Eye Tracking the Mobile UX - What you Need to Know
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talk at MoDevUX on May 19, 2014 It is important for mobile app and website designers to test their products with typical end users to ensure the products work as intended and that an optimal user experience (UX) is provided. What many designers do not know is that getting user feedback, including understanding what users look at while using a product, is not as difficult as it once was. Modern technology has made this technique quite simple and affordable. User experience testing of mobile devices with typical end users can be conducted in many ways, including remotely, in-the-field, and in-the-lab. A benefit of in-lab testing is the ability to conduct eye tracking to assess elements of the product that are engaging or that are ignored. In this workshop, you will learn about modern eye tracking of mobile devices and the basic things you need to know to understand your users. We will discuss common issues that we frequently discover and ways to prevent these common mistakes in your designs. We will conduct a live mobile usability test! Attendees will learn about the various methods to collect user data and the pros and cons of each.
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Eye Tracking the Mobile UX - What you Need to Know
- 1. Eye Tracking the User Experience of Mobile: What You Need to Know Jennifer Romano Bergstrom, David Hawkins, Jon Strohl, Jake Sauser May 19, 2014 MoDevUX| McLean, VA @forsmarshgroup @gomodev
- 2. 2 http://www.pewinternet.org/three-technology-revolutions/ http://www.pewinternet.org/fact-sheets/mobile-technology-fact-sheet/ @forsmarshgroup #modevux Technology Revolutions %ofAmericanadults 90% of American adults have a cell phone 58% have a smartphone 42% have an tablet 32% have an e-reader
- 3. 3 http://www.pewinternet.org/2013/09/19/cell-phone-activities-2013/ The % of cell phone owners who use their cell phone to… @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 5. 5 Nielsen: The Cross-Platform Report, Quarter 2, 2012-US @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 6. 6 Eye tracking paperCompare the UX across devices @forsmarshgroup #modevux Tablet App Homepage Tablet Web Homepage Android App Homepage
- 8. 8 Krug, S. (2000) Don‟t Make Me Think. Pearson Education *NEW 3rd Edition (2014)* What we design for…and reality @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 9. 9 He, Siu, Strohl, & Chaparro (2014). Mobile. In Romano Bergstrom & Schall (Eds). Eye Tracking in User Experience Design. Morgan Kaufmann. Users read what they need to read @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 10. 10 OBSERVATION AL + Ethnography + Time to complete task + Reaction time + Selection/click behavior + Ability to complete tasks + Accuracy IMPLICIT + Facial expression analysis + Eye tracking + Electrodermal activity (EDA) + Behavioral analysis + Linguistic analysis of verbalizations + Implicit associations + Pupil dilation EXPLICI T+ Post-task satisfaction questionnaires + In-session difficulty ratings + Verbal responses + Moderator follow up + Real-time +/- dial UX Data @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 11. Traditional UX research is good at explaining what people say and do, not what they think and feel. Why should we measure implicit? @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 12. 1212 Implicit data 12 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 00:00.00 00:07.50 00:15.00 00:22.50 00:30.00 00:37.50 00:45.00 00:52.50 Begin date and time selection. End date and time selection. Trouble with scrolling. More trouble with scrolling. Implicit data @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 13. 13 Modern eye tracking Mobile Eye Tracking
- 14. 14 https://uxmag.com/articles/eight-lessons-in-mobile-usability-testing Mobile low-fi paper prototypes @forsmarshgroup #modevux
- 15. Match icon functionality across devices. 15 • “I‟m going to click on it, but it's not doing anything. That is annoying.” • “Do these not work?” UX Best Practice: Reduce the amount of non-clickable real estate on the homepage. Focus on making icons and images clickable. This will help the homepage feel more intuitive as users expect icons and images to function as active links. Logo should link to the homepage, similar to the way logos work on websites. Clicks along the bottom of the PC homepage showing that participants expected the icons to be working links. Homepage on the iPad website does not display the clickable links below each icon. @forsmarshgroup #modevux Icon functionality across devices
- 16. Issue: Vague error messages increase visual workload. 16 UX Best Practice: Specifically explain the error, and place the messages near where the error occurs so the user can quickly fix the error and move on. • “How do I advance to the next screen?” • “It seems like it's stuck on the screen.” M Gaze Plot: After getting an error message, the participant had to search all over the screen to find the missing field. @forsmarshgroup #modevux Vague error messages
- 17. Keyboards may block important text fields. 17 UX Best Practice: Design the layout of the page such that important functions are always visible while the keyboard is open. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tablet PC Smart Phone NumberofiPadWebParticipants Tablet Web Users: Least Favorite Device @forsmarshgroup #modevux Keyboards
