2. INTRODUCTION
Focus on South India (near Trivandrum)
Objective: 3 fold development (Spiritual, Mental & Physical)
Intervention with the help of Dr. Spencer Hatch, an American in 1921
through extension secretary
‘self help with intimate expert council’
Movement called as Rural Reconstruction
3. PROCESS
Demonstration centers was setup
1. Night schools
2. Weekly market
3. Extension work
4. Guide village organizations
5. It had demonstration farms, prized animals, bee keeping centres
“Through self help and cooperation”
5. RESULTS ACHIEVED
Systematic and well organized intervention by professionals
Workers helped other states of Baroda, Mysore, Cochin etc.
Change in the attitude of rural people
Animators (village sevika)
Tried to understand the felt needs rather than perceived needs as in Sriniketan
experiment.
More focus on stereotype activities and marketing
Successful output: egg selling club, honey club
6. SHORTCOMINGS
Inadequate funds
Insufficient govt. help
Activities organized in Marthandam & village workers don’t stay in villages
Religious bias
Program was centered only on one person.After his death, conflict in
questions regarding the leadership between YMCA & church association
7. SUGGESTIONS:
fostering knowledge transfer and innovation in agriculture.
sustainable forest management;
promoting food chain organization and animal welfare
restoring, preserving and enhancing ecosystems related to agriculture
promoting resource efficiency and
promoting social inclusion, poverty reduction and economic development
in rural areas.