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Kryst l Magazine
                                                  ®
                                              ®




www.kryton.com      Leaders in Integral Crystalline Waterproofing                       Volume 13 | Issue 2




  Waterproofing the
        Madushan Dam
   Modernizing Nuclear
   Power Construction
   Standards

   Green Vegas

   PLUS:
   Kryton Increases Their
   Global Presence
   Spotlight on the United
   Kingdom




                                                                    Krystol® Magazine
Concrete Waterproofing that Works!

                Stop using unreliable membranes to waterproof your
                concrete. Since 1973 Kryton has helped architects, engineers
                and builders create dry, waterproof concrete using Krystol
                technology.

                Our waterproofing admixture, KIM®, is faster, more reliable
    ®
                and costs 25% less than using traditional waterproofing
                systems. KIM is backed by the industry’s longest warranty.

                For more information on the
                longest standing crystalline
                waterproofing admixture
                jobs in the world, visit us
                online at www.kryton.com or
                call us at 1.800.267.8280 or
                604.324.8280.                                                  ort
                                                No. 1 in Technical Supp

                   ®



                                         At the Lab. In the Field. By Your Side.
Contents                                                           Volume 13 | Issue 2



4	
	
      Top	10	Things	to	Look	for	When	Selecting	Your	
      Waterproofing	Solution
                                                                                                     10
6	    Waterproofing	the	Madushan	Dam

8	    By	Your	Side	

8	    Test	Your	Knowledge

9	    CEO	Column	—	Modernizing	Nuclear	Power	
	     Construction	Standards
                                                              Krystol® Magazine is printed twice a year
10	   Keeping	Water	Tanks	Watertight                          by Kryton International Inc.
                                                              1645 East Kent Avenue
                                                              Vancouver, BC V5P 2S8
                                                              Canada
12	   Kryton	News                                             www.kryton.com

                                                              For information about this publication or
13	   Ask	a	Kryton	Expert                                     about Kryton International Inc., write to
                                                              the above address, phone 604-324-8280 or
                                                              1-800-267-8280, or email
13	   Green	Vegas                                             info@kryton.com.

                                                              Copyright © 2010 Kryton International Inc.
14	   Kryton	in	the	United	Kingdom                            All rights reserved.

                                                              Editors/Contributors
                                                              Jillian Work
                                                              Kari Yuers
                                                              Al Polonuk
                                                              Alex Emlyn
                                                              Sheila Dong


                                                       6      Design/Production
                                                              Yvonne Lee

                                                              Printed in Canada by
                                                              Rebel Communications Group




                                                       Krystol® Magazine
0
Top
                                          Things to Look For When Selecting Your
                                          Waterproofing Solution
When	a	building	project	calls	for	        non-pressure	situations.	However,	            repair	locations.	In	addition,	because	
absolutely	watertight	waterproofing	–	    are	easily	overcome	by	hydrostatic	           the	structures	are	often	buried	and	
pools,	underground	parking	garages,	      pressure,	allowing	water	and	                 the	membranes	are	located	on	the	
aquariums,	water	tanks	or	similar	        contaminants	in.	Membranes	can	               other	side	of	the	wall,	access	is	
structures	–	builders,	developers,	       provide	adequate	protection	as	               restricted.	Many	repair	systems,	such	
architects	and	engineers	need	to	know	    long	as	they	have	been	installed	             as	injections,	can	make	the	situation	
the	options	available,	and	what	works	    with	pristine	workmanship;	but	any	           worse	if	they	push	the	membrane	
best	where.
                                          pinhole	or	separated	seam	can	lead	           off	the	structure	or	cause	a	seam	
                                          to	leaks.	Crystalline	waterproofing	          to	split.	In	contrast,	crystalline	
In	waterproofing	concrete,	there	are	
                                          systems	withstand	very	high	                  waterproofing	systems	have	
different	types	of	systems,	some	of	
which	may	have	distinct	advantages	       hydrostatic	pressure,	improving	over	         compatible	repair	systems	for	cracks	
over	other	systems.                       time	and	providing	continuous	self-           that	are	effectively	and	reliably	
                                          sealing	capabilities.                         installed	from	either	side.		
Here	are	the	top	10	things	to	
look	for	when	selecting	your	             3. Could you easily repair leaks if           4. Can you easily get skilled and
waterproofing	solution:                   you needed to?                                experienced trades people to
                                          Leaking	membrane	systems	are	                 apply the waterproofing?
1. Are you on a tight construction        extremely	difficult	and	often	                You	need	to	have	confidence	in	your	
schedule?                                 impossible	to	repair.	Water	can	travel	       trades	people	–	no	matter	what	
Waterproofing	systems	like	               between	the	membrane	and	the	wall	            waterproofing	solution	you	choose.	
membranes	typically	require	a	well-       until	it	finds	an	opening,	the	location	      But	you	can	mitigate	the	risks	by	
prepared	surface	prior	to	application.	   of	a	leak	does	not	necessarily	indicate	      choosing	a	system	that	makes	their	
Some	require	the	concrete	to	have	        the	location	of	the	membrane	breach.	         jobs	easier.	Integral	crystalline	
been	cured	for	28	days.	All	surface	      This	makes	it	challenging	to	identify	        waterproofing	systems	eliminate	
applied	systems	require	time	for	
workers	to	complete	the	preparation	
and	application.	Internal	systems,	
like	crystalline	waterproofing,	are	
integrated	into	the	concrete	mix	
during	batching	and	require	no	
labour	or	preparation	on-site.	This	
can	save	a	significant	amount	of	time	
and	money	and	even	shorten	your	
construction	schedule.

2. Will the concrete be subjected
to hydrostatic pressure?
Water	repelling	products	are	
inexpensive	and	can	be	effective	
in	reducing	water	absorption	in	          The TreePeople cistern needed a permanent waterproofing solution because landscaping
                                          overtop would make repairs almost impossible.
                   www.kryton.com
9. Do you require expert advice
                                                                                               and support?
                                                                                               Be	sure	to	choose	a	waterproofing	
                                                                                               system	that	has	a	track	record	of	being	
                                                                                               supported	by	the	local	distributor	
                                                                                               as	well	as	the	manufacturer.	Proper	
                                                                                               support	should	include	reviews	of	
                                                                                               project	specific	designs	and	details,	
                                                                                               clear	literature	on	the	product	or	
                                                                                               system,	application	instructions,	
                                                                                               training,	online	help,	and	site	visits.	
                                                                                               Suppliers	should	be	available	and	
                                                                                               always	willing	to	help.

                                                                                               10. Does the manufacturer have a
                                                                                               long history of success?
                                                                                               Any	waterproofing	system	that	you	
                                                                                               should	consider	trusting	to	protect	
                                                                                               your	structure	should	be	proven	to	be	
Skilled tradespeople on this jobsite at the Cowichan Pool in Duncan, B.C., received training   effective	over	a	long	period	of	time.	
and support throughout the waterproofing process.                                              Your	structure	and	its	waterproofing	
the	need	for	labour	as	the	product	              7. Are you seeking LEED                       system	is	undoubtedly	intended	to	
is	integrated	into	the	concrete	mix.	            certification for your project?               last	for	many	years.	Choose	a	system	
Membranes	and	other	surface	applied	             A	LEED	point	can	be	achieved	as	a	            that	has	stood	the	test	of	time.	Also	
                                                 result	of	using	innovation	in	design	         be	sure	to	choose	a	manufacturer	
products	can	require	highly	skilled	
                                                 and	some	crystalline	waterproofing	           that	has	demonstrated	a	strong	
labour,	increasing	the	chances	that	
                                                 systems	can	contribute	towards	               commitment	to	stand	behind	its	
mistakes	will	occur.
                                                 your	LEED	credits	because	of	                 products	in	the	long	term.
5. Are you trying to build within                their	innovative	nature.	Be	aware	
tight property lines or make the                 that	many	membrane	systems	are	
most effective use of your building              petroleum-based	and	applied	using	
                                                 adhesives	with	high	volatile	organic	
site area?
                                                 compounds.	Membranes	can	also	
Using	surface	applied	products	
                                                 restrict	the	concrete’s	ability	to	be	
normally	requires	access	space	on	
                                                 recycled	when	the	structure’s	useful	
the	outside	of	the	concrete.	This	               life	is	over.
can	prevent	you	from	building	right	
up	to	the	property	line.	Integral	               8. Does your concrete include
waterproofing	systems	do	not	require	            rough or irregular surfaces or
on-site	installation	so	allow	you	to	
                                                 unusual shaping?
build	tight	to	the	property	lines,	              The	more	irregular	the	architectural	
potentially	giving	you	more	building	            shape	the	more	difficult	the	
area	and	flexibility	in	the	design.              application	process	becomes	for	
                                                 surface	applied	systems	like	adhered	
6. Will the concrete be in contact               membranes	and	bentonite	sheets.	
with potable water?                              Surface	applied	systems	require	
If	the	structure	you	are	building	will	          meticulous	workmanship	to	achieve	a	
hold	potable	water,	you	need	to	be	              perfect	seal	when	working	with	fancy	
sure	that	the	waterproofing	system	              architectural	designs.	Liquid	applied	
you	choose	is	safe	for	contact	with	             coatings	and	integral	waterproofing	          The Underwater World Aquarium in Australia
the	water.	Any	such	system	should	               admixtures	are	more	effectively	used	         needed a waterproofing solution that could
be	certified	safe	for	contact	with	              to	waterproof	irregular	shapes	               resist hydrostatic pressure from within the tank
drinking	water	by	NSF	International.             and	forms.	                                   and outside in the Yarra River. KIM installed
                                                                                               in 2000.
                                                                                                Krystol® Magazine
Waterproofing the
        Madushan Dam



