1. Why Mobile Matters
The Cultural Significance
of On‐the‐Go Connectivity
image: papadont
mobile engagement trends
an ePaper by Sidneyeve Matrix
social media design + build

2. image: Stephan Geyer
abstract
In this ePaper we explore the cultural significance of on‐the‐go connectivity via
mobile phones, with the aim of identifying the most impactful trends for mobile
marketing and communications.
We begin with a roundup of five key mobile consumer habits. Next, after
pointing to some cross‐demographic trends, we focus on a number of
consumer segments from “techno‐tots” to “silver surfers” and describe how
and why they reach for cell/smart phones (and tablets) as everyday
communications technologies. Finally, we identify a range of mobile marketing
objectives, content, and campaign ideas designed to motivate different types of
mobile engagements.
This research is also available as an on‐demand webinar.1
.2.

3. mobile marketing
& the necessity to compete
image: johncatral
introduction
A recent survey by R2 Integrated asked marketers why mobile matters
from their perspective. 2 Respondents identified the top three reasons
for launching a mobile campaign as lead generation, direct sales, and a
perceived necessity to compete in the mobile marketplace.
To compete in this space it’s necessary to have a clear picture of
emergent forms and patterns of mobile media use. In other words, we
need to understand how and why mobile matters to consumers.
Being precise about the uniqueness of mobile consumer behavior
patterns, how they are distinct from online media use habits, will spark
ideas for innovative mobile communications campaigns that add value
for users and achieve measurable results.
.3.

4. a connected citizenry
always on on the go
&
Increasingly today people are living digitally tethered yet location‐
independent lifestyles and engaging in nomadic work styles.
Correspondingly, we see an upswing in smartphone, laptop,
netbook, and tablet adoptions. The most in‐demand of these
devices offer the most multifunctionality‐‐‐enabling mobile
connectivity plus a variety of geo‐utilities.
In response, users embrace portable computing habits, develop
agile information desires and needs, and practice new modes of
mobile engagement.
Let’s consider some examples.
image: Valerie Everett

5. .5 .
1immediacy
modes of mobile engagement: 5 key trends
increasing
Today society and the economy are
moving at an ever greater velocity
largely because of mobile and social,
digital and networked technologies.
That’s giving rise to a complexly
connected real‐time digital culture
wherein we see new notions of value
based on immediacy and instantaneity.
In other words, we want our
information and connectivity and we
want them now. In fact for many, real
time is not fast enough, to quote Jeremy
Owyang.3
As a result, trends in real‐time search
and social networking are quickly
ramping up. For marketing and
communications professionals that
means ensuring campaigns and sites are
accessible on mobile devices and
optimized for SEO has never been more
crucial.
Quickly findable, fast‐
loading, painless to
navigate in a hurry, and
ready to share in an
instant. That’s mobile‐
optimized content.
. .

6.
2location‐aware
becoming
image: ntr23
Mobile technology and wi‐fi
connectivity reconfigures
social and urban spaces.
As Chris Thorp observed, GPS
digital sociability has the
e f f e c t o f m a k i n g t h e
anonymous and impersonal,
such as the city street,
personal again. 4
Thus we see the emergence
of the geotagged city,
wherein services like Yelp
mean establishments gain
increased transparency. And
because of the power of P2P
recommendations and how they affect purchase decisions, we can say with
confidence that geosocial networking is changing the relationship of clients to the
marketplace.
The task for mobile marketing and communications is to increase campaign and
brand georelevance for on‐the‐go users. Ensuring business is geolocation ready and
discoverable to GPS/LBS apps is critical,
because if you’re not on the map, you’re invisible.
modes of mobile engagement: 5 key trends .6.

7. 3 ambient
accessibility
image: theCarol
Mobile technologies profoundly impact our relationships. When friends and family
cannot be physically in proximity, and often even when we are in shared spaces,
users will opt for the ambient accessibility of text‐connect. Mobile phones allow
people to maintain a sense of connected presence, and as such they can be said to
extend (and even enrich) communities and relationships. We use our cell‐ and
smart‐phones to participate in social events and each other’s lives.
Put differently, mobile phones are technologies for social cohesion.
For marketing and communications professionals, this means building on the
premise that that mobile phones are widely regarded as a social media lifeline. The
best mobile messaging truly “gets” the importance consumers place on mobile
phones as pass‐cards that unlock access to the important people in their lives, and
keys to their online reputation and public profiles.
Not just a phone, but a remote control for life.
modes of mobile engagement: 5 key trends .7.

