est. 2,5 Bil. USD and Module Customer Base
Sales 2010
The Company has pursued a large scale Attractive Growth Strategies
vertical integration production capacity to
continuously reduced costs Solar Park investments in
Europe and China
Strong Financing support
from Chinese Bank
4. Solar Industry Growing Rapidly
New incentives available from new countries out
+
of traditional PV markets. BUT with lower FiT
Increasing demand of Energy from Developing
+ Countries. BUT with low finance power
Increasing demand of PV Energy from
+
Developed countries. BUT at lower cost
Our Vision
Reduction of PV Energy cost will be highly
+
required ( must !)
High Capacity Fully Vertical Integrated PV
=
Industry + Global Alliance with Strategic Partner
5. Our Cost Reduction Roadmap
2,0 GW = GRID
PARITY
The Largest • High quality
Fully Integrated high efficiency
PV Industry
products
in the World +
• Competitive
+ cost structure
• Economies
+ of scale & rapid
growth
• Vertical
Integration
6. 2,0 GW from Sand to PV Modules
2,0 GW
Fully Integrated PV Industry
• Polysilicon Plant: TCS • Multi Ingot Line- DSS Furnace • Mono Ingot Line- Pullers
• Wafer Line- Wire Saw • Cell Production Line • Module Line
7. 2,0 GW LDK’s Vertical Integration Strategy
Silicon Ingot Wafer Cell Module
In-House In-House &
In-House In-House In-House
Production OEM
2,0 GW
5 in 1 Sectors to reduce the PV costs
8. 2,0 GW LDK’s Vertical Integration Strategy
Silicon Ingot Wafer Cell Module
In-House
Production
Produces solar
and
semiconductor
grade polysilicon
and chemicals
11,000 MT
capacity today
25,000 MT
capacity by end
of 2011
9. Overview of LDK’s Polysilicon Facilities
LDK’s Polysilicon Facilities Production Has Begun in the 15,000 MT Plant
2 Production Sites – both in Xinyu
September 2009
Today
“Ma Hong” Plant Started Ramp Up
Production Proceeding
– 7 Km East of LDK’s HQ Quickly
– 15,000 MT Planned Capacity
“Xia Cun” Plant 2009 2010 Now
– 15 km North of LDK’s HQ
– 3,000 MT Planned Capacity LDK Polysilicon Production (MT)
LDK’s Polysilicon Facilities are Designed with
“Best in Class” philosophy: Total 1Q 10: 692 MT
288 MT
Lowest-cost Proven Technology
228 MT
Semiconductor Grade Polysilicon 176 MT
Low Environmental Impact: “Si In – Si Out”
Highest Design Safety Standard
Highly Instrumented and Automated
10. LDK Solar’s Close-Loop Modified Siemens Process
A closed loop process enables LDK Solar to further lower the cost of polysilicon production