The	Madushan	hydroelectric	dam	is	       due	to	inclement	weather	on-site.	          An	example	of	this	occurred	in	2005	
located	on	the	Red	River	in	Yunnan	      The	owner	was	also	already	moving	          when	the	Taum	Sauk	pumped	storage	
Province,	People’s	Republic              forward	on	an	expansion	project	            plant	in	Missouri,	U.S.A.,	experienced	
	of	China.	With	a	height	of	107	         on	the	dam,	building	additional	            a	failure	in	its	upper	dam.	A	computer	
metres,	length	of	353	metres	and	        infrastructure	and	increasing	its	          software	problem,	in	tandem	with	
a	water	capacity	of	552	million	         overall	capacity.	It	would	be	a	busy	       a	preexisting	leakage	issue	in	the	
cubic	metres,	it	is	a	major	dam	that	    site,	and	repair	work	needed	to	            concrete,	led	to	more	than	four	
provides	electricity	to	hundreds	of	     happen	as	quickly,	efficiently	and	         million	cubic	metres	of	water	topping	
thousands	of	people.	                    effectively	as	possible.                    the	dam	walls	and	being	released	
                                                                                     into	the	river	below	over	a	12	minute	
When	cracks	in	the	dam’s	upstream	       Because	concrete	will	crack	if	
concrete	walls	began	to	surface	due	     not	properly	placed	or	cured,	
to	immense	hydrostatic	pressure,	        waterproofing	with	a	trusted	and	
the	structure’s	owners	–	Red	            guaranteed	system	provides	extra	
River	Guangyuan	Hydropower	              protection	for	dam	walls	and	the	
Development	Co.	Ltd.	–	knew	they	        steel	rebar	reinforcements	within.	
were	up	against	a	massive	challenge.	    If	water	enters	cracks	in	concrete,	
The	dam	needed	to	remain	in	             it	can	damage	the	reinforcing	steel	
service,	making	planning	and	co-         below	the	concrete	surface.	As	the	
ordination	difficult	for	trades.	In	     steel	corrodes,	it	expands,	which	
addition,	the	owner	had	concerns	that	   leads	to	further	cracking	and	water	
traditional	membrane	waterproofing	      ingress.	Over	time,	the	concrete	
and	polyurethane	coating	systems	        deteriorates	and	fails	–	this	can	result	
wouldn’t	be	effective	or	easy	to	use	    in	devastating	floods.	                     Before crews could start on waterproofing the
                                                                                     Madushan Dam, more than 1.3 million cubic
                                                                                     metres of earth were excavated.
                   www.kryton.com
period.	The	concrete	walls	had	been	         exposure	to	water,	salts	or	other	
waterproofed	with	a	traditional	             contaminants	and	are	not	affected	
membrane	system	but	had	been	                by	UV	rays	or	extreme	temperatures.	
leaking	over	a	prolonged	period	of	          Finally,	integral	systems	are	a	green	
time.	Because	of	the	leak,	the	concrete	     solution	–	they	can	extend	the	
walls	had	weakened	and	slumped,	             serviceable	life	of	structures	and	also	
lowering	the	point	at	which	the	walls	       allow	the	concrete	to	be	recycled	after	
would	be	overtopped	by	water.                its	useful	life	is	over.	For	hydroelectric	
                                                                 dams,	which	are	
                                                                 a	green	form	of	
                                                                 energy,	integral	          Crews prepared the surface of the walls
                                                                                            prior to applying T1 and T2.
                                                                 waterproofing	
                                                                 systems	make	sense.        later	in	the	life	of	the	concrete,	the	
                                                                                            incoming	water	will	trigger	further	
                                                               The	construction	            crystal	growth,	keeping	the	structure	
                                                               team	chose	                  watertight	over	its	lifespan.	They	
                                                               Hangzhou	Guo	                recognized	the	system	would	not	only	
                                                               Dian	Dam	Safety	             fix	the	cracks,	but	would	increase	the	
                                                               Engineering	Co,	             resistance	of	chloride	penetration	
                                                               Kryton’s	distributor	        into	the	concrete	and	improve	the	
                                                               in	China,	to	provide	        structure’s	overall	durability.	
                                                               Krystol	T1	and	T2	
                                                               –	a	surface-applied	         Krystol	T1	and	T2	is	a	two-step	
                                                               crystalline	slurry	          integral	system	that	is	brush-applied	
                                                               coat	system	–	as	well	       onto	existing	concrete	structures.	
Crews applied T1 and T2 to the dam’s walls                     as	Krystol	Waterstop	        Once	applied,	the	crystals	grow	deep	
to prevent water leakage and increase the    Grout	for	the	joints	and	cracks.	              into	the	existing	concrete.	
durability of the structure.                 Kryton’s	Krystol	line	of	products	
To	enhance	the	safety	of	these	              contain	crystals	that	grow	and	fill	           A	total	of	12,000	square	metres	of	
structures,	more	and	more	                   naturally	occurring	pores	and	cracks	          concrete	have	been	treated	with	
governments	and	hydro	companies	             in	concrete,	providing	permanent	              approximately	40	tonnes	of	Kryton’s	
are	turning	to	integral	crystalline	         waterproof	protection.	If	cracks	form	         T1	and	T2	system.	
waterproofing	manufacturers	for	help	
–	which	is	exactly	what	happened	               Did You Know?
after	the	Taum	Sauk	failure.	Kryton	
                                                China	is	home	to	the	largest	hydroelectric	dam	in	the	world	–	the	Three	Gorges	
International	Inc.	was	brought	on	
                                                Dam.	Spanning	the	Yangtze	River,	the	dam	wall	is	2,309	metres	long,	185	metres	
board	to	provide	crack	repair	and	              high	and	115	metres	thick	at	its	base.	In	all,	more	than	27	million	cubic	metres	of	
surface	treatment	to	repair	the	                concrete	and	463,000	tonnes	of	steel	were	used	to	build	the	wall.
damage	that	had	been	done	by	the	
leaking	membrane	system.	In	the	case	                      The	dam	contains	32	main	electricity	generators,	six	of	which	are	still	
of	the	Madushan	Dam,	Kryton	was	                           under	construction.	In	just	one	year	of	operation,	the	dam	generated	
the	solution	again.                                        enough	electricity	to	cover	more	than	one	third	of	its	building	costs.	

Integral	systems	can	add	decades	
to	the	life	of	a	concrete	structure.	
Unlike	membrane	systems	that	
can	deteriorate	over	time,	integral	
systems	become	part	of	the	concrete	
matrix,	waterproofing	from	the	inside	
out.	This	gives	these	systems	added	
reliability	over	other	waterproofing	
systems	as	they	cannot	be	punctured	
or	torn.	In	addition,	integral	systems	
won’t	be	worn	away	by	constant	

                                                                                             Krystol® Magazine
By Your Side
When	Kryton	was	brought	on	                   Kryton’s	China	office,	led	by	Helen	         travelled	to	the	site	on	the	Red	
board	to	waterproof	the	Madushan	             Qiao	and	Tian	Dapeng,	delivered	             River	at	the	beginning	of	the	repair	
Dam	through	its	distributor,	                 a	presentation	on	crystalline	               work	and	provided	hands-on	
Hangzhou	Guo	Dian	Dam	Safety	                 waterproofing	and	its	direct	benefits	       training	for	the	applicators	to	ensure	
Engineering	Company,	it	began	                for	the	dam	to	an	audience	made	             the	Krystol	T1	and	T2	products	
developing	a	comprehensive	strategy	          up	of	the	dam	owners	from	Red	               were	used	correctly.	
to	provide	full	service	support	to	the	       River	Guangyuan	Hydropower	
on-site	crews.	                               Development	Company.	Tian	also	              The	By Your Side	support	continued	
                                                                                           overseas	at	Kryton’s	technical	
                                                                                           headquarters	in	Canada.	Kryton’s	
                                                                                           team	of	researchers,	scientists,	
                                                                                           engineers	and	market	and	product	
                                                                                           experts	provided	technical	support	
                                                                                           throughout	the	waterproofing	
                                                                                           work,	answering	questions	on	
                                                                                           product	capabilities	and	application	
                                                                                           techniques.


                                                                                           For more information about Kryton’s
                                                                                           By Your Side service, visit
                                                                                           www.kryton.com.


Kryton provides a training demonstration in China.