8. 4 mobile
personalization
Mobile phones are widely regarded as the most personal digital device of all. They
hold so much intimate data that many people confess it would be more catastrophic
to lose their phone than their wallet.
Those devices are personalized in another way too: as users load up mobile devices
with apps, images, BBM/SMS, email, wallpapers, ringtones, music, podcasts, video,
passwords and account numbers, every phone becomes exquisitely and uniquely
configured‐‐‐mirroring a set of preferences specific to the owner. No two in‐use
phones are alike.
image: Ron Wiecki
As well, mobile phones and tablets are prime platforms for user‐generated
micromedia (UGM) and lifecasting (sharing status updates, photos, GPS checkins).
Not just lists of contacts and SMS, but photos, memos, documents, and more.
From a marketing and communications perspective, there has never been a better
time to design campaigns that enable mobile content creation and/or sharing those
digital assets. This is a key opportunity to introduce products and services as the
scaffolding supporting digital creativity and peer‐to‐peer UGM mobile experiences.
modes of mobile engagement: 5 key trends .8.

9.
5pleasure
connected
Although once we heard a lot of push‐back about BlackBerrys as electronic leashes,
and many consumers resisted owning a mobile phone for fear of being too accessible,
today a wide‐scale attitudinal shift has taken place, such that by and large connectivity
is valued and experienced as pleasurable.
image: foreverdigital
In fact surveys repeatedly confirm that always‐on access to friends and family lowers
stress and increases productivity at work. Our newly emerging mLifestyle habits and
rituals deliver comfort and security.
Mobile campaigns can capitalize on and add to those pleasures by delighting users
with entertaining and emotionally resonant campaigns. When designing for mobile,
think of the platform as
preconfigured with connected pleasure.
modes of mobile engagement: 5 key trends .9 .

10. mobile devices & demographics
audience segments
& cross‐generational engagement
image Rego
Mobile users are segmented by demographics and devices. It’s
important to have the right content on the right channel, such
that device and demo are in sync, and the message is best
positioned to reach its target.
But before we get to differences, there are three key cross‐
generational mobile trends worth considering, all of which will be
amplified with the arrival of the iPad.
They include: connected cocooning, media sharing, and texting.
.10 .

11. cross‐generation mobile trends:
connected cocooning
Not all mobile use is out of
home: the shift from landlines
to cellphone and mainstream
adoption of laptops, plus
growing household wi‐fi
adoption all add up to more
sofa surfing.
Today when families watch
television together it’s likely
some of those present are
semi‐fixated on their own
private handheld media
channel–‐with one eye on the
big screen. The New York
T i m e s c a l l s t h e t r e n d
connected cocooning, as
image by: Dr_Phil
individuals exist happily in
personalized media bubbles.5
For mobile marketing and communications, this means cross‐platform campaigns
are more likely to reach viewers who tend toward multi‐screen multi‐channel
multi‐tasking. If a TV spot is truly excellent, we know audiences will search for and
share it instantly with friends from their phone.
As well, a branded mobile and social TV extension to an existing television
campaign will engage connected couch‐surfers, inviting interaction with brands
and friend‐networks through texting or tweeting their spectatorship.
.11 .

12. cross‐gen trends:
media sharing
including senior surfers
The iPad is ushering in a new wave of media sharing, as the device is passed around
the dining room table and living room seating, connecting users across generations.
Importantly, this includes
seniors who find the larger
screen and keyboard more
accessible than most
smartphones.
According to AARP seniors
love the iPad and that’s
good news for mobile
6
messaging. If designing
cross‐generational
campaigns that include
these silver surfers, and for
senior‐specific mobile
initiatives, the iPad might
be the only device that image by: darcy1b
matters.
If that’s the case, a look back at how the Wii was marketed to this demographic
might be in order, to determine which discourses could be retrofit from Nintendo‐‐‐
famous for hitting a home run in retired communities.
Trends show wired seniors are flocking to social networking sites to fight boredom,
isolation and loneliness. Because social networking and mobile technologies go
hand in hand, senior‐specific social mobile iPad apps/services will find an audience.
.12 .