Close-loop process is in place for both the small and large plant
– TCS is being synthesized and STC is being recycled
LDK Solar will fully ramp up its closed loop process by end of 2010
MG Silicon In Polysilicon Out
Crude TCS Pure TCS
TCS Synthesis Purification Polysilicon
HCl
STC STC H2 STC TCS
TCS TCS H2 HCl
STC
Converter OGR STC Converters Poly OGR
STC TCS
H2 HCl
11. LDK 15,000 MT Poly Plant
The biggest single polysilicon plant in the world
12. As Seen From Space!”
“LDK Mahong” 15,000 MT Polysilicon Plant
Hydrogen Plant
Tank Farm Converter
Waste water Building
and vent gas
plant
HCL Plant
OGR
Reactor Halls
TCS Synthesis
and Purification
Utilities Plant
13. Polysilicon Production Status
LDK’s polysilicon plants are designed to produce high-purity
polysilicon at low cost and low power consumption
Parameters Status
√ 100 - 200 Ohm-cm Polysilicon and Improving
Polysilicon Purity √ Current Wafer Production Indicates Good Silicon Quality
√ Quality Supports Solar Single Crystal Production
√ Fixed Electrical Load is Diluted with Capacity Increase
Plant Electricity Consumption
√ Power Consumption / Kg Si Falling as Production Ramps
√ 130% Reactor Capacity Demonstrated
Poly Reactor Productivity
√ Reactor Power Consumption Better Than Expected
√ STC Conversion at Design and Improving
Converter Productivity √ Full Converter Capacity Demonstrated and Operation is
Stable
√ TCS Conversion Near Design and Improving
TCS Synthesis Reactor
√ Reactor Operation is Now Stable and Ramping
14. Polysilicon Capacity Plan
4Q 09: 4Q 10:
2011:
3,000 MT Line 1 Line 2
Further Ramp-Up
(Xia Cun Plant)
Full Mechanical
Line 1 & 2 to 3,000MT
Production Completion
1st 5,000 MT 4Q 09: 2Q 10:
Train Commence Full
(Ma Hong Plant)
Production
Production 2011+ :
Full
Production
2nd 5,000 MT 2Q 10: 2H 10:
Capacity of
Train Mechanical Commence
Completion Production 25.000MT
(Ma Hong Plant)
3rd 5,000 MT 1H 11: 1H 11:
Train Mechanical Commence
(Ma Hong Plant)
Completion Production
2010 2011
Target Cost 1H 10: 2H 10: 1H 11: 2H 11:
(per kg) $40 - $60 $35 - $45 $32 - $40 $30 - $35
Production 1H 10: 2H 10: 1H 11: 2H 11:
Capacity (MT) 6,000 MT 11,000 MT 16,000 MT 25,000 MT
15. 2,0 GW LDK’s Vertical Integration Strategy
Silicon Ingot Wafer Cell Module
In-House
In-House In-House
Production
Produces solar World’s largest World’s largest
and Multi and Mono solar wafer
semiconductor – Crystalline industry
grade polysilicon industry
and chemicals
3,0 GW capacity 3,0 GW capacity
11,000 MT today today
capacity today
4,0 GW capacity 4,0 GW capacity
25,000 MT by end of 2011 by end of 2011
capacity by end of
2011
16. Global Customer Footprint — Solar Wafers
Germany
Netherlands China
US
Belgium
Japan
France
Korea
India
Taiwan
17. World-Class Technology: Multi Crystal
Bigger Ingot Sizes Wafer Processing Cost ($/Watt)
G4
250-270 kg Target $0.04/Watt reduction in wafer
processing costs from 4Q10 to the end of 2011
G5
400-450 kg
G6
650-800 kg
First G6
800 kg Ingot
18. Continued Leadership in Wafer Manufacturing
2010 Capacity Share of Major Wafer Wafer Capacity (MW)
Manufacturers From zero to 3,0GW in 5 years
From zero to 3,0 GW of Wafer
Manufacturing in 5 years !
Source : LDK Solar Marketing Dept 2010
19. LDK’s Vertical Integration Strategy
Silicon Ingot Wafer Cell Module
In-House In-House &
In-House In-House In-House
Production OEM
Produces solar World’s largest World’s largest R&D and
and Multi and Mono solar wafer investments in
semiconductor – Crystalline industry process
grade polysilicon industry
and chemicals 180 MW capacity
3,0 GW capacity 3,0 GW capacity today
11,000 MT today today
capacity today
4,0 GW capacity 4,0 GW capacity 1.26 GW
25,000 MT by end of 2011 by end of 2011 capacity by end
capacity by end of of 2011
2011
20. Cells: LDK Solar To Manufacture Solar Cells
Benefits of In-House Cell Manufacturing Cell Capacity Plan
(in MW)
Increase level of vertical
integration
Reduce cost of modules
In-house, stable supply of cells
Monitor wafer efficiency more
closely
Integrated R&D efforts for
polysilicon, wafer, cell &
modules
21. Efficiency Roadmap
Project “Jing Gang Shan”
19.0%-21.0%
21.0%-23.0%
Multi-Si Efficiency 18.2%-18.6%
Mono-Si Efficiency 20.5%-21.0%
17.5%-18.0%
16.8%-17.0%
19.5%-20.0%
16.2%-16.5% 18.5%-19.0% Full passivation