  Test Your Knowledge!
   A. The tallest dam in the world            D. One-third of the world’s
   is the Nurek Dam in Tajikistan.            countries rely on hydropower for
   It is:                                     their electricity supply. Large dams
   1.			150	metres	high                       generate this percentage of the
   2.			210	metres	high                       world’s total electricity supply:
   3.			300	metres	high                       1.			8%	
   4.			440	metres	high                       2.			15%
                                              3.			19%
   B. The earliest known dam is               4.			23%
   situated in Jawa, Jordan and is
   dated back to:                             E. In order to build the Hoover
   1.			3,000	BC                              Dam, workers laboured non-stop,
   2.			1,200	BC                              both day and night, for two years          F. The largest man-made lake
   3.			110	AD                                to prevent uneven curing of the            in the United States was created
   4.			1,400	AD                              concrete. In all, this much concrete       by the:
   	                                          was poured to build the dam:
                                                                                         1.			Daniel	Johnson	Dam
   C. The world’s largest known               1.			1	million	tons                        2.			Inguri	Dam
   beaver dam is:                             2.			3	million	tons                        3.			Glen	Canyon	Dam
   1.			466	metres                            3.			5	million	tons                        4.			Hoover	Dam
   2.			652	metres                            4.			7	million	tons
   3.			822	metres
   4.			1,097	metres                                                           A. 3; B. 1; C. 3; D. 3; E. 4;	F. 4    Answers:


                      www.kryton.com
CEO Column




Modernizing Nuclear Power Construction Standards
by Kari Yuers
At	the	recent	American	Concrete	              about	standards	and	safety	that	must	be	       concrete	and	concrete	structures.	
Institute	(ACI)	convention	in	Chicago,	       addressed	before	the	public	is	reassured	      Currently,	different	versions	of	standards	
the	National	Institute	for	Standards	and	     that	nuclear	power	is	safe	power.	It	raises	   and	different	dates	of	standards	are	being	
Technology	gave	a	presentation	to	the	        concerns	as	well	in	the	construction	          cited	by	various	regulatory	agencies.	
Board	to	ask	for	the	ACI’s	collaboration	     industry	that	those	regulations	not	
and	support	in	revamping	standards	           override	the	economics	of	producing	           As	a	global	industry,	we	need	to	come	
for	the	concrete	construction	of	nuclear	     nuclear	power.                                 together	to	make	the	necessary	changes	
power	stations.	What	became	apparent	                                                        to	our	codes	and	standards,	ensuring	the	
as	we	listened	to	the	goals	that	need	to	     Construction	standards	and	safety	             nuclear	power	stations	that	are	
be	achieved	to	even	begin	construction	       have	changed	radically	since	the	first	        built	around	the	world	are	durable,	
is	the	tremendous	amount	of	work	that	        commercial	nuclear	power	stations	were	        reliable	and	safe.
needs	to	be	done	to	incorporate	30	years	     built	in	the	1950s.	Construction	of	any	
of	technology	and	process	change.	There	      new	nuclear	facility	must	be	based	on	
can	be	no	conflicts	among	all	of	these	       alignment	with	up-to-date	standards	
standards	and	codes.	And	standards	and	       and	codes	cited	in	the	US	Nuclear	
codes	need	to	be	agreed	upon	by	the	          Regulatory	Commission’s	regulatory	
appropriate	regulatory	bodies	on	very	        documents.	But	a	large	part	of	those	
tight	timelines.                              codes	and	standards	have	not	been	
                                              updated	since	the	1980s.	Can	we	catch	
The	time	crunch	is	in	part	due	to	US	         up	in	time,	and	with	sufficient	input	and	
President	Obama’s	administration	             deliberation,	to	re-assure	the	public,	and	
approving	an	$8.3	billion	conditional	        the	construction	industry?
loan	guarantee	to	start	building	the	first	
nuclear	power	plants	in	the	US	in	more	       There	are	more	than	6,000	standards	and	       Nuclear power facilities like this one in the
than	three	decades.	That	kind	of	incentive	   codes	cited	for	constructing	a	Generation	     UK are going to become a more familiar
is	good	news	for	the	global	concrete	         III	reactor.	About	600	of	those	standards	     sight after the United States approved new
industry.	But	it	also	raises	concerns	        and	codes	relate	to	concrete,	reinforced	      construction.
                                                                                              Krystol® Magazine
Failed epoxy injection in this 30 year old water tank led to substantial cracking requiring repairs.




Keeping Water                                                          Tanks Watertight
The	average	lifespan	of	a	concrete	water	          How to Repair a Water Tank                        First,	check	the	exterior	walls	of	the	
tank	is	25	to	40	years.	Over	that	time,	                                                             tank	(if	accessible)	for	visible	leaks.	
                                                   Water	tanks	should	be	inspected	by	a	
the	concrete	resists	constant	hydrostatic	                                                           Old	epoxy	injection	repairs	can	fail,	
                                                   professional	engineer	every	one	to	two	
pressure	of	varying	degrees	from	the	                                                                leading	to	degradation	of	not	only	the	
                                                   years.	The	engineer	will	examine	the	
inside	and	outside,	is	in	contact	with	                                                              concrete	but	the	steel	reinforcement	
                                                   tank	for	signs	of	rebar	corrosion,	analyze	
chlorine	in	water	that	softens	its	surface,	                                                         inside	the	structure’s	walls.	Next,	look	
                                                   crack	patterns	in	your	structure,	evaluate	
and	will	develop	cracks	due	to	drying,	
                                                   the	overall	condition	of	the	concrete	
shrinkage	and	settling.	These	conditions,	
                                                   and	determine	whether	the	tank	should	
in	tandem	with	concrete’s	natural	
                                                   be	repaired	or	replaced	altogether.	You	
porosity,	can	lead	to	leaks,	corrosion	and	
                                                   should	plan	to	shut	your	tank	down	for	
a	reduced	service	life.		
                                                   up	to	two	days	to	drain,	clean	and	inspect	
                                                   all	the	surfaces.	
So	how	do	you	repair	a	deteriorating	
water	tank?	What	is	the	best	way	to	keep	
                                                   Once	the	tank	has	been	drained	and	
the	water	in	and	contaminants	out	for	the	
                                                   disinfected	with	chlorinated	solution	and	
longest	period	of	time	possible?	And,	how	
                                                   pressure	washer,	you	are	ready	to	begin	
do	you	protect	the	steel	reinforcement	
                                                   looking	for	problem	areas.
within	the	concrete	walls?                                                                           This tank lid was not sealed
                                                                                                     properly, leading to water leakage
                                                                                                     from the inside out.
  0                   www.kryton.com
at	the	support	columns	inside	the	tank.	
These	columns	often	corrode	at	the	base	
where	they	are	thoroughly	saturated	by	
water.	In	severe	cases,	the	concrete	may	
be	worn	away,	leaving	exposed	rebar	
that	needs	to	be	protected.	Consult	an	
engineer	before	removing	deteriorated	
concrete	from	columns,	especially	if	
this	requires	chipping	inside	the	rebar	
cage.	Also	look	for	honeycombing	on	
the	outside	and	inside	of	the	concrete	
walls.	Poorly	consolidated	concrete	can	
lead	to	honeycombing	and	these	areas	
will	actively	leak	unless	repaired.	Finally,	
check	the	tank	lid.	Too	often,	water	tank	
lids	are	not	waterproofed	or	sealed.	This	
can	result	in	contaminated	standing	water	
on	the	outside	of	the	tank	making	its	           Over time, this support column corroded at the base exposing the rebar reinforcements.
way	into	the	water	in	the	tank	–	a	major	
health	hazard.
                                                 How Age Affect Repairs                         you	make	that	decision.	If	the	concrete	
                                                                                                surface	is	relatively	sound	but	is	showing	
Ensure	all	cracks	and	defects	are	repaired	      The	older	the	water	tank,	the	more	likely	     signs	of	deterioration,	resurfacing	the	
with	a	waterproofing	solution.	Once	             repairs	and	maintenance	are	going	to	          walls	can	protect	the	concrete	from	
complete,	disinfect	the	structure	again	         be	required.	Extra	precaution	needs	to	        further	deterioration.
with	a	chlorinated	solution	and	pressure	        be	taken	when	repairing	the	tank	if	the	
washer.	This	will	ensure	the	tank	is	ready	      concrete	is	older.	When	cleaning	the	tank	
to	hold	any	type	of	water	including	
                                                                                                The Old vs New Way of
                                                 with	a	pressure	washer,	older	concrete	is	
potable	water.	When	the	tank	has	been	           more	likely	to	become	loose	and	fall	away.	    Waterproofing
successfully	cleaned,	fill	it	with	two	inches	   You	need	to	be	prepared	to	place	new	          Traditionally,	concrete	tanks	have	not	
of	water,	drain	the	water	and	then	fill	         concrete	in	these	areas.	The	engineer	you	     incorporated	a	waterproofing	system	
again	completely.                                bring	on	your	project	will	be	able	to	help	    until	a	problem	has	surfaced.	Cracks	
                                                                                                have	been	filled	with	Oakum	to	stop	
                                                                                                water	flow,	epoxy	coatings	have	been	
                                                                                                applied	or	polyurethane	plastic	liners	
                                                                                                have	been	welded	together	inside	the	
                                                                                                tank	to	block	water	leakage.	While	these	
                                                                                                methods	may	have	provided	temporary	
                                                                                                relief,	none	have	proven	as	effective	as	
                                                                                                integral	crystalline	waterproofing.	Cracks	
                                                                                                and	defects	repaired	with	crystalline	
                                                                                                systems	will	outlast	traditional	epoxy	
                                                                                                or	urethane	repairs.	Crystalline	repairs	
                                                                                                can	also	be	complemented	by	applying	
                                                                                                a	full	crystalline	surface	treatment	to	
                                                                                                protect	the	concrete	walls	from	further	
                                                                                                damage.	Using	integral	systems	for	water	
                                                                                                tank	repairs	can	protect	tanks	from	
                                                                                                deterioration	and	extend	the	structure’s	
                                                                                                service	life,	provided	that	the	repairs	are	
                                                                                                made	before	the	deterioration	becomes	
                                                                                                too	severe.	Because	of	this,	the	popularity	
                                                                                                of	crystalline	systems	is	booming	and	
                                                                                                water	tanks	around	the	world	are	
                                                                                                standing	the	test	of	time.	

