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Greece: Early and High Classical periods
Exekias, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game, Athenian black-figure amphora, 540-530 BC. Found in Italy Krater from the Dipylon cemetery in Athens, Greece, ca. 740 BC
Detail, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game, byExekias. Athenian black-figure amphora, 540-530 BC. Found in Italy
Exekias, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game, Athenian black-figure amphora, 540-530 BC. Found in Italy Euthymides, Three revelers, Athenian red-figure amphora, ca. 510 BC. Found in Italy
Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, warrior from west pediment (late 6th cent. BC) Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, warrior from east pediment (early 5th cent. BC)
Kouros, Anavysosnear Athens, ca. 530 BC Kritios Boy, Athens, ca. 480 BC. Figure demonstrates contrapposto
Bronze statue of a warrior, found under the sea near Riace, Italy, ca. 460 BC Kritios Boy, Athens, ca. 480 BC
Explanation of the “lost wax” process of bronze casting
Bronze statue of a warrior, found under the sea near Riace, Italy, ca. 460 BCE Myron, Diskobolos (Discus Thrower), Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca. 450 BCE
Polykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Thrower), Roman marble copy from Pompeii, after a Greek bronze original of ca. 450 BC. The statue demonstrates Polykleitos’sCanon, a harmonic system of proportion.
Acropolis, Athens
Reconstruction drawing of the Athenian Acropolis
Iktinosand Kallikrates, Parthenon (Temple of Athena Parthenos), Acropolis, Athens, 447-438 BCE
Phidias, sculpture from Parthenon pediment
Temple of Aphaia Parthenon
Erectheion, Acropolis, Athens, 421-405 BC
Porch of the Caryatids, Erectheion, Acropolis, Athens, 421-405 BC
Porch of the Caryatids, Erectheion, Acropolis, Athens, 421-405 BC

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2011 survey early_and_high_classic

Notas do Editor

  1. Common to know Greek artists in this period, signatures were placed on vasesThis period marks the rise of Greek poetry and writings
  2. Understanding of the Greek human form and the human bodyDepictions of warExekias, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game, Athenian black-figure amphora, 540-530 BC. Found in Italy – slide 3
  3. Types of Figures: Black Figure and Red FigureDevelopment difference: black developed earlier, made my applying a back silhouette color to a red vaseDetails carved through the black silhouette, creates a stylized form, easy to produce geometric patternsDoesn’t allow for great flexibilityScenes of mythology from the Trojan wars, also of frivolity, these were luxurious itemsExekias, Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game, Athenian black-figure amphora, 540-530 BC. Found in ItalyEuthymides, Three revelers, Athenian red-figure amphora, ca. 510 BC. Found in Italy – slide 4
  4. Statues symbolizing perfect bodily and heavenly depictionsFreestanding sculptures placed in public placesKouros, Anavysos near Athens, ca. 530 BCKritios Boy, Athens, ca. 480 BC.Figure demonstrates contrapposto – slide 6Differences in musculature, and the way the figure standsSlide 6 – as opposed to rigid stance set up at tomb sites, produced a more lifelike imagePlacing the weight of the body on one legContinual development of understanding of human boyd and it’s depiction
  5. Sculpture found on a ship that sunk – slide 7Shows that Greek sculpture was so popular that it was being shipped to other destinationsSculptures made of bronze – great valueAt some point later melted down to regain the metal to create armor for warBronze statue of a warrior, found under the sea near Riace, Italy, ca. 460 BCBronze sculpture was the preferred methodTorso and sculpture slightly turned. Shows movementBronze is ideal for this movement
  6. Slide 8 – plaster mold, wax creation for sculpturesPlaster mold can be easily reproduced
  7. Slide 9 – Romans preferred marble for creation of their statuesPopular image of the discus thrower – would have been set up in arenas and stadiumsMyron, Diskobolos (Discus Thrower), Roman marble copy of a bronze original of ca. 450 BCEWanted to create a more perfect form that what the human body appeared as in reality
  8. This process led to a canonization of the forms of the human boydPolykleitos, Doryphoros (Spear Thrower), Roman marble copy from Pompeii, after a Greek bronze original of ca. 450 BC. The statue demonstrates Polykleitos’sCanon, a harmonic system of proportion. – slide 10System of harmony – divine perfection
  9. Pediment sculpture within architecture – Acropolis, AthensWord Acropolis means upper or high cityA natural hill, in the center of AthensOntop of the hill – the city was built – slide 11
  10. Temple of Athena, patroness of Athens was built – slide 13Similar ideas of perfection in architectureForms become harmonicIktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon (Temple of Athena Parthenos), Acropolis, Athens, 447-438 BCEGreeks combined concepts of visuality, geometry, etc. 
  11. Slide 14 – pediment sculptureInterest in larger forms of the human body
  12. Slide 15 - Phidias, sculpture from Parthenon pedimentLargely female forms – tells the story of Athena’s lifePhidias – designed the layout of the acropolis 
  13. Slide 17: Erectheion, Acropolis, Athens, 421-405 BCIonic order of columns – smallerErectheius was a previous KingSlide 18: Porch of the Caryatids, Erectheion, Acropolis, Athens, 421-405 BCA group of women processing towards the ParthenonClassical style of sculptureThe women are the columns of the temple
  14. Slide 19 – detail of the CaryatidsThey are rigid formsNew discovery of naturalism in art – innovation that Greeks produced in this period