1. PEDRO RUIZ GALLO
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
HUMAN MEDICINE FACULTY
PROFFESSOR : DRA. ROSA GONZALES LLONTOP
GROUP 09 STUDENTS:
 BALLENA RÁZURI, LUIS ANDRÉ.
 CORONADO VIDARTE, KRISTIAN ALBERT.
 DÁVILA DÍAZ, JOB JOEL.
 SALINAS GUTIÉRREZ , CINTHYA.
 SUYÓN DELGADO, ALEXANDRA.
 YONG CADENA, HUGO ALBERTO.

3. CHRONIC MALNUTRITION

4. CHRONIC
MALNUTRITION
is
an indicator of a country's Achieve its reduction
development will help
to ensure
This indicator is determined by
comparing the size of the girl the development
or boy with that expected for of
their age and sex.
physical social
In the framework of the Budget
Result, chronic malnutrition is an intellectual emotional
indicator of outcome and is used
to analyze the achievements
Articulated Nutrition.
Children

5. Standard
Reference NCHS2 /
inadequate food
and nutrient intake
Chronic malnutrition is the state
in which girls and boys, are reflects the
repeated episodes
short relative to a reference cumulative
of illness
population effects
and the
interaction
between them
For 2007-2010 2010
the national chronic By 2010 a breakdown of
malnutrition has fallen children under five years
by 4.7 percentage of age in two groups
points
shows that the proportion of
chronic malnutrition is somewhat
from 22.6 to 17.9
higher in the second age group,
percent
19.4 percent versus 16.9 percent for
the group of under 36 months.

6. GRAPHIC No. 01 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, STANDARDIZED
REFERENCE NCHS, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND 2010

7. of the DHS
2007
the
results
DHS 2010
shows
a decrease
Continuing, being much Between 2007
higher in rural areas. and 2009
chronic malnutrition in urban
areas rose from 11.8 percent decreasing by 1.7
to 10.1 percent percentage points
while that in rural areas
decreased from 36.9 to 31, 3
percent.
which means 5.6
percentage points.
concerning the behavior of the
socioeconomic and By natural region, shows
demographic variables related the trend found in
different investigations
to chronic malnutrition.

8. is the one with of chronic 27.6
the highest
malnutrition percent
percentage
Mountain
region
21.7 percent
Jungle region
which has the
lowest
percentage
10.3
percent
Coast region

9. GRAPHIC No. 02 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, BY AREA OF
RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION, 2007, 2009 AND 2010
Resistance Area natural region

10. the education of the
mother
Is one variable that
influences the level of
chronic malnutrition of
children
the higher the educational 6.2 percent in children
of mothers with higher
level
education
of
malnutrition observed
smaller percentage
32 , 5 percent in those
with
primary education or
no education.

11. Another variable
associated
TREATED WATER IS
with
the level of chronic
malnutrition is the
availability
The 25.3 percent of children
under five years of age
with chronic malnutrition
consume water without
treatment.
Chronic malnutrition is lower 5.6
when consuming water treated percent
with chlorine residual
meanwhile
that the 19.0 percent consume
boiled water, public network (17.5 and other sources (23
percent) , 5 percent)

12. Wealth quintile
we can see
that the rates of chronic in the second quintile
malnutrition are high in the 21.3 percent
lowest quintile (35.9 percent)
corresponding to the top quintile
only 2.9 per percent of children
with chronic malnutrition.
In girls and children under five years
2010 old living in the National Program
of Direct Support to the poorest
TOGETHER
have more than twice the which the whole
rate of chronic malnutrition country (17.9
(38.0 percent) percent)

13. In 2007, chronic
malnutrition was 42.1
percent
in 2010 reached 38.0
percent
representing in this
period decreased 4.1
percentage points.

14. Chronic malnutrition
departmental
At the
departmental
Chronic malnutrition
level, higher levels 50
of chronic
malnutrition in 40
children under 30
five years are
presented 20
10
Chronic M.
0
Tacna, Moquegua and Lima had
the lowest levels of chronic
malnutrition (2.4, 4.8 and 6.2
percent respectively).

15. taking into account the
value of the national
baseline for this indicator
(22.6 percent)
implemented in 2007, the Huancavelica
results of the Continuous Cajamarca
DHS 2010 Huánuco
Apurimac
Ayacucho
Cusco
show that levels of malnutrition
Junín
in eleven departments are for
Loreto
above the baseline:
Pasco
Ucayali
Ancash
Amazonas
In five departments, malnutrition Meanwhile, eight
San Martin
levels are below the baseline but departments that
La Libertad
higher than the goal to be show lower levels of
Piura
reached in 2011 (16.0 percent) malnutrition to 16, 0
Puno
percent, which is the
national goal.

16. Standard Reference OMS3 / Using the OMS
standard
In 2006, the World Health
Organization, recommended a chronic malnutrition
new benchmark known as affected 23.2 percent of
WHO Patron children under five years
old
this pattern is more demanding
in certain periods of growth in this would reflect a
children downward trend
when compared with
2007
resulting in the estimation of
chronic malnutrition which recorded 28.5
percent of
malnutrition chronic.
using this pattern reference
is greater than the
estimated NCHS4 pattern.