This concrete was poorly consolidated, leading to honeycombing and leaking.
                                                                                                  Krystol® Magazine
Kryton News
                                                                                         Four New
                                               She’s a Jolly
                                                                                         Distributors for
                                               Good Fellow
                                                                                         Kryton products
                                               Kryton	CEO	and	President	Kari	
                                               Yuers	has	been	honoured	by	the	           In	line	with	Kryton’s	dedication	to	and	
                                               American	Concrete	Institute	(ACI)	        focus	on	distributors,	the	company	has	
                                               with	the	designation	of	Fellow.	          appointed	four	new	distributors	to	its	
                                               She	was	introduced	with	other	            international	network.
                                               new	ACI	Fellows	in	Chicago	at	the	
                                               Institute’s	spring	2010	convention.	      Kryton	has	a	new	Canadian	partner	
                                               Kari	was	awarded	the	title	for	her	       located	in	Ontario.	Form	and	Build	
                                               outstanding	contributions	to	the	         Supply	has	been	in	business	for	more	
                                               production	of	concrete	materials	and	     than	35	years,	distributing	concrete	
                                               products	and	her	commitment	to	           related	products	across	the	province.	
                                               concrete	education,	research,	design,	    It	has	offices	in	multiple	cities	in	the	
                                               construction	and	management.	She	         province	including	London,	Mississauga,	
                                               joins	731	other	Fellows	nominated	by	     Kitchener,	Windsor	and	Hamilton.
                                               the	Institute	since	it	established	the	
                                               honour	in	1973.                           In	south	America,	Kryton’s	products	are	
                                                                                         now	being	distributed	by	Brazil’s	Lwart	
Kari	is	also	the	chair	of	the	ACI’s	Convention	Committee	and	a	member	of	the	            Quimica,	headquartered	in	Sao	Paulo.	
ACI	Educational	Activities	Committee,	ACI	Financial	Advisory	Committee,	                 Emil	Fehr,	Marketing	Manager	at	Lwart	
ACI	Committees	212	Chemical	Admixtures,	E701	Materials	for	Concrete	                     had	this	to	say	about	the	partnership.	
Construction,	E702	Design	of	Concrete	Structures	and	362	Parking	Structures.             “Lwart	has	been	known	in	South	America	
                                                                                         for	asphalt	based	waterproofing	products	
                                                                                         for	many	years	and	we	were	looking	for	
                                                                                         new	opportunities,	especially	promising	
                                                                                         technologies	that	could	help	us	to	expand	
                                                                                         our	business,	beyond	asphalt	products.	
Kryton Strengthens Position                                                              In	the	search	we	discovered	Kryton,	and	
                                                                                         after	a	period	of	tests	and	negotiations,	
in Middle East                                                                           we	have	now	begun	distribution	business	
                                                                                         in	Brazil.	We	are	very	excited	about	this	
                                                                                         opportunity.	The	Brazilian	economy	is	
Kryton	bolstered	its	position	in	the	                                                    very	good	at	the	moment,	especially	with	
Middle	East	this	February	by	appointing	                                                 civil	construction,	and	we	are	sure	to	find	
Fadi	Farhat	to	the	position	of	Territory	                                                many	opportunities	for	Kryton	products.”
Manager.	Farhat	will	be	responsible	
for	driving	concrete	waterproofing	                                                      In	Africa,	Concrete	Logistics	will	
specifications	as	well	as	supporting	new	                                                be	providing	Kryton’s	products	to	
construction	and	remedial	rehabilitation	                                                companies	building	concrete	structures	
                                                                                         around	Nigeria.	
projects.	He	brings	his	background	as	
a	civil	engineer	and	several	years	of	                                                   Finally,	Reliable	Materials	S.A.,	a	Greek	
construction	material	experience	to	his	                                                 company	that	deals	with	planning	
role	at	Kryton	as	well	as	a	track	record	of	                                             and	developing	new	products	in	the	
winning	and	developing	major	projects.	                                                  construction	industry,	will	be	the	
                                                                                         exclusive	distributor	of	Kryton	products	
The	move	is	reflective	of	Kryton’s	                                                      to	projects	and	sites	in	Greece,	Albania,	
ongoing	commitment	to	the	area	and	will	                                                 Bulgaria,	Romania	and	Serbia.	The	main	
allow	the	company	to	provide	additional	                                                 distribution	centre	will	be	the	company’s	
technical	concrete	waterproofing	support	                                                central	location	in	Thessaloniki.
to	its	customers	in	the	region.		
 2                  www.kryton.com
Ask a Kryton Expert!
In	the	12	years	since	its	creation,	Leadership	in	Energy	and	Environmental	Design	
(LEED)	has	been	used	in	more	than	14,000	projects	across	30	countries.	So	what	do	
you	need	to	do	to	become	LEED	certified	and	why	should	you	consider	it?

We	ask	these	questions	and	more	to	Kryton’s	certified	LEED-AP	Alexandra	Emlyn.	

Q: Why should a developer pursue LEED?                          Q: How do you go about being
I	think	the	three	key	reasons	for	pursuing	LEED	                LEED certified?
are	building	longevity,	selling	power	and	human	                Once	you	decide	to	pursue	LEED	certification	and	
satisfaction.	If	you	put	the	money	and	planning	up	             what	level	you	want	to	achieve	(Certified,	Silver,	
front,	then	you	will	have	a	better	quality	building	that	       Gold	or	Platinum),	register	with	your	national	green	
lasts	longer	in	the	end.	By	achieving	LEED,	you	can	            building	council.	You	will	pay	your	upfront	fees	and	in	
increase	your	profits	and	bolster	your	professional	            exchange	be	given	your	certification	level	requirements	
reputation.	Finally,	you	create	buildings	that	people	          and	access	to	an	online	library	of	forms	to	use	during	
actually	want	to	be	in.	They	have	better	air	ventilation	       your	construction.	Documentation	is	a	key	part	of	
systems,	lighting	and	are	simply	healthier	environments	        certification	and	forms	must	be	filled	out	for	every	
for	the	people	who	use	them.	                                   LEED	point	you	are	trying	to	achieve.	

Q: Are integral crystalline waterproofing                       Hiring	a	LEED-AP	early	on	will	ensure	you	are	given	
systems the only waterproofing systems                          sound	advice	and	guidance	throughout	the	process.	
that can contribute to achieving                                The	LEED-AP	will	also	certify	your	documentation	and	
                                                                data	prior	to	you	submitting	it	to	the	council	
LEED points?
                                                                for	review.
Traditional	membrane-type	waterproofing	systems	
will	not	earn	you	any	LEED	points	due	to	the	chemicals	
                                                                Once	your	structure	is	complete	and	forms	have	been	
they	use	and	the	inability	for	concrete	to	be	recycled	
                                                                filled	out	and	certified,	submit	your	completed	package	
after	the	membrane	is	placed.	Integral	crystalline	
                                                                to	your	national	council	for	review.	A	final	adjudication	
waterproofing	systems	can	contribute	to	LEED	points	
                                                                will	determine	how	many	points	you	have	achieved	and	
in	three	main	categories:	sustainable	sites,	indoor	
                                                                the	associated	LEED	certification	level.
environmental	quality	and	innovation	
and	design	process.	Consult	with	a	LEED-AP	to	
                                                                The	process	seems	daunting	but	in	the	end,	you	will	
get	more	information.
                                                                have	produced	a	building	that	is	healthier,	more	
                                                                durable	and	enjoyable	to	use.	


