The document summarizes an international workshop on improving cycling culture in cities held in Tczew, Poland from February 26-27, 2010. It discusses relationships between cyclists and pedestrians, including potential conflicts and solutions. It analyzes data on pedestrian and cyclist volumes and thresholds for their combination. Segmentation of paths and addition of cycle lanes may allow cycling and walking to be combined even at higher volumes than normally possible. The workshop aimed to help cities increase cycling as a daily transport mode.

1. International workshop
Improving Cycling Culture in Cities
February 26th-27th, 2010
Tczew - POLAND
Cyclists and Pedestrians:
Friends, Enemies or Symbiosis?
Theo Zeegers
Bremen Tczew
Fietsersbond
(Dutch Cyclists’ Union)
Venice
Grenoble Zagreb
Presto is supported by

2. All kinds of predators on the streets
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

3. • What are the chances ?
• What are the problems ?
• What are the solutions ?
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

4. Modal split: division of daily trips over
types of transport;
Modal share: part of cycling in modal split
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

5. What is your Modal share ?
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

6. What is your Modal share ?
> 25 % ?
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

7. What is your Modal share ?
> 10 % ?
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

8. What is your Modal share ?
> 5%?
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

9. Modal Split in The Netherlands
train
bus other
bicycle
car
walking
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

10. Modal Split: shopping
train
other
bus
bicycle
car
walking
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

11. 27 % modal share looks like ….
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

12. On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

13. On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

14. Chances
• High modal share of cycling
• Comfortable and green transport in built-up
areas and towns
• People-friendly cities without cars
• Good economical climate
• Excellent accessibility of town centra
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

15. Cylists are spending consumers
(Spape & Christians, 2000)
2,5
2
1,5
car-driver
cyclist
1
0,5
0
money spent visits per week money spent
On-site training: Tczew
per visit per week
Cyclists and Pedestrians

16. What a cyclist would like to have
concerning town centra
• Accessibility of shops
• Parking
• Fast bicycle routes connecting
• Passing-through corridors
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

17. On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

18. 3 different built-ups of city maps
Legenda
Pedestrian + cycling
Only pedestrian
S Bicycle racks
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

19. 3 different built-ups of city maps
Legenda
Pedestrian + cycling
Only pedestrian
S Bicycle racks
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

20. 3 different built-ups of city maps
Legenda
Pedestrian + cycling
Only pedestrian
S Bicycle racks
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

21. Fietsberaad pubblication
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

22. From here on
Focus on possibilities to cycle in pedestrian areas
/ among pedestrians
-> accessibility main focus, not quality of cycling
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

23. Relation between intensities of
Number of pedestrians per hour cyclists and pedestrians
per meter
Number of cyclists per hour per meter
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On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

24. General picture of
cyclist / pedestrian conflicts
From observational study !
• Pedestrian does not change behaviour
• Pedestrian little discomfort
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

25. General picture of
cyclist / pedestrian conflicts
From observational study !
• Pedestrian does not change behaviour
• Pedestrian little discomfort
• Bicyclist adepts speed
• Bicyclist avoids collision
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

26. Some theoretical notions
• Intensity:
number of objects passing a given section per
unit of time (say, hour)
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

27. Some theoretical notions
• Intensity:
number of objects passing a given section per
unit of time (say, hour)
• Intensity per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

28. Some theoretical notions
• Intensity:
number of objects passing a given section per
unit of time (say, hour)
• Intensity per meter
• Density:
Number of objects per area (say, squared
meter)
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

29. Relation between these concepts
Intensity per meter = Density * Velocity
(# / m / h # / m2 * km/h)
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

30. Investigation on combination of cyclists and
pedestrians by observation: categories
• 1: combination well possible
• 2: combination possible but difficult
• 3: combination not possible
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

31. Possibility to cycle
versus
intensity-density of pedestrians
Number of pedestrians per hour per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

32. Schubert (1984) threshold on cycling possibility
on pedestrian density =
0,07 persons / m2
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

33. Schubert (1984) threshold
on pedestrian density
0,07 persons / m2
At 2 km/h

Intensity = 140 /m /h
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

34. Same,
with Schubert threshold
Number of pedestrians per hour per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

35. What about exceptional results ?
Obstructions
Segmented
Number of pedestrians per hour per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

36. Not segmented and
no cyclelane
Number of pedestrians per hour per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

37. Not segmented
with cycle(suggestion)lane
Number of pedestrians per hour per meter
On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

38. Overview of results
Percentage of cases
On-site training: Tczew
Combining possible ?
Cyclists and Pedestrians

39. Summary of results:
Combining cyclists and pedestrians
Number of pedestrians /h /m
< 100: always possible
100 – 160: possible with cycle(sugg.)lane
160 – 200: possible with segmentation (curb)
On-site training: Tczew Cyclists and Pedestrians

40. On-site training: Tczew
Cyclists and Pedestrians

41. International workshop
Improving Cycling Culture in Cities
February 26th-27th, 2010
Tczew - POLAND
Thank you for your attention!
More information on:
www.presto-cycling.eu
Bremen Tczew
or contact us at:
t.zeegers@fietsersbond.nl
Venice
Grenoble Zagreb
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