Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV' and Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists discover key inhibitor molecule.

1. 3rd Semester
Molecular Biology
Teacher: Lina Maria Martinez Sanchez
2015

4. INTRODUCTION
The proteins are macromolecules between the
functions, they stand:
 Catalyze chemical reactions
 Transmit information between specific cells
 The control the pass of molecules through
the cell membrane
 Principal control in the genetic expression
The proteins are made up for amino acids.
The amino acids are 20 different they have a
structure in common:
The proteins have a different
structures, they depend their functions
in the organism

5. Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV'
A drug candidate against HIV
potent and effective that it could
form the basis of a vaccine.
The scientists designed a protein
that mimics the receptor and
simultaneously binds to two sites
on the surface of the virus,
which prevents it from entering
a host cell.
Using the CCR5 work
as a point of departure.

6. Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV'
"Unlike antibodies, which fail to neutralize a
large fraction of HIV-1 strains," continues
Farzan, "our protein has been effective against
all strains tested, raising the possibility it could
offer an effective HIV vaccine alternative."

7. Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV'
When a cell is infected by HIV, it inserts
its own RNA. This insert of genetic code
allows the virus transform the cell into
a "manufacturing site" for HIV.
The new drug candidate blocking
every strain of HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV
(simian immunodeficiency virus).

8. Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV'
It has been successful
against SIV in a
macaque model.

9. Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV'
STUDENT OBSERVATION
Though the infections for HIV have diminished worldwide, if
we compare 1998 where in number of infected it was
coming to 33,4 million persons and 13,9 million deaths for
this; and from 2011 they have been diminished to 2,5
millions of infected worldwide; even they continue being
many deaths because of a virus.
All that that helps to improve the quality of the persons and
to allow that they satisfy his normal life cycle, without so
much suffering, should be the prop of the investigations of
medicine.
For this, for my, it is a very gratifying advance, to know that
this little mas near the vaccine.

10. Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists
discover key inhibitor molecule
A molecule that can interrupt in the development of
Alzheimer's disease, that sticks to faulty proteins
and stops them forming toxic clusters in the brain.

11. Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists
discover key inhibitor molecule
A key step in the
development of Alzheimer's
diseases is the
accumulation or
"nucleation" of misfolded
proteins, amyloid fibrils -
that do not disperse or
dissolve away forming toxic
clusters called oligomers,
this process is called
secondary nucleation.
These are highly
toxic to nerve cells
and are thought to
be responsible for
the devastating
effect of
Alzheimer's
disease.
The molecule that has
discovered is a
chaperone called
BRICHOS that sticks to
threads of amyloid fibrils
and stops them coming
into contact with each
other, thus breaking the
toxic clusters reaction
and effectively blocks
secondary nucleation

12. Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists
discover key inhibitor molecule
In humans, Brichos helps proteins avoid misfolding.
Tests in living mice confirmed that the molecule
suppressed the chain reaction from secondary
nucleation.

13. Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists
discover key inhibitor molecule
Lead author Dr. Samuel Cohen adds: "Our study
shows, for the first time, one of these critical
processes being specifically inhibited, and reveals
that by doing so we can prevent the toxic effects of
protein aggregation that are associated with this
terrible condition."

14. Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists discover key inhibitor
molecule
STUDENT OBSERVATION
Us all forgot Something and this is not a good feeling for
us and less if there is a person involved in this.
Taking starting that, knowing that at any moment you
will not remember their own children, is not something
very rewarding at the end of life and therefore know
that les will do much damage to them and the family in
general, is even worse.
For this, this protein would help all to live better in the
last epoch of our life with the family and of the best way.

15. MEDICAL UTILITY

16. MEDICAL UTILITY

17. MEDICAL UTILITY
At present it thinks that
approximately 25 million
persons suffer Alzheimer in the
world, and probably in the
next 20 years, there will be
registered approximately 70
million new cases.
With the implementation of
this discovery in the persons
to have for factors that they
predispose, to suffering to this
one this disease and those
who already suffer them, it
might cause a very good
impact, increasing the quality
of life both to the adults and
to the major adults and his
families, causing this way the
experience of a happy
oldness and in peace.

18. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Designer protein 'blocks all known strains of HIV‘. Medical News Today. Wednesday 18
February 2015 at 8am [Consultado el 21 de febrero del 2015 a las 9:30 p.m.]. Disponible
en:
 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/289611.php
• Treatments to stop Alzheimer's step closer as scientists discover key inhibitor molecule.
Medical News Today. Wednesday 18 February 2015 at 3am [Consultado el 21 de febrero
del 2015 a las 9:30 p.m.]. Disponible en:
 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/289577.php
• MARTINEZ SÁNCHEZ, Lina María. Biología molecular. 7. ed. Medellín: UPB. Fac. de
Medicina, 2012. 112,113,114 p.