1. UNIT 3
“Mountains and Volcanoes”

2. Unit 1
Watch the video about MOUNTAINS IN EL SALVADOR.
Click here
1. Apaneca, mountains in town
Activity
Investigate. There are Hotels, cities and town in Ahuachapán where can
you stay, investigate the name of them and write. Read the follow information
in order to understand more about this place.
The small town Apaneca is 16 km southeast to the city of Ahuachapan and 100 km from San Salvador.
Apaneca is located on a picturesque and cold elevation of 1,477 meters above sea level, surrounded by
extinct volcanoes such as Chichicastepec or Big one of Apaneca and the Cunhtepec or Green Lagoon.
Apaneca in Nahuatl means: "River of Winds" Apan = river or current and Ehecatl = wind.

3. Apaneca became a town on February 10th 1874. This "short plain surrounded by very high hills", as
described by archbishop Pedro Cortéz and Larráz in 1770, witnessed on April 16th 1876 the triumph of the
Salvadoran armies, commanded by General Francisco Menéndez, over Guatemalans.
The mountain range of Apaneca from Sonsonate to Ahuachapán via Nahuizalco - Salcoatitán - Apaneca, is
one of the most beautiful landscapes of the Salvadorian countryside and will sure amaze you. The "Laguna
Verde" and "Laguna de las Ninfas" are both located inside craters of extinct volcanoes in the area.
Volcanoes National Park For lovers of outdoor walks and beautiful scenery in the park are allowed access
to the summits of the three volcanes.El Volcanoes National Park is located at the eastern end of the
Cordillera Apaneca-Ilamatepec , consisting of about 14 volcanoes geologically young (between 2 million
and 250 years), ranging from from the Cerro Grande Apaneca to Coatepeque Lake Caldera, in the central-
western El Salvador, the departments of Santa Ana and Sonsonate.
2. National Park Cerro Verde
Activity
According with the information create a brochure for tourist with
the follow pictures.
Since the National Park Cerro Verde reopened its doors to the public in December 2002 it offers
visitors many new changes. The Ministry of Tourism has made a big effort together with the guides
in order to provide of better quality services. They offer an interpretation of the environment in an
educational and unique way. The guides are local people from the surrounding neighborhoods.
The Nahuatl name for Cerro Verde is Cuntetepeque.
Main attractions: pathways, sight spots, flora and fauna, orchid nursery.
Services: Basic, toilets, parking lot.
Food: Cafeteria.
Others: Local Guides.
Entrance fees: $1.00 per person and $1.00 per car.
Altitude: The Park is located at 2030 meters above sea level, in the western part of the country,
between the departments of Santa Ana and Sonsonate.
How to get there: Those traveling in their own vehicle take the road that from San Salvador takes
you to Santa Ana, when you get to "El Congo" make a left or if coming from Sonsonate take the
detour "Puerta Roja". By bus: Take the bus Ni 201 at the west terminal going to Santa Ana, then
route 248 going to Cerro Verde.

4. 3.Cerro de San Jacinto: ruinas, deforestación, agricultura y pandillas
Activity
With your dictionary translate the information in English. This
exercise will help you to win new vocabulary.
El cerro de San Jacinto esconde infinidad de historias: desde las aventuras vividas en su famoso
teleférico hasta la agricultura que goza hoy en día. Este lugar sobresale por su notable extensión
y sus definidos relieves que cruzan los municipios de San Marcos, San Salvador, Soyapango y
Santo Tomás.
Por el lado de San Jacinto, del municipio de San Salvador,
se encuentra la calle que conduce hacia la primera finca
en el camino: El Regalo. El camino es solitario y
silencioso. Aunque a veces ese silencio se rompe con el
canto de los pájaros que vuelan entre las ramas de
árboles de todo tipo. Al avanzar, desde lejos, se visualizan
las paredes de una casa, que en realidad no es una casa.
Es el abandonado beneficio de café de la Finca Santa
Clara, que vio épocas hace más de 30 años.
En la Finca El Regalo se esconde la casa de José
Hernández, el caporal de la hacienda que cultiva café
salvadoreño en la única colina de San Salvador: el Cerro
de San Jacinto. Este posee una elevación de 300 metros
sobre su base. Hay dos formas de llegar hasta esta casa: la primera es en carro, en una calle
empedrada, llena de arcilla, hojas secas a montones, animales silvestres y frutas de temporada,
como las paternas, los pepetos y mameyes. La otra, a pie, por veredas empinadas, resbaladizas
a causa de la lluvia recién caída y tierras olorosas a excremento, sea de animales o de humanos.