13. mobile marketing with
cross‐generational appeal
image DCvision2006
Gen X & Gen Y, digital boomers & silver surfers
In North America, about 70% of the population has a mobile phone.
72 ♥ texting % mobile phone users 7
across generations
The most active texters? Teens of course, not a surprise to anyone. What is a bit
more unexpected is just how popular texting is among more mature users—
60% of the 45+ demo are just as likely to send SMS as to make a voice call. 8
In a nutshell, texting campaigns work cross‐gen. That’s why of the ad dollars
allocated to mobile, estimates are that 85% is spent on SMS advertising. 9
An SMS campaign can also compliment spots on other media platforms. It can
effectively “activate” outdoor/TV or print ads with a call‐to‐action, assuming
most audiences have a phone within reach.
.13 .

14. mobile marketing and
audience segments &
men women
image: moriza
The sexes have much in common with mobile media use and just a few differences that
are significant to marketers.
Consuming: men make up a larger portion of mobile Web audience than women but
that gap is shrinking. 10 The top mobile websites for women are: shopping, social
11
networking, recipes, news and celebrity gossip. Women download more apps to their
12
phones than men do. Men watch more mobile TV than the fairer sex, largely due to
the fact that sports is the main driver of all mobile TV viewing.13
Communicating: Women “tweet” and “friend” 10% more than men according to
Nielsen. 14 However men consume a third more pages than women when on social
networking sites like Twitter and Facebook.15
Creating: Women snap, upload and tag more photographs from phonecams than
men do. This is why Kodak calls mom the chief memory officer for the family. 16
.14 .

15. image: j.o.h.n. walker
professionals & workshifting
mobile
Busy professionals need a particular suite of mobile functions and content
uniquely configured for doing business on the small screen. No surprise then
that the fastest growing categories of mobile apps (beyond social networking)
are all informational and organizational (rather than diversions) and related to
busy life‐ and work‐styles on the go. Weather information, news and sports
updates, mobile banking, and maps are among the top downloads.17
And we’re willing to pay for them, because these apps accelerate, simplify, and
organize busy lives and enable mobile productivity and communication. This is
increasingly the case with iPad apps, as buzz continues to mount about how the
device can serve as a laptop replacement for business travelers. 18
No surprise then that the mobile software market is experiencing a “gold rush”
on paid mobile apps according to research by the Yankee Group, as reported in
eMarketer. 19 In fact although revenue from US paid apps represents $1.6B at
present, industry analysts forecast that figure will reach $11B before 2015. 20
Is it time to develop or co‐sponsor a branded app?
.15 .

16. mobile marketing and audience segments
raising the iGeneration
iPhone Moms
Some of the top
ways digital moms
use their phones:
•finding product
information,
•health research,
•price comparisons,
•leisure shopping,
•and staying organized.
Moms use phones as
multipurpose shopping and
mobile lifestyle, For more ideas on marketing to digital moms using
entertainment and social and mobile media platforms please see my ePaper:
21 “How to ‘Click’ with Millennial Moms”
productivity tools. image: lankforddl
on slideshare.net, scribd.com, and cyberpopblog.com.24
22
Today 7 out of 10 babies born are to millennial moms. Surveys show that these
digital moms are exceptionally technosavvy, adept at participating in the mobile
23
and social web, and more likely to use social media than average adults.
Interestingly, 36% of digital moms have a smartphone‐‐‐that is considerably
higher than general population, where we see about 20‐25% smartphone use.
.16 .

17. image: Paul Mayne
smartphone as digital pacifier
41% iPhone moms download apps for their techno‐tots25
Millennial moms understand that
mobile diversions fill moments of microboredom
as they soothe, distract, and delight kids (and parents too!). For marketing and
communications pros this means sponsoring, co‐branding, and developing
mobile educational games, entertaining or informational apps for the
iGeneration and their millennial moms makes sense.
.17 .

18. mobile culture, mCommerce
digital primacy and mobile proclivities
image: atmtx
Today the behavioral shift that Razorfish calls digital primacy involves
users looking to the web first to satisfy their information and
communication needs. 26 As smartphone adoption increases, digital
primacy gives rise to mobile proclivities‐‐‐users becoming more adept
at accessing data.
For B2C mobile marketers, this means having an in‐store mobile
strategy becomes more important. Because social shopping trends are
emerging, whether brands officially support them or not.
Digital primacy means shoppers are interested in in‐store QR code
campaigns to access an added layer of information about products on
shelves, as well as wish‐list apps, mobile gift registries, mobile‐
optimized flyers and mCoupons.
. 18.