17. GRAPHIC No. 03 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, STANDARDIZED
REFERENCE WHO, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND 2010

18. By area of
residence
chronic malnutrition affected a greater proportion
of girls and rural children (38.8 percent)
means, 2.8 times more than in urban areas (14.1
percent)
By natural region
Forest region Lima metropolitan and
the Sierra the rest sub-region
has the highest proportion of (28.5 percent) has the lowest percentages
chronic malnutrition (34.4 Costa, 2000, 2007, 2009 AND
percent) 2010
On the other hand, chronic malnutrition (8.6 and 14.9
affected more strongly to children of mothers percent, respectively)
with no education and primary level (40.4
percent)

19. GRAPHIC No. 04 PERU: RATIO UNDER 5 chronic malnutrition, BY AREA OF
RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION, 2007, 2009 AND 2010

20. Malnutrition
departmental
At the
departmental
level
higher levels of chronic malnutrition in using the OMS
children under five years reference standard are
presented
Huancavelica (54.6 percent)
 Cajamarca (40.5 percent)
Ayacucho (38.8 percent)
Apurimac (38.6 percent)
Huánuco (37.4 percent)
Conversely, Tacna, Moquegua
and Lima had the lowest levels of
chronic malnutrition (3.0, 5.7 and
8.9 percent respectively).

21. ANEMIA

22. Anemia is a condition in which blood
lacks sufficient red blood cells.
An iron deficiency in the daily diet is more
than half the total number of cases of
anemia.

23. HIGHLAND JUNGLE
COAST
SOURCE: INEI, National Population
and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009
and 2010.

24. BREAST MILK

25. • Provides essential
nutrients for the first 6
A months of life
• Immunization of
different diseases
B
• Its absence causes
acute childhood
C malnutrition

26. GRAPHIC No. 01
PERU: PROPORTION OF LESS THAN SIX MONTHS Forest, 77.6
Exclusively breastfed, 2007, 2009 AND 2010 percent, has the
ON THE COAST
highest
IS A GREATER
proportion in
RISK FACTOR
FOR contrast to that
MALNUTRITION observed in the
DUE TO LACK Coast
OF EXCLUSIVE
BREASTFEEDIN
G
URBAN RURAL COAST MOUNTAIN JUNGLE
S
AREA OF RESIDENCE
NATURAL REGION
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009
and 2010.

27. PREVALENCE OF INFECTION
ACUTE RESPIRATORY(IARs)

28. • Malnutrition decreases the
body's defenses
A
• Microorganisms infect the
respiratory tract and the body
B has few defenses to combat
• The highest proportion of
respiratory infections, is in the
C jungle and in urban areas

29. GRAPHIC No. 02 NATIONALLY, TH
PERU: PROPORTION OF CHILDREN UNDER 36 MONTHS IN TWO WEEKS E HIGHEST
PROPORTION OF
PRIOR TO THE IAR HAD SURVEY BY AREA OF RESIDENCE AND UNDER-
NATURAL AREA, 2007, 2009 AND 2010 36 MONTHS OF
AGE WITH ARF
ARE PRESENTED
IN
DEPARTMENTS IN
THE JUNGLE
FROM THE
COAST.
URBAN RURAL COAST MOUNTAIN JUNGLE
S
AREA OF NATURAL
RESIDENCE REGION
SOURCE: INEI, National Population and Family Health DHS 2007, 2009
and 2010.

30. PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA

31. having three or more loose or liquid
defined by World Health stools per day, or as having more
Organization stools than is normal for that
person
It is a common cause of
death in developing
countries and the second
most common cause
of infant deaths worldwide
dehydration
can cause
The loss
of fluids throu
gh diarrhea
electrolyte
disturbances

32. In Peru the highest
prevalence of diarrhea is
found in
Mountain
Jungle
children are less in rural and
exposed to coastal
disease areas

33. 1 in 1.6 children
Peruvian children will experience an
In their first 5 episode of
years of life rotavirus diarrhea
1 in 9.4
will seek
medical
care
1 in 19.7 will
require
hospitalizati
on
1 in 375
will die of IN A YEAR
the THIS REPRESENTS APPROXIMATELY
disease
 384,000 cases
 64,000 clinic visits
 30,000 hospitalizations
 1,600 deaths

34. 40%
20%
Se…
0%
Se…

35. LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

36. newborns
Low-birthweight weighing less
are
babies than 2,500
grams
stunted
growth
children who
may cognitive
were born
experience problems
with a LBW
chronic
diseases in
later life

37. IN PERU
• Low-birthweight babies (% of
births) was: 8.00 as
• Its highest value over the past 25 of 2010
years was 12.00 in 1986
• Its lowest value was 5.80 in 1995
PERU: PROPORTION OF LIVE BIRTHS IN THE LAST 5 YEARS
PRIOR TO SURVEY WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (<2.5 KG.), 2000,
2007, 2009 AND 2010

38. When comparing with the ENDES 2007 JUNGLE
•The proportion of newborns with LBW increased in presents a proportion
rural areas (0.9 percentage point) above the national
•decreased (0.7 percentage point) in the urban average (8.8 percent)
area.
PERU: PERCENTAGE OF LIVE BIRTHS IN THE LAST 5 YEARS PRIOR TO
SURVEY WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (<2.5 KG.), AS AREA OF
RESIDENCE AND NATURAL REGION 2007, 2009 AND 2010
URBAN RURAL COAST MOUNTAIN JUNGLE
S
AREA OF NATURAL
RESIDENCE REGION

39. HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS
TO TREATED WATER

40. Water has a close
relationship with
the life of the
People.
It is an essential agent
or health disease.

41.  Nationally, nine out of ten households (91.5 percent)
have access to safe water.
SOURCE: INEI, National
Population and Family
Health DHS
2000, 2007, 2009 and
2010.
 According natural region, the proportion of households
with access to water in the forest region is 75.3 percent.