Green Vegas
Did	you	know	Kryton	had	a	hand	in	waterproofing	the	world’s	
largest	mixed-use	new	construction	development	to	earn	LEED	
certification?	CityCenter	in	Las	Vegas	covers	76	acres	and	consists	
of	hotels,	retail,	entertainment	and	residential	facilities.	The	project	
relied	on	more	than	60	LEED-AP’s	through	its	five	year	design	and	
construction	process	and	has	since	been	awarded	six	LEED	Gold	
certifications	for	its	various	buildings.	A	total	of	20,000	kilograms	
(44,000	pounds)	of	Kryton’s	flagship	product,	KIM,	was	used	in	the	
project	as	well	as	other	Kryton	products.                                    CityCenter was awarded 6 LEED Gold
                                                                             certifications

                                                                                       Krystol® Magazine
Kryton in the United Kingdom
For	the	past	decade,	Kryton	has	been	involved	in	the	UK	                  end	of	the	tunnel	with	more	investments	returning	to	the	market	
construction	industry.	During	this	time	a	lot	has	changed:	               and	many	new	infrastructure	projects	commencing.	This	opens	
standards	and	codes	have	been	tightened	and	demands	for	                  the	door	to	concrete	waterproofing	opportunities.
concrete	products	have	fluctuated	depending	on	economic	
times.	The	global	economic	downturn	in	recent	years	has	had	              With	a	well-established	ready	mix	channel		in	place	that	has		
significant	effects	in	the	UK’s	concrete	construction	industry.	In	       approximately	1,000	concrete	batching	plants	across	the	country,	
2008,	concrete	sales	fell	20	per	cent	and	dropped	a	further	28	per	       Kryton	continues	to	be	a	valuable	concrete	waterproofing	
cent	in	2009.	In	2010,	the	industry	started	seeing	the	light	at	the	      partner	for	the	industry.	



Olympic Canoe Slalom Course, London
London’s	Olympic	Canoe	Slalom	Course	will	soon	be	paddled	by	the	
world’s	best	athletes.	Part	of	Lee	Valley	White	Water	Centre,	the	2012	
Olympic	course	features	computer	designed	substructure	to	ensure	
Olympic	standard	rapids	and	includes	a	competitive	and	training	course.	
These	courses	are	fed	by	a	man-made	10,000	square	metre	lake	that,	with	
the	help	of	high	powered	pumps,	supply	15	cubic	metres	of	water	per	
second.		The	structure	integrates	800	cubic	metres	of	concrete	containing	
5,600	kilograms	of	Krystol	Internal	Membrane	(KIM).	Effective	and	
guaranteed	waterproofing	is	critical	for	any	structure	integrating	such	
water	volume	and	pressure.	KIM	ensures	the	course	will	remain	accessible	
to	and	safe	for	athletes	and	visitors	long	after	the	Olympics	are	over.




Longwood Home, Hale
Located	in	one	of	Cheshire’s	desired	neighbourhoods,	Longwood	on	
Hilltop	is	a	mansion	that	showcases	luxury	and	contemporary	living.	
The	six	bedroom	six	bathroom	home	features	a	variety	of	amenities,	
including	a	swimming	pool,	greenroom,	sauna	and	spa,	gym,	cinema,	
games	room	and	office.	Before	construction,	the	development	team	
extensively	researched	reliable	waterproofing	systems	that	could	adapt	
to	the	area’s	geographical	challenges.	Their	research	led	them	to	Kryton’s	
KIM	waterproofing	solution.	KIM	was	added	to	the	concrete	formwork	in	
the	basement.	Nearing	completion,	the	mansion	will	be	put	on	the	market	
for	approximately	£4	million.



One Housing Group, Stratford
One	Housing	Group	has	embarked	on	a	development	tower	that	will	be	
a	featured	part	of	the	tall	buildings	that	form	a	gateway	of	Stratford	City	
and	the	2012	Olympic	sites.		This	tower	is	composed	of	17	floors	and	will	
feature	113	residential	units,	commercial	units,	communal	gardens	and	a	
courtyard.	One	major	task	during	construction	involved	waterproofing	
the	building’s	water	tanks	and	basement.	This	was	a	challenge	due	to	the	
building’s	innovative	design,	which	included	an	awkward	perimeter	and	
steel	sheet	pilings	on	all	sides.	To	deal	with	this,	the	design	team	used	250	
cubic	metres	of	KIM	mixed	concrete	and	another	150	lineal	metres	of	the	
Krystol	Waterstop	System.	The	redevelopment	is	now	on	track	and,	at	£20	
million,	on	budget.


                    www.kryton.com
Central Street, London
Touted	as	one	of	the	largest	land	deals	in	Central	London,	
Central	Street	is	a	residential	and	commercial	hub	covering	
seven	blocks	and	two	acres.	The	development,	which	ranges	
between	five	and	ten	stories,	consists	of	274	homes	and	4,500	
square	metres	of	commercial	space.	It	is	not	only	a	landmark	
development	for	the	area	but	also	a	key	project	for	Kryton	as	
it	is	one	of	the	largest	basement	waterproofing	projects	ever	
undertaken	by	the	company	in	the	UK.	Approximately	3,500	
cubic	metres	of	KIM	concrete	was	used	in	the	basement	and	
1,000	lineal	metres	of	the	Krystol	Waterstop	System	were	used	on	
the	joints.	Waterproofing	work	began	in	April	and	is	expected	to	
be	complete	in	August.	




Supermarket, Walsall
When	it	came	to	waterproofing	the	service	yard	area	of	West	
Midland’s	new	£17	million	supermarket	development,	Kryton	
was	a	simple	choice	for	concrete	flooring	contractor	Snowden	
Flooring	Limited.	The	2,600	metre	square	service	yard,	located	
on	the	first	floor	of	the	building	with	car	parking	below	would	be	
used	by	articulated	lorries,	or	big	rigs,	when	delivering	goods	to	
the	store.	The	concrete	slab	needed	to	be	watertight	to	ensure	the	
parked	cars	underneath	stayed	dry	as	well	as	durable	under	heavy	
and	constant	pressure	from	the	rigs.	A	precast/in	situ	composite	
deck	incorporating	KIM	was	used	to	waterproof	the	slab.	KIM	
not	only	increased	the	slab’s	durability	but	also	gave	the	concrete	
enhanced	freeze/thaw	durability	and	de-icing	salt	resistance.	




Kryton Distribution in                                                            AUTHORIZED
the United Kingdom                                                                DISTRIBUTOR
Kryton	is	distributed	in	Great	Britain	and	Ireland	by	                 England                           Ireland
I.C.C.T.	Ltd.	With	office	and	warehouse	locations	in	both	
England	and	The	Republic	of	Ireland	supporting	a	network	              I.C.C.T Ltd.                      I.C.C.T Ltd.
of	sub-distributors	and	Ready	Mix	companies,	Kryton	is	                Contact: Seamus Carr              Contact: Padraig Carr
well	positioned	to	support	projects,	large	and	small.	                 Tel: +44 2084-279222              Tel: +353 74-973-9011
                                                                       Fax: +44 2084-240509              Fax: +353 74-973-9600
Kryton	is	also	supported	in	the	UK	by	Gary Penk,	Territory	            Email: icct@kryton.co.uk          Email: info@kryton-ireland.com
Manager.	He	can	be	reached	at	gpenk@kryton.com	or	at	                  Website: www.kryton.co.uk         Website: www.kryton-ireland.com
+44(0) 7824-516788.

Check	out	www.kryton.com	to	see	other	areas	where	
Kryton	distributors	are	changing	concrete	construction	for	
the	better,	including	Europe,	South	East	Asia	and	Africa.

                                                                                                   Krystol® Magazine
Concrete Waterproofing
 that Works!
KIM® resists hydrostatic pressure up to 140m.


Using KIM® in your concrete can save you time and
money and replace the need to use costly and time
consuming surface applied membranes that can
often prove to be unreliable. Since 1973 Kryton has
helped architects, engineers and builders create dry,
waterproof concrete using Krystol Technology.

Our waterproofing admixture, KIM®, is faster, more
reliable and costs 25% less than using traditional
waterproofing systems. KIM® is backed by the
industry’s longest warranty.

For more information on the longest standing            Custom bags for added quality control
crystalline waterproofing admixture jobs in the
world, visit us online at www.kryton.com or
call us at 1 800 267 8280 or
+1 604 324 8280.
                                                                     Certified to                         CERTIFICATE No 05/4217
                                                                    NSF/ANSI 61
                                                        ®




                                                                                    At the Lab. In the Field. By Your Side.

