1. Done By: Leow Wei Sheng 2P315 Black History

2. Agenda Slavery Civil War Jim Crow Laws Civil Rights Movement Montgomery Bus Boycott and Scottsboro Trials Traits of a true Southern Belle and Southern Gentlemen Harper Lee

3. Slavery Started in the 1400s Started in northern Mauritania in North Africa Whites traditionally bought and owned slaves Rules included not allowed to carry arms Punishments included being crippled

4. Slavery Slavery began in the Southern States when farmers needed slaves to help in their huge plantations Slavery is related to “To Kill A Mockingbird” as Atticus Finch also hires a slave to work for him The study of slavery helps us to understand why Blacks are treated unfairly by the Whites

5. Civil War The Southern States are: Virginia, Delaware, Maryland, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Missouri, Arkansas and Texas The US president who proclaimed war against the South was Abraham Lincoln The Civil War was fought as the North wanted to abolish slavery in the South

6. Civil War The war was fought from 1861-1865 In the end the North won, and slavery was abolished in the South The Civil War is related to “To Kill A Mockingbird” as in both cases people were fighting for rights for the Blacks

7. Jim Crow Laws Jim Crow is pejorative expression meaning “Africa American” The Jim Crow Law were laws which separate the Whites from the Blacks The Laws shaped a segregated culture The Blacks were unhappy as that meant that the Whites would have an unfair advantage over the Blacks

8. Jim Crow Laws The Jim Crow Laws surfaced in the novel “To Kill A Mockingbird” In the novel, the Whites sat downstairs of the courthouse while the Blacks sat at the balcony on top of the courthouse

9. Civil Rights Movement The Civil Rights Movement began on 1 December 1955 The Civil Rights Movement was a national movement of resistance to racial segregation In December 1955, the Montgomery Bus Boycott started and it ended in December 1956, this led to the US Supreme Court declaring the Alabama and Montgomery segregation laws unconstitutional

10. In August 1963, all the major civil rights organizations marched on Washington and it was a success; the Kennedy Administration was sincerely committed to passing the bill about outlawing segregation John F. Kennedy supported the movement In the end segregation was outlawed The movement is related to the novel as both show that racial discrimination could get out of control Civil Rights Movement

11. Montgomery Bus Boycott and Scottsboro Trials Fighting for the rights of Blacks in the transport sector as the transport system was biased to the Whites Nine Black teenagers were accused of rape in Alabama in 1931 Both trials are similar as both trials are about Blacks fighting for their rights

12. Traits of a True Southern Belle and Southern Gentleman Southern Belle: a young upper class woman Southern Gentleman: a polite man with respect A Southern Belle sews to pass her time Atticus is an example of a Southern Gentleman as he is righteous and polite Bob Ewell is an example of a non-Southern Gentleman as he is very violent and cunning

13. Harper Lee Born on 28 April 1926 Published “To Kill A Mockingbird” in July 1966 The novel was the only novel she published Awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1961 She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contribution to literature in 2007 The book was significant to her as it was the only book she published and it describes the impact of racism on the Blacks

14. Thank You