- 18. Issue: The ‘Back’ button is not consistent. 18 UX Best Practice: Make the location of the „Next‟ button consistent across all devices by placing it in the lower right corner. This will assure users that their selections will be saved and promote a sense of linear progression. • “I was expecting „Next,‟ but I guess I have to push „Back.‟” • “It was hard to get confidence that I was proceeding in the right way.” • “It didn't seem to flow, if you will—you had to go back and forth.” @forsmarshgroup #modevux Inconsistent button location across devices
- 19. Issue: The location of ‘Next’ is not intuitive. 19 * Couper, M.P., Baker, R., & Mechling, J. (2011). Placement and Design of Navigation Buttons in Web Surveys. Survey Practice, 4(1). • “Where and how you click is a bit counter-intuitive. [It‟s] not super obvious which button to click to get to next sections.” • “I feel like the „Next‟ should be at the bottom and not the top.” UX Best Practice: Users expect consistency and for navigation buttons to be close to the last entry field.* Place all „Next‟ and navigation buttons near the last entry fields. Intuitive „Next‟ button location Non-intuitive „Next‟ button location @forsmarshgroup #modevux (Non) Intuitive navigation
- 20. Issue: Workload is high when searching for entries. 20 UX Best Practice: Follow users‟ mental model: Arrange previous entries with the most recent at the top. @forsmarshgroup #modevux Ordering content
- 21. 21 Assess the UX across devices • Not necessarily the same UX across all devices • Different issues occur • Match user expectations and product objectives • Conduct UX testing with real users @forsmarshgroup #modevuxAssess the UX across devices
- 22. UXPA2014.org
- 25. Thank you! • Twitter: @forsmarshgroup • LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/company/fors-marsh-group • Blog: www.forsmarshgroup.com/index.php/blog Jennifer Romano Bergstrom @romanocog jbergstrom@forsmarshgroup.com MoDevUX | McLean, VA
Notas do Editor
- Users are likely to access your device across different platforms. It is important to make the transition between these different platforms as seamless as possible.Eye tracking data shows that fixations are centered primarily around a single icon for the application, but more dispersed on the when the website is rendered on a tablet. Differences in visual processing between devices can make the transition from one device to the next feel disjointed.
- Heat maps can be used to evaluate where groups of participants fixated while working with specific features, like a date and time selection.Videos with gaze plots can show where a participant was looking when they encountered an error. Evaluating where participants look when they encounter difficulties can guide the placement of help functions or contribute to ideas for redesigns.
- People may have negative transfer--they may have a hard time using your mobile tool or desktop site because of their previous learning and expectations. On the desktop site, and iPad website, people expected icons to be clickable because of previous experience with the mobile app.
- People had a very hard time entering in TV shows on the iPad website because of the keyboard. The UX was not unified because this device was WAY worse.If the UX were unified, this device could have been one of the better experiences because it's big and easy to type (people liked the iPad app because it was big and easy to type)When the keyboard appeared on the screen, the participant's fixations were focused almost entirely in the calendar function that appeared. She did not look elsewhere, but the information she needed to find was not visible in the calendar popup. When you design a function within an app, be sure thekeyboard does not hide important text fields, because a user will not know where else to look to find it (this participant's visual behavior suggests that attention will be focused primarily on the open function).
- Same comment from previous slide. small inconsistency with design.be sure to mention this in relation to the seamless transition between device, especially for simultaneous usage. On their own, the design seems fine, but when used in conjuction with other devices, these differences can lead to frustration and confusion, and make your product seem like it wasnt well thought out.
- The location and design of buttons and features should be the same. There was a droid team, desktop team, and apple team, they worked independently so small inconsistencies like the location of the next button was different because communication wasn't the best.Same comment as before, inconsistent placement across devices is frustrating. Because people are likely to access your product on different devices, and may even do so with two devices at the same time, inter-device design is crucial to assess.
- unify the experience across different apps--meet expectations. Twitter has the newest entries at the top, this app had the newest entries at the bottom.Social media news feeds show newest content first (e.g., facebook, twitter). Showing newest content last will increase visual workload (more fixations needed before an entry can be located).