5. 4. Sierra de Apaneca
As activity investigate about this beautiful place and make a summary
with your own words.
Apaneca, picturesque town of mountain village of Apaneca is located 16 km southeast of the city
of Ahuachapan and 100 km from San Salvador. It is in a picturesque and cold altiplano at 1.477
meters of altitude and Apaneca by extinct volcanoes such as Chichicastepec or Grande de
Apaneca, Cunhtepec or Laguna Verde. Apaneca in Nahuatl means: "River of Winds" comes from
Apan = river or stream and Ehecatl = wind. Apaneca became a town on February 10, 1874.

7. Watch the next Video
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5. Izalco (volcano)
Activity
Underline the verbs you find in present, then make sentences in
past with them.
Izalco is a stratovolcano on the side of the Santa Ana Volcano, which is located in western El
Salvador. It is situated on the southern flank of the Santa Ana volcano. Izalco erupted almost
continuously from 1770 (when it formed) to 1958 earning it the nickname of "Lighthouse of the
Pacific", and experienced a flank eruption in 1966. During an eruption in 1926, the village of
Matazano was buried and 56 people were killed. The formation of the volcano actually occupied
highly arable land on the southern slope of the Santa Ana volcano which was used for the
production of coffee, cacao and sugar cane.
Tourism
The volcano is visited and climbed regularly by tourists to El Salvador via the Cerro Verde National
Park and is a national icon of the country, even featured on the 10 colón bank note (US dollars
replaced the colon in 2001, so the bank note is no longer in circulation). The volcano is
currently quiescent but may erupt again.
A hotel was built on the nearby Cerro Verde to provide accommodation with a view of the erupting
volcano, but the volcano ceased to erupt shortly before the hotel was completed.

8. 6. Santa Ana (volcano)
Activity
Translate into SPANISH the information.
The Santa Ana Volcano or Ilamatepec (Spanish: volcán de Santa Ana) is a
large stratovolcano located in the Santa Ana department of El Salvador. At 2,381 metres above
sea level, it is the highest volcano in the country. It is located immediately west of Coatepeque
Caldera.
The summit of Santa Ana features four nested calderas and volcanic craters, with the innermost
containing a small crater lake. Collapse of the summit during the late Pleistocene (inferring from
underlying soil samples, the upper age limit is no more than 57 000 years ago) produced a
massive debris avalanche that reached the Pacific Ocean, forming the Acajutla Peninsula.
Subsequent eruptions have largely rebuilt the edifice. There have been numerous historical
eruptions since the 16th century, both at the summit and from cinder cones on the lower flanks,
and also the flank vents of San Marcelino located east of Santa Ana. The San Marcelino vents
erupted in 1722 and flowed eastwards for 11 km, destroying the village of San Juan Tecpan.
In October, 2005, the volcano erupted, killing at least two people, injuring seven people, forcing
many people to flee their villages. The volcano spat rocks for over 1.5 km (0.93 mi) with rocks the

9. size of cars. The eruption contributed to the damage from Hurricane Stan. The most recent
previous eruption had been in 1904.
7. Guazapa (volcano)
Activity
Investigate what we can do as tourists in this place then write.
Guazapa volcano is located 23 km NE of San Salvador, El Salvador. It is 30 km north of San
Salvador volcano.
Guazapa is an eroded stratovolcano, with deep valleys on the flanks. There is no remnant of a
summit crater. The volcano rises 1000 m from the surrounding plain.
Macanze scoria cone is located at the SE base of the volcano, and may have erupted within the
past few thousand years.

10. Read the article and answer the questions

11. 1. Did you visit the Boquerón?
2. What kinds of animals you could see?
3. What do you thing about the Boquerón Park?