Higher front Thinner cell, rear front & back cell
17.3%-17.5% Higher front contact aspect local contact, high-
contact aspect ratio, higher sheet quality surface
ratio, higher sheet resistance emitter, passivation
resistance emitter, better texturing
Current industry better texturing scheme, reduce
efficiencies scheme, reduce shading loss,
shading loss, better BSF
better BSF
2010 2014
= Factors Driving Efficiency Increase
22. LDK’s Vertical Integration Strategy
Silicon Ingot Wafer Cell Module
In-House In-House &
In-House In-House In-House
Production OEM
Produces solar World’s largest World’s largest R&D and Acquired Best
and Multi and Mono solar wafer investments in Solar module
semiconductor – Crystalline industry process capacity
grade polysilicon industry
and chemicals 180 MW capacity 1.5 GW capacity
3,0 GW capacity 3,0 GW capacity today today
11,000 MT today today
capacity today 2.5 GW capacity
4,0 GW capacity 4,0 GW capacity 1.26 GW capacity by end of 2011
25,000 MT by end of 2011 by end of 2011 by end of 2011
capacity by end of
2011
23. Module Capacity Plan
Module Capacity Plan (MW)
today 2011
Suzhou 500 500
Nanchang 1000 1,500
Hefei 0 500
Total 1,500 2,500
24. Target Module Processing Cost ($/Watt)
Target Module Processing Cost ($/Watt)
Target $0.04/Watt reduction in module
processing costs from 4Q10 to the end of 2011
25. Modules: Reliable Quality for Worldwide Customers
Module Module Module
Certifications
Warranty Insurance Recycling
MUNICH-RE
Insurance
Manufactured under stringent One of the most comprehensive Banking institutions want Since beginning of 2010
quality contract standards: warranties in the solar industry: protection guarantees on their LDK Solar is proud member of
investments as part of a debt PV Cycle Organization
– +/- 3% power output tolerance – Materials and Workmanship: financing package:
covered for 25 years – LDK Solar is committed to
– High conversion efficiency – Europe’s largest insurance finding new ways to make our
– Power rating: Tight power provider, Munich Re, provides solar modules even more
– Ability to withstand wind and tolerances within +/- 3% of the an insurance solution which environmentally friendly, from
snow load, and extreme module nameplate rating covers the performance increasing both cell and
temperature variations warranty of modules production efficiencies, to
– Long-term Power Output: proactively adopting recycling
– Rigorous quality control Industry-leading power output – Protects our customers and their
meeting the highest programs for end-of-life
warranty based on the bankers over the 25 year PV modules
international standards individual module’s actual flash warranty term
test results at shipment
– Industry leading – Strengthens customers project
25 year warranty – Start Date: From the date financing package by removing
of sale, not the date performance risk factor and
of manufacture doubt of warranty support
– Transferability: Transferable to
future system owners unlike
other standard warranties
26. R&D Targets for the Next 5 Years
Parameters In 5 Years
Total Energy Consumption 120-140kwh/kg
Multi-ingot size G7(1000kg)
Wafer Thickness 130-160µm
Cell Efficiency (Multi-) 19-21%
Cell Efficiency (Mono-) 21-23%
Module Efficiency (Multi-) 16-20%
Module Efficiency (Mono-) 19-21%
27. LDK THIN FILM MODULES
T.J. Applied Material technology, high efficiency + Cadmium Free !!
28. Financing schemes opportunities: CDB
CDB is a leader in the implementation in
national projects, basic industries and the
high-technology sector as well as pillar
industries and critical infrastructure
construction.
LDK Solar has entered into a strategic
financing agreement with CDB that will
provide up to US$8.9 Billion of credit
facilities to LDK Solar over a five-year
period.
The partnership of Chinese economic development Bank with LDK Solar can
provide beneficial reference for economic development and to help new Renewable
Energy Projects across European Countries and worldwide
29. Conclusion
Focus on Low-Cost Strategies &
1
Maintain Cost Leadership
2 Continue to Strengthen Vertical Integration
Support PV Energy development in New
3
Developing Countries
Our Focus
Support PV Energy Expansion on the Mature
4
Countries
Consider Worldwide Strategic Alliances &
5
Acquisitions