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Krystol Magazine 13.2

  • 1. Kryst l Magazine ® ® www.kryton.com Leaders in Integral Crystalline Waterproofing Volume 13 | Issue 2 Waterproofing the Madushan Dam Modernizing Nuclear Power Construction Standards Green Vegas PLUS: Kryton Increases Their Global Presence Spotlight on the United Kingdom Krystol® Magazine
  • 2. Concrete Waterproofing that Works! Stop using unreliable membranes to waterproof your concrete. Since 1973 Kryton has helped architects, engineers and builders create dry, waterproof concrete using Krystol technology. Our waterproofing admixture, KIM®, is faster, more reliable ® and costs 25% less than using traditional waterproofing systems. KIM is backed by the industry’s longest warranty. For more information on the longest standing crystalline waterproofing admixture jobs in the world, visit us online at www.kryton.com or call us at 1.800.267.8280 or 604.324.8280. ort No. 1 in Technical Supp ® At the Lab. In the Field. By Your Side.
  • 3. Contents Volume 13 | Issue 2 4 Top 10 Things to Look for When Selecting Your Waterproofing Solution 10 6 Waterproofing the Madushan Dam 8 By Your Side 8 Test Your Knowledge 9 CEO Column — Modernizing Nuclear Power Construction Standards Krystol® Magazine is printed twice a year 10 Keeping Water Tanks Watertight by Kryton International Inc. 1645 East Kent Avenue Vancouver, BC V5P 2S8 Canada 12 Kryton News www.kryton.com For information about this publication or 13 Ask a Kryton Expert about Kryton International Inc., write to the above address, phone 604-324-8280 or 1-800-267-8280, or email 13 Green Vegas info@kryton.com. Copyright © 2010 Kryton International Inc. 14 Kryton in the United Kingdom All rights reserved. Editors/Contributors Jillian Work Kari Yuers Al Polonuk Alex Emlyn Sheila Dong 6 Design/Production Yvonne Lee Printed in Canada by Rebel Communications Group Krystol® Magazine
  • 4. 0 Top Things to Look For When Selecting Your Waterproofing Solution When a building project calls for non-pressure situations. However, repair locations. In addition, because absolutely watertight waterproofing – are easily overcome by hydrostatic the structures are often buried and pools, underground parking garages, pressure, allowing water and the membranes are located on the aquariums, water tanks or similar contaminants in. Membranes can other side of the wall, access is structures – builders, developers, provide adequate protection as restricted. Many repair systems, such architects and engineers need to know long as they have been installed as injections, can make the situation the options available, and what works with pristine workmanship; but any worse if they push the membrane best where. pinhole or separated seam can lead off the structure or cause a seam to leaks. Crystalline waterproofing to split. In contrast, crystalline In waterproofing concrete, there are systems withstand very high waterproofing systems have different types of systems, some of which may have distinct advantages hydrostatic pressure, improving over compatible repair systems for cracks over other systems. time and providing continuous self- that are effectively and reliably sealing capabilities. installed from either side. Here are the top 10 things to look for when selecting your 3. Could you easily repair leaks if 4. Can you easily get skilled and waterproofing solution: you needed to? experienced trades people to Leaking membrane systems are apply the waterproofing? 1. Are you on a tight construction extremely difficult and often You need to have confidence in your schedule? impossible to repair. Water can travel trades people – no matter what Waterproofing systems like between the membrane and the wall waterproofing solution you choose. membranes typically require a well- until it finds an opening, the location But you can mitigate the risks by prepared surface prior to application. of a leak does not necessarily indicate choosing a system that makes their Some require the concrete to have the location of the membrane breach. jobs easier. Integral crystalline been cured for 28 days. All surface This makes it challenging to identify waterproofing systems eliminate applied systems require time for workers to complete the preparation and application. Internal systems, like crystalline waterproofing, are integrated into the concrete mix during batching and require no labour or preparation on-site. This can save a significant amount of time and money and even shorten your construction schedule. 2. Will the concrete be subjected to hydrostatic pressure? Water repelling products are inexpensive and can be effective in reducing water absorption in The TreePeople cistern needed a permanent waterproofing solution because landscaping overtop would make repairs almost impossible. www.kryton.com
  • 5. 9. Do you require expert advice and support? Be sure to choose a waterproofing system that has a track record of being supported by the local distributor as well as the manufacturer. Proper support should include reviews of project specific designs and details, clear literature on the product or system, application instructions, training, online help, and site visits. Suppliers should be available and always willing to help. 10. Does the manufacturer have a long history of success? Any waterproofing system that you should consider trusting to protect your structure should be proven to be Skilled tradespeople on this jobsite at the Cowichan Pool in Duncan, B.C., received training effective over a long period of time. and support throughout the waterproofing process. Your structure and its waterproofing the need for labour as the product 7. Are you seeking LEED system is undoubtedly intended to is integrated into the concrete mix. certification for your project? last for many years. Choose a system Membranes and other surface applied A LEED point can be achieved as a that has stood the test of time. Also result of using innovation in design be sure to choose a manufacturer products can require highly skilled and some crystalline waterproofing that has demonstrated a strong labour, increasing the chances that systems can contribute towards commitment to stand behind its mistakes will occur. your LEED credits because of products in the long term. 5. Are you trying to build within their innovative nature. Be aware tight property lines or make the that many membrane systems are most effective use of your building petroleum-based and applied using adhesives with high volatile organic site area? compounds. Membranes can also Using surface applied products restrict the concrete’s ability to be normally requires access space on recycled when the structure’s useful the outside of the concrete. This life is over. can prevent you from building right up to the property line. Integral 8. Does your concrete include waterproofing systems do not require rough or irregular surfaces or on-site installation so allow you to unusual shaping? build tight to the property lines, The more irregular the architectural potentially giving you more building shape the more difficult the area and flexibility in the design. application process becomes for surface applied systems like adhered 6. Will the concrete be in contact membranes and bentonite sheets. with potable water? Surface applied systems require If the structure you are building will meticulous workmanship to achieve a hold potable water, you need to be perfect seal when working with fancy sure that the waterproofing system architectural designs. Liquid applied you choose is safe for contact with coatings and integral waterproofing The Underwater World Aquarium in Australia the water. Any such system should admixtures are more effectively used needed a waterproofing solution that could be certified safe for contact with to waterproof irregular shapes resist hydrostatic pressure from within the tank drinking water by NSF International. and forms. and outside in the Yarra River. KIM installed in 2000. Krystol® Magazine
  • 6. Waterproofing the Madushan Dam The Madushan hydroelectric dam is due to inclement weather on-site. An example of this occurred in 2005 located on the Red River in Yunnan The owner was also already moving when the Taum Sauk pumped storage Province, People’s Republic forward on an expansion project plant in Missouri, U.S.A., experienced of China. With a height of 107 on the dam, building additional a failure in its upper dam. A computer metres, length of 353 metres and infrastructure and increasing its software problem, in tandem with a water capacity of 552 million overall capacity. It would be a busy a preexisting leakage issue in the cubic metres, it is a major dam that site, and repair work needed to concrete, led to more than four provides electricity to hundreds of happen as quickly, efficiently and million cubic metres of water topping thousands of people. effectively as possible. the dam walls and being released into the river below over a 12 minute When cracks in the dam’s upstream Because concrete will crack if concrete walls began to surface due not properly placed or cured, to immense hydrostatic pressure, waterproofing with a trusted and the structure’s owners – Red guaranteed system provides extra River Guangyuan Hydropower protection for dam walls and the Development Co. Ltd. – knew they steel rebar reinforcements within. were up against a massive challenge. If water enters cracks in concrete, The dam needed to remain in it can damage the reinforcing steel service, making planning and co- below the concrete surface. As the ordination difficult for trades. In steel corrodes, it expands, which addition, the owner had concerns that leads to further cracking and water traditional membrane waterproofing ingress. Over time, the concrete and polyurethane coating systems deteriorates and fails – this can result wouldn’t be effective or easy to use in devastating floods. Before crews could start on waterproofing the Madushan Dam, more than 1.3 million cubic metres of earth were excavated. www.kryton.com
  • 7. period. The concrete walls had been exposure to water, salts or other waterproofed with a traditional contaminants and are not affected membrane system but had been by UV rays or extreme temperatures. leaking over a prolonged period of Finally, integral systems are a green time. Because of the leak, the concrete solution – they can extend the walls had weakened and slumped, serviceable life of structures and also lowering the point at which the walls allow the concrete to be recycled after would be overtopped by water. its useful life is over. For hydroelectric dams, which are a green form of energy, integral Crews prepared the surface of the walls prior to applying T1 and T2. waterproofing systems make sense. later in the life of the concrete, the incoming water will trigger further The construction crystal growth, keeping the structure team chose watertight over its lifespan. They Hangzhou Guo recognized the system would not only Dian Dam Safety fix the cracks, but would increase the Engineering Co, resistance of chloride penetration Kryton’s distributor into the concrete and improve the in China, to provide structure’s overall durability. Krystol T1 and T2 – a surface-applied Krystol T1 and T2 is a two-step crystalline slurry integral system that is brush-applied coat system – as well onto existing concrete structures. Crews applied T1 and T2 to the dam’s walls as Krystol Waterstop Once applied, the crystals grow deep to prevent water leakage and increase the Grout for the joints and cracks. into the existing concrete. durability of the structure. Kryton’s Krystol line of products To enhance the safety of these contain crystals that grow and fill A total of 12,000 square metres of structures, more and more naturally occurring pores and cracks concrete have been treated with governments and hydro companies in concrete, providing permanent approximately 40 tonnes of Kryton’s are turning to integral crystalline waterproof protection. If cracks form T1 and T2 system. waterproofing manufacturers for help – which is exactly what happened Did You Know? after the Taum Sauk failure. Kryton China is home to the largest hydroelectric dam in the world – the Three Gorges International Inc. was brought on Dam. Spanning the Yangtze River, the dam wall is 2,309 metres long, 185 metres board to provide crack repair and high and 115 metres thick at its base. In all, more than 27 million cubic metres of surface treatment to repair the concrete and 463,000 tonnes of steel were used to build the wall. damage that had been done by the leaking membrane system. In the case The dam contains 32 main electricity generators, six of which are still of the Madushan Dam, Kryton was under construction. In just one year of operation, the dam generated the solution again. enough electricity to cover more than one third of its building costs. Integral systems can add decades to the life of a concrete structure. Unlike membrane systems that can deteriorate over time, integral systems become part of the concrete matrix, waterproofing from the inside out. This gives these systems added reliability over other waterproofing systems as they cannot be punctured or torn. In addition, integral systems won’t be worn away by constant Krystol® Magazine