19. image: Steve Kay
driving behavior
& mobile engagements
By delivering highly personalized incentives to a person’s mobile
phone impressions are likely to be high. The question becomes,
what kinds of behaviors are you seeking to drive? 27
To spark your imagination, let’s consider some mobile campaign
objectives targeting different kinds of mobile engagement.
.19.

20. image: iskanderbenamor
event participation
We can use mobile campaigns to encourage participation in contests and
promotional events. For event planners, the branded app is quickly becoming a
must‐have part of the standard promo package for big ticket cultural events. In
2010, The Super Bowl, Mardi Gras and the Vancouver Olympics used and inspired
legions of branded mobile apps to optimize publicity and participation.
If it’s well‐designed with an intuitive interface, a themed app encourages
anticipation for and interest in your event. However informational the utility is
though, the core of the app should still be social, enabling and encouraging
interaction with friends. 28
.20.

21. image: nan palmero
check‐ins
If the goal is to expand databases through growing
membership in loyalty programs, it’s good to consider
29
the mobile phone is fast becoming the new loyalty card.
Whether through geosocial‐networking
“mayorship” check‐in rewards or in‐store short‐
code texting promotions, invite your regulars to
receive mobile notification of insider tips,
reminders, e‐coupons news and specials.
Because with every check‐in, consumers
narrowcast the news about their purchase
habits and travels to their GPS friend network.
.21.

22. .22.
If your marketing and communications objective is to increase online
traffic to a website 0r foot traffic to a brick and mortar location, a
mobile campaign can be effective. Mobile messaging puts
promotions directly into the purse or pocket of your target market,
potentially when they are at key influence points (such as in the
vicinity or in‐aisle, or leisure browsing on their smartphone).
And call it “textual satisfaction,” digital curiosity, or just ingrained
habit, but SMS is more likely to be opened than any other direct
response vehicle. 30 Perhaps this is why text e‐coupon redemption
rates continue to rise.
And geofencing is catching on, a form of promotional proximity
targeted to connected consumers on‐the‐go and in your area. Virtual
storefronts and geosocial fields around any venue can be used to
trigger push notifications of news, events, and promotions to
passers by.
image: victoriapeckham
driving mobile engagement
increasing your mobile & foot traffic

23. .23.
If your goal is to build sustained relationships between brands and consumers, the most
obvious mobile marketing option is an appvert or sponsored mobile game which, if it’s
compelling enough, offers continuous engagement and interactivity. This is the route New
Balance took with their “365” video campaign‐‐‐an alarm clock app enabling users to wake
31
up to a different video short featuring new footwear designs on their iPhone each day.
Another idea for driving sustained engagement is to follow the lead of mobile health
researchers and organizations who are using digital tech and social media for social good.
Examples abound of mobile peer networks wherein participants opt‐in to SMS‐based
support groups to help manage diabetes, stop smoking, or lose weight.
Also inspiring, Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center’s “text in the city” campaign is an
example of a mobile messaging initiative where users can ask questions about sexual
health and get replies in 24 hours from professionals. And there’s Johnson and Johnson’s
“text 4 baby” campaign which delivers on‐demand information about maternal and infant
32
health via SMS.
Think about developing partnerships with non‐profits to launch branded mobile public
service type initiatives, which in some cases compliment corporate social responsibility
programs, and encourage sustained relationships and network development.
driving mobile engagement
sustained relationships
image: Nesster

24. supporting
brand advocacy
If an objective of your mobile campaign is to encourage brand affinity and advocacy,
providing an occasion for peer‐to‐peer interactivity and content sharing is key. Ask for
retweets. Support photosharing. Invite votes in a mobile opinion poll and show results
on the handset‐‐‐if your poll is interesting enough it could be a conversation starter.
Follow the example of Bass Pro
Shops and create a branded and image: Josh Self
customizable e‐card or e‐coupon
for mobile gifting. They
launched a mobile campaign
enabling users to use their
phone to share a photo of the
fish they caught, with Facebook
friends, adding a message about
the gear they used. They could
also use the image as part of an
instant personalized digital gift
card to distribute on Facebook‐‐‐
inviting friends to visit Bass Pro
Shops and gear‐up before
hitting the lake to try for an even
bigger catch. 33
The phone is a social media lifeline‐‐‐get your brand involved in the ongoing
communication exchange between friends and family by becoming a tool to help
maintain closeness in interpersonal relationships.
And make it easy for your brand to get plotted on clients’ social graphs by ensuring that
all one‐click options supporting social relationship marketing are enabled‐‐‐Google Friend
Connect and the Facebook Like button and box for a start.
.24.

