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COURSE     :   Medical English
TEACHER    :   Dra. Rosa Gonzáles Llontop

GROUP      :   4TH
STUDENTS   :   * Gastelo Salazar, Kenyi
               * Jambo Mendoza, Juan
               * Mayo Cabanillas, Darcy
               * Perales Carrasco, Tito
               * Rojas Ramos, Percy
               * Vásquez Ochoa, Pedro
CYCLE      :   2012 - I
According to a new study of
                  Wisconsin University




Young primates with                          Have decreased activity
highly anxious                               of specific genes within
temperaments                                 the amygdala
The genes involved play a major role in forming
the brain connections needed for learning about
                     fears.
The function of genes that promote learning
and plasticity occurs in the amygdala
Anxious individuals tended to have decreased
                   expression of a gene called neurotrophic tyrosine
                   kinase, receptor, type 3 (NTRK3)




The risk to develop anxiety and depression may
  be related to the underactivity of particular
       genes in the developing amygdala
The study
  helps
   Support the need for
   early intervention in
   children identified as
    excessively shy and
          anxious.



   Point a way to better
  treatments to decrease
 the likelihood of children
  developing more severe
    psychiatric problems
Therapy Neuronetics transcranial magnetic
stimulation (TMS) can relieve symptoms of
depression and has little or no side effects on
the sleep disorder.
The Major Depressive Disorder affects approximately 14.8
million, or about 6.7 percent of American adults in a given
year, according to the National Institute of Mental Health




   It's the leading cause of disability in ages 15 to 44
The finding resulted from an analysis of a
      study of 301 patients at 23 sites




 comparing the anti-depressive effects of the Neuronetics
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy System (TMS)
treatment in patients resistant to antidepressant medications
The findings, published in the journal Biological Psychiatry in
2007,affirmed TMS's effectiveness in depression



  Sleep problems are a common side effect of major
  antidepressants: some drugs sedate patients while others
  stimulate them and increase insomnia.
Insomnia occurs in 50-90 percent of patients with
major depressive disorder. Other depressed patients
complain they sleep too much



 The good news is that TMS does not contribute
 to insomnia or oversleeping.
TMS targets the prefrontal cortex of the brain, involved in
mood regulation as well as other higher-order functions like
planning, evaluating and decision-making




     In this procedure, patients sit in a recliner
     and receive brief pulses of a MRI strength
     magnet held against the front of the head




The magnetic energy of TMS causes the brain cells closest
to the surface of the brain to increase their activity which in
turn influences the activity of the brain as a whole.
DEPRESSION


                                                            Memory storage




 In depression, the brain becomes less plastic
 and adaptable, and therefore less able to                Such as
 perform certain tasks.


    Researchers at Karolinska Institute have traced less brain plasticity
    reduced functionality in their support cells, and we believe that learning
    more about these cells may pave the way for radical new treatments for
    depression.
It has been possible the cure of
memory dysfunction in depressed         is a substance secreted by
rats giving them dose of D-serine       astrocytes,   which    are
                                        support cells for brain
                                        neurons


                                         Their    memories        were
                                         checked     by     repeatedly
The rats are placed through the two      exposed to different objects
tests to confirm that they had
symptoms that are also characteristic
of human depression.                     Then evaluated their level of
                                         apathy, releasing the rats in a
                                         container with water and
                                         observing if or not trying to
                                         get out.
The synaptic activity in the hippocampus
of rats depressed is much greater than
the healthy rats

                           but
                                             the level of plasticity of rats with
                                             depression is less than the healthy
                                             rats


   However by supplying D-serine to the rat brain plasticity with depression
   improvement.


                  Is expected that advances in the studies will
                  lead to new treatments for depression
4   psychiatric research

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  • 1. COURSE : Medical English TEACHER : Dra. Rosa Gonzáles Llontop GROUP : 4TH STUDENTS : * Gastelo Salazar, Kenyi * Jambo Mendoza, Juan * Mayo Cabanillas, Darcy * Perales Carrasco, Tito * Rojas Ramos, Percy * Vásquez Ochoa, Pedro CYCLE : 2012 - I
  • 2. According to a new study of Wisconsin University Young primates with Have decreased activity highly anxious of specific genes within temperaments the amygdala
  • 3. The genes involved play a major role in forming the brain connections needed for learning about fears.
  • 4. The function of genes that promote learning and plasticity occurs in the amygdala
  • 5. Anxious individuals tended to have decreased expression of a gene called neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3 (NTRK3) The risk to develop anxiety and depression may be related to the underactivity of particular genes in the developing amygdala
  • 6. The study helps Support the need for early intervention in children identified as excessively shy and anxious. Point a way to better treatments to decrease the likelihood of children developing more severe psychiatric problems
  • 7. Therapy Neuronetics transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can relieve symptoms of depression and has little or no side effects on the sleep disorder.
  • 8. The Major Depressive Disorder affects approximately 14.8 million, or about 6.7 percent of American adults in a given year, according to the National Institute of Mental Health It's the leading cause of disability in ages 15 to 44
  • 9. The finding resulted from an analysis of a study of 301 patients at 23 sites comparing the anti-depressive effects of the Neuronetics Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy System (TMS) treatment in patients resistant to antidepressant medications
  • 10. The findings, published in the journal Biological Psychiatry in 2007,affirmed TMS's effectiveness in depression Sleep problems are a common side effect of major antidepressants: some drugs sedate patients while others stimulate them and increase insomnia.
  • 11. Insomnia occurs in 50-90 percent of patients with major depressive disorder. Other depressed patients complain they sleep too much The good news is that TMS does not contribute to insomnia or oversleeping.
  • 12. TMS targets the prefrontal cortex of the brain, involved in mood regulation as well as other higher-order functions like planning, evaluating and decision-making In this procedure, patients sit in a recliner and receive brief pulses of a MRI strength magnet held against the front of the head The magnetic energy of TMS causes the brain cells closest to the surface of the brain to increase their activity which in turn influences the activity of the brain as a whole.
  • 13. DEPRESSION Memory storage In depression, the brain becomes less plastic and adaptable, and therefore less able to Such as perform certain tasks. Researchers at Karolinska Institute have traced less brain plasticity reduced functionality in their support cells, and we believe that learning more about these cells may pave the way for radical new treatments for depression.
  • 14. It has been possible the cure of memory dysfunction in depressed is a substance secreted by rats giving them dose of D-serine astrocytes, which are support cells for brain neurons Their memories were checked by repeatedly The rats are placed through the two exposed to different objects tests to confirm that they had symptoms that are also characteristic of human depression. Then evaluated their level of apathy, releasing the rats in a container with water and observing if or not trying to get out.
  • 15. The synaptic activity in the hippocampus of rats depressed is much greater than the healthy rats but the level of plasticity of rats with depression is less than the healthy rats However by supplying D-serine to the rat brain plasticity with depression improvement. Is expected that advances in the studies will lead to new treatments for depression