  • 8. By Your Side When Kryton was brought on Kryton’s China office, led by Helen travelled to the site on the Red board to waterproof the Madushan Qiao and Tian Dapeng, delivered River at the beginning of the repair Dam through its distributor, a presentation on crystalline work and provided hands-on Hangzhou Guo Dian Dam Safety waterproofing and its direct benefits training for the applicators to ensure Engineering Company, it began for the dam to an audience made the Krystol T1 and T2 products developing a comprehensive strategy up of the dam owners from Red were used correctly. to provide full service support to the River Guangyuan Hydropower on-site crews. Development Company. Tian also The By Your Side support continued overseas at Kryton’s technical headquarters in Canada. Kryton’s team of researchers, scientists, engineers and market and product experts provided technical support throughout the waterproofing work, answering questions on product capabilities and application techniques. For more information about Kryton’s By Your Side service, visit www.kryton.com. Kryton provides a training demonstration in China. Test Your Knowledge! A. The tallest dam in the world D. One-third of the world’s is the Nurek Dam in Tajikistan. countries rely on hydropower for It is: their electricity supply. Large dams 1. 150 metres high generate this percentage of the 2. 210 metres high world’s total electricity supply: 3. 300 metres high 1. 8% 4. 440 metres high 2. 15% 3. 19% B. The earliest known dam is 4. 23% situated in Jawa, Jordan and is dated back to: E. In order to build the Hoover 1. 3,000 BC Dam, workers laboured non-stop, 2. 1,200 BC both day and night, for two years F. The largest man-made lake 3. 110 AD to prevent uneven curing of the in the United States was created 4. 1,400 AD concrete. In all, this much concrete by the: was poured to build the dam: 1. Daniel Johnson Dam C. The world’s largest known 1. 1 million tons 2. Inguri Dam beaver dam is: 2. 3 million tons 3. Glen Canyon Dam 1. 466 metres 3. 5 million tons 4. Hoover Dam 2. 652 metres 4. 7 million tons 3. 822 metres 4. 1,097 metres A. 3; B. 1; C. 3; D. 3; E. 4; F. 4 Answers: www.kryton.com
  • 9. CEO Column Modernizing Nuclear Power Construction Standards by Kari Yuers At the recent American Concrete about standards and safety that must be concrete and concrete structures. Institute (ACI) convention in Chicago, addressed before the public is reassured Currently, different versions of standards the National Institute for Standards and that nuclear power is safe power. It raises and different dates of standards are being Technology gave a presentation to the concerns as well in the construction cited by various regulatory agencies. Board to ask for the ACI’s collaboration industry that those regulations not and support in revamping standards override the economics of producing As a global industry, we need to come for the concrete construction of nuclear nuclear power. together to make the necessary changes power stations. What became apparent to our codes and standards, ensuring the as we listened to the goals that need to Construction standards and safety nuclear power stations that are be achieved to even begin construction have changed radically since the first built around the world are durable, is the tremendous amount of work that commercial nuclear power stations were reliable and safe. needs to be done to incorporate 30 years built in the 1950s. Construction of any of technology and process change. There new nuclear facility must be based on can be no conflicts among all of these alignment with up-to-date standards standards and codes. And standards and and codes cited in the US Nuclear codes need to be agreed upon by the Regulatory Commission’s regulatory appropriate regulatory bodies on very documents. But a large part of those tight timelines. codes and standards have not been updated since the 1980s. Can we catch The time crunch is in part due to US up in time, and with sufficient input and President Obama’s administration deliberation, to re-assure the public, and approving an $8.3 billion conditional the construction industry? loan guarantee to start building the first nuclear power plants in the US in more There are more than 6,000 standards and Nuclear power facilities like this one in the than three decades. That kind of incentive codes cited for constructing a Generation UK are going to become a more familiar is good news for the global concrete III reactor. About 600 of those standards sight after the United States approved new industry. But it also raises concerns and codes relate to concrete, reinforced construction. Krystol® Magazine
  • 10. Failed epoxy injection in this 30 year old water tank led to substantial cracking requiring repairs. Keeping Water Tanks Watertight The average lifespan of a concrete water How to Repair a Water Tank First, check the exterior walls of the tank is 25 to 40 years. Over that time, tank (if accessible) for visible leaks. Water tanks should be inspected by a the concrete resists constant hydrostatic Old epoxy injection repairs can fail, professional engineer every one to two pressure of varying degrees from the leading to degradation of not only the years. The engineer will examine the inside and outside, is in contact with concrete but the steel reinforcement tank for signs of rebar corrosion, analyze chlorine in water that softens its surface, inside the structure’s walls. Next, look crack patterns in your structure, evaluate and will develop cracks due to drying, the overall condition of the concrete shrinkage and settling. These conditions, and determine whether the tank should in tandem with concrete’s natural be repaired or replaced altogether. You porosity, can lead to leaks, corrosion and should plan to shut your tank down for a reduced service life. up to two days to drain, clean and inspect all the surfaces. So how do you repair a deteriorating water tank? What is the best way to keep Once the tank has been drained and the water in and contaminants out for the disinfected with chlorinated solution and longest period of time possible? And, how pressure washer, you are ready to begin do you protect the steel reinforcement looking for problem areas. within the concrete walls? This tank lid was not sealed properly, leading to water leakage from the inside out. 0 www.kryton.com
  • 11. at the support columns inside the tank. These columns often corrode at the base where they are thoroughly saturated by water. In severe cases, the concrete may be worn away, leaving exposed rebar that needs to be protected. Consult an engineer before removing deteriorated concrete from columns, especially if this requires chipping inside the rebar cage. Also look for honeycombing on the outside and inside of the concrete walls. Poorly consolidated concrete can lead to honeycombing and these areas will actively leak unless repaired. Finally, check the tank lid. Too often, water tank lids are not waterproofed or sealed. This can result in contaminated standing water on the outside of the tank making its Over time, this support column corroded at the base exposing the rebar reinforcements. way into the water in the tank – a major health hazard. How Age Affect Repairs you make that decision. If the concrete surface is relatively sound but is showing Ensure all cracks and defects are repaired The older the water tank, the more likely signs of deterioration, resurfacing the with a waterproofing solution. Once repairs and maintenance are going to walls can protect the concrete from complete, disinfect the structure again be required. Extra precaution needs to further deterioration. with a chlorinated solution and pressure be taken when repairing the tank if the washer. This will ensure the tank is ready concrete is older. When cleaning the tank to hold any type of water including The Old vs New Way of with a pressure washer, older concrete is potable water. When the tank has been more likely to become loose and fall away. Waterproofing successfully cleaned, fill it with two inches You need to be prepared to place new Traditionally, concrete tanks have not of water, drain the water and then fill concrete in these areas. The engineer you incorporated a waterproofing system again completely. bring on your project will be able to help until a problem has surfaced. Cracks have been filled with Oakum to stop water flow, epoxy coatings have been applied or polyurethane plastic liners have been welded together inside the tank to block water leakage. While these methods may have provided temporary relief, none have proven as effective as integral crystalline waterproofing. Cracks and defects repaired with crystalline systems will outlast traditional epoxy or urethane repairs. Crystalline repairs can also be complemented by applying a full crystalline surface treatment to protect the concrete walls from further damage. Using integral systems for water tank repairs can protect tanks from deterioration and extend the structure’s service life, provided that the repairs are made before the deterioration becomes too severe. Because of this, the popularity of crystalline systems is booming and water tanks around the world are standing the test of time. This concrete was poorly consolidated, leading to honeycombing and leaking. Krystol® Magazine