25. image: ismh_
conclusion
In the mobile e‐commerce ecosystem we see innovative
formats for delivering content, unique mobile consumer digital
proclivities, and new on‐the‐go digital information rituals,
needs and desires.
Together these trends encourage anyone seeking to
communicate on mobile platforms to reflect on which modes
of mobile engagement they are seeking to drive, how portable
technologies and media fit into the digital cultural
configurations, communities, and mLifestyles of their target
markets, and why mobile matters to consumers, clients, and
campaigns.
.25.

26. image: Daniel Y. Go
references
1. On‐demand webinar sponsored by DigitalCement.com and produced by MarketingProfs.com
available at: www. marketingprofs.com/marketing/online‐seminars/273
2. R2 Integrated Mobile Marketing Survey. 2010 www.r2integrated.com/Portals/21/PDFs/
Mobile_Survey.pdf
3. Jeremy Owyang, 2010 Altimeter Report: The 18 Use Cases of Social CRM www. web‐strategist.com/.../
altimeter‐report‐the‐18‐use‐cases‐of‐social‐crm‐the‐new‐rules‐of‐relationship‐management/
4. Chris Thorp. “On the Horizon of a Real‐time Networked Society” 2010. www. slideshare.net/jaggeree/
realtime
5. The New York Times. www. nytimes.com/2008/08/24/business/yourmoney/24every.html
6. AARP Does the iPad Have Senior Appeal? ‐ AARP Bulletin Today 22 April 2010. www. aarp.org/
technology/innovations/.../iPad_Senior_Appeal.html
7. According to Pew 2010 figures. www. brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=16797&news=Cell+phone
+Mobile+Twitter+Video+Pictures+Statistics+Survey+Pew
8. See www. bizreport.com/2010/01/older_generations_getting_to_grips_with_text_messaging.html
9. According to JP Morgan report mm. jpmorgan.com/stp/t/c.do?i=E8283‐
B8&u=a_p*d_423260.pdf*h_2tvncakf.
10. See blog. return2sender.ie/.../New‐Statistics‐Men‐dominate‐mobile‐web‐browsing.aspx
11. According to Orange 2010 Digital Media Index www. allbusiness.com/technology/software.../
14264412‐1.html
12. According to Myxer Females download twice as much mobile content www.
fiercemobilecontent.com/.../myxer...download.../2010‐05‐10
13. According to Orange, men watch more mobile television ipcarrier. blogspot.com/.../orange‐uk‐study‐
women‐send‐more.html
14. See blog. nielsen.com/...mobile/for‐social‐networking‐women‐use‐mobile‐more‐than‐men/
15. Orange mobile network's Digital Media Index 2010. cf note 11.
16. Women take, tag, and share more digital photos than men do, which is why Kodak calls mom the
chief memory officer for the family. cf note 13 also see Kodak VP interview www.businesswire.com/.../
Jeffrey‐Hayzlett‐Chief‐Marketing‐Officer‐VP‐Kodak
17. comScore review of the fastest growing categories of mobile apps www. comscore.com/
Press_Events/Press_Releases/2010/6/Social_Networking_Ranks_as_Fastest‐
Growing_Mobile_Content_Category
18. Buzz about iPad as laptop replacement for business travelers: Web 2.0: Have iPad, Will Travel ‐‐
InformationWeek www. informationweek.com/news/software/.../showArticle.jhtml?
. 26 .

