Details about Hydro power plant

2. HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

7. SELECTION OF SITE FOR HYDRO POWER
PLANTS:

11.  P= Q x H x e x 9.81 Kilowatts (kW)
 Where: P = Power at the generator
terminal, in kilowatts (kW). Q = Flow in
pipeline, in cubic metres per second
(m3/s). H = The gross head from the
pipeline intake to the tailwater, in metres
(m). e = The efficiency of the plant,
considering head loss in the pipeline and
the efficiency of the turbine and generator,
expressed by a decimal (ie 85% efficiency
0.85)

15. Tekeze-300MW
Gilgel Gibe II

17.  1)Depending upon Capacity to generate
power:
Size unit size Installation
Micro upto 100 kW 100 kW
Mini 101 to 1000 kW 2000 kW
Small 1001 to 6000 kW 15000 kW
2) Depending on head:
Ultra low head: Below3 meters,
Low head : Less than 30 meters,
Medium head: Between 30 to 75 meters,
High head : Above 75 meters,

18. 1.Based On Their Función
 Storage Dam
 Diversion Dam
2.Based On the Structural Design
o Arc Dam
o Gravity Dam

19. 3.Based On the Material Construction
 Rock Pices Dam
 Stone masonary Dams
 RCC Dam
 Timber & Rubber Dam
4.Based On Hydraulic Design
 Overflow Dam
 Non-Over flow Dam

22. Water Forces
Aldeadávila Dam (in Spain)

23. Water forces
Guri Dam (in Venezuela)

25.  Hydraulic Turbines
 Steam Turbines
 Gas Turbines

26. HYDRAULIC TURBINE
IMPULSE TURBINE REACTION TURBINE
PELTON WHEEL FRANCIS KAPLAN TURBINE
TURBINE

33.  The edge that divides each bucket in two symmetrical parts cuts the water
spurt, sectioning it in two laminae of fluid, theoretically of identical volume.
This disposition allows resisting mutually the axial pushes that are originated
in the bun.

34. Euler’s head=

39.  The turbines that take his name have revolutionized in these
years the use of jumps of little height.
 The Kaplan turbines are water reaction turbines of axial
flow, with a bun that works in similar way to the helix of a boat.
 The Kaplan turbine is a helix turbine in which the blades of the
bun turn itself when it is on, adjusting automatically according
the work to the conditions of optimal yield.

41.  The Francis turbine is one of the reaction turbines
 The radial flow causes the turn of the runner
 This turbine is reversible
 Francis turbines may be designed for a wide range of heads and
flows

43.  Total annual cost of hydro power project consists of
three elements:

1. Fixed charges it includes fixed charges on plant
interest taxes insurances depreciation and
obsolescence
2. Operation and maintenance cost
It includes operating cost, fuel
cost, supervisory, labor maintenance, repair and
miscellaneous expenses .the annual operation and
maintenance cost is roughly proportional to the
capacity of plant and the number of unit installed.
The annual maintenance cost is usually taken as 1.5%
of capital cost.
3. Transmission cost
It covers the cost of transmission facilities to connect
the power generated to the system load.