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Analyzing Primary Crime Data Sources and Patterns
- 1. Larry J. Siegel www.cengage.com/cj/siegel Chapter Two The Nature and Extent of Crime Valerie Bell • University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
- 2. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Primary Sources of Crime Data – Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) • Part I Crimes • Part II Crimes • Cleared Crimes • Validity of the UCR
- 3. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Primary Sources of Crime Data – National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) • Improvement over UCR • 46 specific offenses • 22 crime patterns • Incident, victim, and offender information • 20 states have implemented • 12 states finalizing data collection
- 4. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Primary Sources of Crime Data – National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) • Annual survey of victims • Addresses “non-reporting” issue • Information regarding victims, offenders, and crimes. • Validity of the NCVS • Future of the NCVS
- 5. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Primary Sources of Crime Data – Self-Report Surveys • Given in groups • Anonymous • Additional questions about attitudes, values , and behaviors. • Validity of Self-Reports • “Monitoring the Future” Survey
- 6. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Evaluating Crime Data – Strengths • UCR – Offender data – Information on crimes surveys cannot measure • NCVS – Unreported crimes – Victimization data • Self-report surveys – Information on offenders
- 7. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Evaluating Crime Data – Weaknesses • UCR – Does not include unreported crimes • NCVS – Limited samples – Personal recollections – Does not include homicide, drug abuse crimes • Self-report surveys – Rely on honesty of offenders
- 8. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – The Ecology of Crime • Day, Season, and Climate • Temperature • Regional Differences – Use of Firearms
- 9. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – Social Class, Socioeconomic Conditions and Crime • Instrumental crimes • Expressive crimes – Age and Crime
- 10. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – Age and Crime • Aging out of crime • Age and biology – Neurotransmitters
- 11. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – Gender and Crime • Official statistics – Male to female arrests 4-1 overall » 5-1 for serious violent crime » 8-1 for murder • Self-report – Same pattern but smaller ratios • Difference is decreasing
- 12. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – Gender and Crime • Trait differences • Socialization differences • Cognitive differences • Social/political differences
- 13. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Crime Patterns – Race and Crime • Racism and discrimination • Economic and social disparity • Family dissolution
- 14. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Chronic Offenders/Criminal Careers – Delinquency in a Birth Cohort • Wolfgang, Figlio, and Sellin
- 15. The Nature & Extent of Crime • Chronic Offenders/Criminal Careers – What Causes Chronicity? • Early onset – Implications of the Chronic Offender Concept • “three-strikes” • “truth-in-sentencing”
Notas do Editor
- Learning Objective 1. Be familiar with the various forms of crime data.
- Learning Objective 1. Be familiar with the various forms of crime data.
- Learning Objective 1. Be familiar with the various forms of crime data.
- Learning Objective 1. Be familiar with the various forms of crime data.
- Learning Objective 2. Know the problems associated with collecting data.
- Learning Objective 2. Know the problems associated with collecting data.
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 5. Compare crime rates under different ecological conditions.
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 6. Be able to discuss the association between social class and crime.
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 7. Know what is meant by the term “aging out process.”
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 8. Recognize that there are gender and racial patterns in crime.
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 8. Recognize that there are gender and racial patterns in crime.
- Learning Objective 4. Be familiar with the factors that influence crime rates. Learning Objective 8. Recognize that there are gender and racial patterns in crime.
- Learning Objective 9. Be familiar with Wolfgang, Figlio, and Sellin’s pioneering research on chronic offending.
- Learning Objective 10. Know what causes chronicity.