27. 9. According to JP Morgan report https://mm.jpmorgan.com/stp/t/c.do?i=E8283‐
B8&u=a_p*d_423260.pdf*h_2tvncakf.
10. blog.return2sender.ie/.../New‐Statistics‐Men‐dominate‐mobile‐web‐browsing.aspx
11. According to Orange 2010 Digital Media Index www.allbusiness.com/technology/software.../
14264412‐1.html
12. According to Myxer Females download twice as much mobile content
www.fiercemobilecontent.com/.../myxer...download.../2010‐05‐10
13. According to Orange, men watch more mobile television ipcarrier.blogspot.com/.../orange‐uk‐
study‐women‐send‐more.html
14. blog.nielsen.com/...mobile/for‐social‐networking‐women‐use‐mobile‐more‐than‐men/
15. Orange mobile network's Digital Media Index 2010. cf note 11.
16. Women take, tag, and share more digital photos than men do, which is why Kodak calls mom
the chief memory officer for the family. cf note 13 also see Kodak VP interview
www.businesswire.com/.../Jeffrey‐Hayzlett‐Chief‐Marketing‐Officer‐VP‐Kodak
17. comScore review of the fastest growing categories of mobile apps http://
www.comscore.com/Press_Events/Press_Releases/2010/6/
Social_Networking_Ranks_as_Fastest‐Growing_Mobile_Content_Category
18. Buzz about iPad as laptop replacement for business travelers: Web 2.0: Have iPad, Will Travel ‐‐
InformationWeek www.informationweek.com/news/software/.../showArticle.jhtml?
19. Gold rush on paid apps. www. emarketer.com/Article.aspx?R=1007591
20. Revenue from US paid apps represents $1.6B at present, industry analysts at the Yankee Group at
forecast that figure will reach $11B by 2013.
21. Greystripe Mobile Advertising Insights Report: The iPhone Mom Q3 2009 www. greystripe.com/
wp.../GreystripeAdvertisingInsightsQ309.pdf
22. Pew "The New Demography of American Motherhood" 2010. pewsocialtrends.org/assets/pdf/
754‐new‐demography‐of‐motherhood.pdf
23. See for example, www.millennialmoms.com/MillennialMom101.pdf, and a recent study by
BIGresearch conducted for The Retail Advertising and Marketing Association.
marketingvox.com/retailers‐can‐lure‐moms‐with‐social‐media‐free‐stuff‐046001/ as well as
BabyCenter’s 2009 survey of 25,000 women, “The 21st Century Mom Report” www.
emarketer.com/PressRelease.aspx?R=1007531
24. My ePaper “Marketing to Millennial Moms” scribd. com/doc/33894068/Marketing‐to‐Millennial‐
Moms
25. cf note 21
26.Razorfish FEED Report 2009 “digital primacy” Razorfish 2009 FEED Report www. adpulp.com/
archives/2009/11/razorfish_2009.php
27. Thank you to Mark W. Schaefer for asking this question on his amazing {grow} blog:
businessesgrow.com/blog/
28. Michael Lazerow “Branded Applications: Holy Grail or Graveyard?” blogs. imediaconnection.com/
BlogDetail.aspx?BlogID=223
29. For an example of the mobile phone as loyalty card: impactmobile.com/news/coca‐cola‐turns‐
mobile‐pone‐into‐loyalty‐card‐with‐airbonus
30. See comments by Rob Beecroft of Ad.IQ in MarketingProfs whitepaper “Mobile Marketing
Success Stories” www. ingagenetworks.com/docs/marketingprofs‐mobilemarketing.pdf also see
A. M. Al‐alak Basheer, “Mobile Marketing: Examining the Impact of Trust” International Journal of
Business and Management (2010) www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijbm/article/view/4643/4419
31. For more on the New Balance video 365 iPhone app campaign: psfk. com/2010/03/new‐
balance‐365‐campaign‐fuses‐content‐and‐commerce.html
32. For more information on Mount Sinai “text in the city” textinthecity. posterous.com For more
about Johnson and Johnson’s “text 4 baby” campaign see text4baby. com
33. Bass Pro mobile app is described at mobilemarketer. com/cms/news/commerce/6457/.html
.27.

28. image: B G
about the author
Sidneyeve Matrix, PhD.
Queen's National Scholar, Media & Film @ Queen's University
Online: MatrixMediaFX.com + SidneyeveMatrix.com
Thank you to Alexandra Macgregor for research assistance.
Contents of this presentation including
images have Creative Commons Attribution‐
Noncommercial‐Share Alike 3.0 Licenses.
social media design + build