  • 12. Kryton News Four New She’s a Jolly Distributors for Good Fellow Kryton products Kryton CEO and President Kari Yuers has been honoured by the In line with Kryton’s dedication to and American Concrete Institute (ACI) focus on distributors, the company has with the designation of Fellow. appointed four new distributors to its She was introduced with other international network. new ACI Fellows in Chicago at the Institute’s spring 2010 convention. Kryton has a new Canadian partner Kari was awarded the title for her located in Ontario. Form and Build outstanding contributions to the Supply has been in business for more production of concrete materials and than 35 years, distributing concrete products and her commitment to related products across the province. concrete education, research, design, It has offices in multiple cities in the construction and management. She province including London, Mississauga, joins 731 other Fellows nominated by Kitchener, Windsor and Hamilton. the Institute since it established the honour in 1973. In south America, Kryton’s products are now being distributed by Brazil’s Lwart Kari is also the chair of the ACI’s Convention Committee and a member of the Quimica, headquartered in Sao Paulo. ACI Educational Activities Committee, ACI Financial Advisory Committee, Emil Fehr, Marketing Manager at Lwart ACI Committees 212 Chemical Admixtures, E701 Materials for Concrete had this to say about the partnership. Construction, E702 Design of Concrete Structures and 362 Parking Structures. “Lwart has been known in South America for asphalt based waterproofing products for many years and we were looking for new opportunities, especially promising technologies that could help us to expand our business, beyond asphalt products. Kryton Strengthens Position In the search we discovered Kryton, and after a period of tests and negotiations, in Middle East we have now begun distribution business in Brazil. We are very excited about this opportunity. The Brazilian economy is Kryton bolstered its position in the very good at the moment, especially with Middle East this February by appointing civil construction, and we are sure to find Fadi Farhat to the position of Territory many opportunities for Kryton products.” Manager. Farhat will be responsible for driving concrete waterproofing In Africa, Concrete Logistics will specifications as well as supporting new be providing Kryton’s products to construction and remedial rehabilitation companies building concrete structures around Nigeria. projects. He brings his background as a civil engineer and several years of Finally, Reliable Materials S.A., a Greek construction material experience to his company that deals with planning role at Kryton as well as a track record of and developing new products in the winning and developing major projects. construction industry, will be the exclusive distributor of Kryton products The move is reflective of Kryton’s to projects and sites in Greece, Albania, ongoing commitment to the area and will Bulgaria, Romania and Serbia. The main allow the company to provide additional distribution centre will be the company’s technical concrete waterproofing support central location in Thessaloniki. to its customers in the region. 2 www.kryton.com
  • 13. Ask a Kryton Expert! In the 12 years since its creation, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has been used in more than 14,000 projects across 30 countries. So what do you need to do to become LEED certified and why should you consider it? We ask these questions and more to Kryton’s certified LEED-AP Alexandra Emlyn. Q: Why should a developer pursue LEED? Q: How do you go about being I think the three key reasons for pursuing LEED LEED certified? are building longevity, selling power and human Once you decide to pursue LEED certification and satisfaction. If you put the money and planning up what level you want to achieve (Certified, Silver, front, then you will have a better quality building that Gold or Platinum), register with your national green lasts longer in the end. By achieving LEED, you can building council. You will pay your upfront fees and in increase your profits and bolster your professional exchange be given your certification level requirements reputation. Finally, you create buildings that people and access to an online library of forms to use during actually want to be in. They have better air ventilation your construction. Documentation is a key part of systems, lighting and are simply healthier environments certification and forms must be filled out for every for the people who use them. LEED point you are trying to achieve. Q: Are integral crystalline waterproofing Hiring a LEED-AP early on will ensure you are given systems the only waterproofing systems sound advice and guidance throughout the process. that can contribute to achieving The LEED-AP will also certify your documentation and data prior to you submitting it to the council LEED points? for review. Traditional membrane-type waterproofing systems will not earn you any LEED points due to the chemicals Once your structure is complete and forms have been they use and the inability for concrete to be recycled filled out and certified, submit your completed package after the membrane is placed. Integral crystalline to your national council for review. A final adjudication waterproofing systems can contribute to LEED points will determine how many points you have achieved and in three main categories: sustainable sites, indoor the associated LEED certification level. environmental quality and innovation and design process. Consult with a LEED-AP to The process seems daunting but in the end, you will get more information. have produced a building that is healthier, more durable and enjoyable to use. Green Vegas Did you know Kryton had a hand in waterproofing the world’s largest mixed-use new construction development to earn LEED certification? CityCenter in Las Vegas covers 76 acres and consists of hotels, retail, entertainment and residential facilities. The project relied on more than 60 LEED-AP’s through its five year design and construction process and has since been awarded six LEED Gold certifications for its various buildings. A total of 20,000 kilograms (44,000 pounds) of Kryton’s flagship product, KIM, was used in the project as well as other Kryton products. CityCenter was awarded 6 LEED Gold certifications Krystol® Magazine
  • 14. Kryton in the United Kingdom For the past decade, Kryton has been involved in the UK end of the tunnel with more investments returning to the market construction industry. During this time a lot has changed: and many new infrastructure projects commencing. This opens standards and codes have been tightened and demands for the door to concrete waterproofing opportunities. concrete products have fluctuated depending on economic times. The global economic downturn in recent years has had With a well-established ready mix channel in place that has significant effects in the UK’s concrete construction industry. In approximately 1,000 concrete batching plants across the country, 2008, concrete sales fell 20 per cent and dropped a further 28 per Kryton continues to be a valuable concrete waterproofing cent in 2009. In 2010, the industry started seeing the light at the partner for the industry. Olympic Canoe Slalom Course, London London’s Olympic Canoe Slalom Course will soon be paddled by the world’s best athletes. Part of Lee Valley White Water Centre, the 2012 Olympic course features computer designed substructure to ensure Olympic standard rapids and includes a competitive and training course. These courses are fed by a man-made 10,000 square metre lake that, with the help of high powered pumps, supply 15 cubic metres of water per second. The structure integrates 800 cubic metres of concrete containing 5,600 kilograms of Krystol Internal Membrane (KIM). Effective and guaranteed waterproofing is critical for any structure integrating such water volume and pressure. KIM ensures the course will remain accessible to and safe for athletes and visitors long after the Olympics are over. Longwood Home, Hale Located in one of Cheshire’s desired neighbourhoods, Longwood on Hilltop is a mansion that showcases luxury and contemporary living. The six bedroom six bathroom home features a variety of amenities, including a swimming pool, greenroom, sauna and spa, gym, cinema, games room and office. Before construction, the development team extensively researched reliable waterproofing systems that could adapt to the area’s geographical challenges. Their research led them to Kryton’s KIM waterproofing solution. KIM was added to the concrete formwork in the basement. Nearing completion, the mansion will be put on the market for approximately £4 million. One Housing Group, Stratford One Housing Group has embarked on a development tower that will be a featured part of the tall buildings that form a gateway of Stratford City and the 2012 Olympic sites. This tower is composed of 17 floors and will feature 113 residential units, commercial units, communal gardens and a courtyard. One major task during construction involved waterproofing the building’s water tanks and basement. This was a challenge due to the building’s innovative design, which included an awkward perimeter and steel sheet pilings on all sides. To deal with this, the design team used 250 cubic metres of KIM mixed concrete and another 150 lineal metres of the Krystol Waterstop System. The redevelopment is now on track and, at £20 million, on budget. www.kryton.com
  • 15. Central Street, London Touted as one of the largest land deals in Central London, Central Street is a residential and commercial hub covering seven blocks and two acres. The development, which ranges between five and ten stories, consists of 274 homes and 4,500 square metres of commercial space. It is not only a landmark development for the area but also a key project for Kryton as it is one of the largest basement waterproofing projects ever undertaken by the company in the UK. Approximately 3,500 cubic metres of KIM concrete was used in the basement and 1,000 lineal metres of the Krystol Waterstop System were used on the joints. Waterproofing work began in April and is expected to be complete in August. Supermarket, Walsall When it came to waterproofing the service yard area of West Midland’s new £17 million supermarket development, Kryton was a simple choice for concrete flooring contractor Snowden Flooring Limited. The 2,600 metre square service yard, located on the first floor of the building with car parking below would be used by articulated lorries, or big rigs, when delivering goods to the store. The concrete slab needed to be watertight to ensure the parked cars underneath stayed dry as well as durable under heavy and constant pressure from the rigs. A precast/in situ composite deck incorporating KIM was used to waterproof the slab. KIM not only increased the slab’s durability but also gave the concrete enhanced freeze/thaw durability and de-icing salt resistance. Kryton Distribution in AUTHORIZED the United Kingdom DISTRIBUTOR Kryton is distributed in Great Britain and Ireland by England Ireland I.C.C.T. Ltd. With office and warehouse locations in both England and The Republic of Ireland supporting a network I.C.C.T Ltd. I.C.C.T Ltd. of sub-distributors and Ready Mix companies, Kryton is Contact: Seamus Carr Contact: Padraig Carr well positioned to support projects, large and small. Tel: +44 2084-279222 Tel: +353 74-973-9011 Fax: +44 2084-240509 Fax: +353 74-973-9600 Kryton is also supported in the UK by Gary Penk, Territory Email: icct@kryton.co.uk Email: info@kryton-ireland.com Manager. He can be reached at gpenk@kryton.com or at Website: www.kryton.co.uk Website: www.kryton-ireland.com +44(0) 7824-516788. Check out www.kryton.com to see other areas where Kryton distributors are changing concrete construction for the better, including Europe, South East Asia and Africa. Krystol® Magazine
  • 16. Concrete Waterproofing that Works! KIM® resists hydrostatic pressure up to 140m. Using KIM® in your concrete can save you time and money and replace the need to use costly and time consuming surface applied membranes that can often prove to be unreliable. Since 1973 Kryton has helped architects, engineers and builders create dry, waterproof concrete using Krystol Technology. Our waterproofing admixture, KIM®, is faster, more reliable and costs 25% less than using traditional waterproofing systems. KIM® is backed by the industry’s longest warranty. For more information on the longest standing Custom bags for added quality control crystalline waterproofing admixture jobs in the world, visit us online at www.kryton.com or call us at 1 800 267 8280 or +1 604 324 8280. Certified to CERTIFICATE No 05/4217 NSF/ANSI 61 ® At the Lab. In the Field. By Your Side.