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1. Induction Motors: Parameters & Starting By: James S. Nasby -- Columbia Engineering

6. Motor Starting Region – cont’d Motor Torque Curve Motor Torque and Pump Torque Curves

10. NEMA Design Types Standard Three Phase Induction Motors are NEMA Design “B” ( Rated Full Load Torque) Rated | Speed (RPM)

13. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Current Curve Motor Current -vs- RPM Curves Rated Running Current = 100%

15. Induction Motor Locked Rotor Codes Note: Controllers (15 Hp and higher rated ) are NOT rated, tested, approved, or listed for starting codes above Code "G".

16. Induction Motor Locked Rotor Currents

17. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Stalled (Locked Rotor) Power Factor = Approx 40%

19. Motor Starting -vs- Motor Running Regions

20. Motor Starting -vs- Motor Running Regions Motoring Region Starting Region

21. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Torque Curve Motor Torque and Pump Torque Curves

22. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Torque Curve Motor Torque and Pump Torque Curves

23. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Current Curve Motor Current -vs- RPM Curves Rated Running Current = 100%

24. Motor Parameters – cont’d Motor Current Curve Motor Current -vs- RPM Curves Rated Running Current = 100% Motoring Region Starting Region

29. Motor Running -vs- Motor Starting Regions Rated Torque (100%) times Rated Speed (E.g. 1750 RPM) yields Motor Rated Horsepower.

32. Motor Starting – cont’d Across-the-Line (Direct On Line)

33. Full Voltage Start ------------ Across-the-Line

34. Motor Starting – cont’d Across-the-Line (Direct On Line)

35. Motor Starting – cont’d Part Winding Start Note: The Motor Must be Wound Specifically for Part Winding Starting .

36. Part Winding Start

37. Motor Starting – cont’d Part Winding Start

38. Motor Starting – cont’d Primary Resistor Start

39. Primary Reactor Start

40. Motor Starting – cont’d Primary Resistor Start Note: 65% Resistor Impedance is 1.24 - 0.40 = 0.84 pu

41. Motor Starting – cont’d Primary Reactor Start

42. Motor Starting – cont’d Primary (or Neutral) Reactor Start Note: 65% Reactor Impedance is 1.54 – 1.00 = 0.54 pu

45. Motor Starting – cont’d Primary (or Neutral) Reactor Start

46. Wye-Delta Open Transition

47. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Open Transition LPM Module = Leading Phase Monitor ®

48. First Half Cycle Offset Waveforms 2.83 x LRA = 6 x 2.83 x FLA = 17.0 x FLA Maximum Theortical This curve shows starting a motor which still has BACK EMF (voltage) present.

49. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Open Transition

50. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Open Transition

51. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Open Transition

52. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Transition Hazard Closed Leading Lagging

53. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta Closed Transition

54. Wye-Delta Closed Transition

55. Motor Starting – cont’d Wye-Delta (Open or Closed Xtn.)

56. Wye-Delta Starting; Truths and Myths Page 1 of 4

57. Wye-Delta Starting; Truths and Myths Page 2 of 4

58. Wye-Delta Starting; Truths and Myths Page 3 of 4

59. Wye-Delta Starting; Truths and Myths Page 4 of 4

60. Motor Starting - cont’d Soft (Solid State - SCR) Start

61. Soft Start (Solid State - SCR)

62. Motor Starting - cont’d Soft (Solid State - SCR) Start Note: These curves are for Soft Starters without Current Limiting set.

63. Motor Starting - cont’d Autotransformer Start

64. Autotransformer Start

65. Motor Starting - cont’d Autotransformer Start

66. Motor Starting Characteristics Parameter Chart

67. Motor Starting Characteristics Parameter Notes to Chart

70. Wound Rotor Speed-Torque Curves (Reference Source Credit on Next Slide)

71. Wound Rotor Speed-Torque Curves - Flipped and Rotated - Gerhart W. Heumann (G.E.), “ Magnetic Controls of Industrial Motors”, Wiley & Sons.

72. VFD = Motor Running Only (No Motor Starting Region) Starting Region (Reference Only)

73. Variable Speed Controllers Power Circuit Schematic . . * Was Optional

74. Variable Speed Control

75. VFD – Principles of Operation 3 Phase Line Freq. AC to DC Smoothing(Ripple Reduction) DC / AC (at "X" KHz)

77. Motor Lead Configurations 3 Lead – 3 Coil - Wye Running

78. Motor Lead Configurations 3 Lead – 3 Coil - Delta Running

79. Motor Lead Configurations 6 Lead - 3 Coil - Wye Running

80. Motor Lead Configurations 6 Lead – 3 Coil - Delta Running

81. 6 Lead – 6 Coil - Wye Running Parallel Running

82. 6 Lead – 6 Coil - Delta Running Parallel Running

84. 9 Lead - 6 Coil - Wye Running Series Running

85. 9 Lead - 6 Coil - Wye Running Parallel Running

86. 9 Lead - 6 Coil - Delta Running Series Running

87. 9 Lead - 6 Coil - Delta Running Parallel Running

88. 12 Lead - 6 Coil - Wye Running Series Running

89. 12 Lead - 6 Coil - Wye Running Parallel Running

90. 12 Lead - 6 Coil - Delta Running Series Running

91. 12 Lead - 6 Coil - Delta Running Parallel Running

93. Starting Methods -vs- Motor Types

94. Motor Types -vs- Starting Types Table M-06 -- Motor Suitability Motor Types -vs- Starting Types