1. Future
Ci)es:
Ensuring
world
class
civic
ameni)es
in
urban
India

2. 2.7
9
16
Parks
and
Open
Space
105
150
220
Water
Supply
30
50
82
Share
of
Public
Transport
Current
Basic
Service
Standard
Best
in
Class
30
100
100
Sewage
Treated
72
100
100
Solid
Waste
Collected
24
0
0
Slum
Popula=on
THE
CURRENT
SCENARIO

3. Metropolitan
Planning
CommiIee
Execu)ve
Commissioner
Municipal
Commissioner
Housing
&
Slum
Development
Water
Supply
,Sewer
age
and
Sanita)on
Transport
Educa)on
Planning
Finance
Governance

4. • Urban
infrastructure
has
been
unable
to
keep
pace
with
the
growing
popula)on.
• 46%
urban
ci)es
with
supply
below
CPHEEO
norm.
• No
major
Indian
city
has
a
24
hour
supply
of
water.
• Transmission
and
distribu)on
networks
are
old
and
poorly
maintained,
and
generally
of
a
poor
quality.
Consequently
physical
losses
are
typically
high,
ranging
from
25
to
over
50
per
cent.
• Cost
recovery
-­‐
unable
to
recover
even
the
O&M
cost.
• About
one-­‐third
of
the
urban
centers
covered
do
not
have
any
metered
connec)ons
• More
dependency
on
groundwater
leading
to
decline
in
water
table
PROBLEMS
• Reduce
demand
and
supply
through
beIer
management
and
planning
• Developing
Public-­‐Private
Partnerships
• Reducing
pilferages
and
illegal
connec)ons
• Promote
rainwater
harves)ng
structures
• Emphasis
on
recharging
the
ground
water
by
u)lizing
the
surface
monsoon
runoff.
• Local
populace
to
be
educated
regarding
consequences
of
deple)on
of
ground
water
and
conserva)on
of
water.
• Metering
of
connec)ons,
both
for
bulk
supply
and
retail
distribu)on,
must
be
encouraged
PROPOSED
SOLUTION
WATER
SUPPLY
IN
FUTURE
CITIES

5. IMPLEMENTATION
• Treat
sewage
for
industry/farming
use
• Signing
MOUs
on
PPP
pladorm
to
provide
services
efficiently.
• Reducing
pilferages
and
illegal
connec)ons
by
taking
stringent
measures
against
the
defaulters
under
the
aegis
of
water
supply
as
implemented
in
the
Electricity
public
u)lity
• The
construc)on
of
roof
top
rainwater
harves)ng
structures
should
be
made
mandatory
by
all
states
in
building
bye-­‐laws
in
all
the
blocks,
which
will
help
in
checking
the
falling
water
level
trend
in
the
district
• The
abandoned
dug
wells
may
be
cleaned
and
should
be
used
for
recharging
the
ground
water
by
u)lizing
the
surface
monsoon
runoff.
Unauthorized
boring
of
wells
should
be
monitored
• More
emphasis
on
IEC
Ac)vi)es
as
already
done
by
GOI
via
WSSO
in
rural
areas.
IMPACT
• Sewage
will
cater
to
the
agricultural/irriga)on
needs
• More
efficient
services
to
the
consumers
via
PPP
pladorm
• Reduc)on
in
distribu)on
losses,
Thereby
increasing
efficiency
by
35-­‐50%.
• Conserva)on
of
rain
water
• Recharging
of
aquifers
and
increase
in
ground
water
level.
• Awareness
among
the
ci)zens
and
their
par)cipa)on
in
conserva)on
of
water
CHALLENGES
• Treatment
of
Sewage
as
per
the
norms
has
to
be
ensured
before
using
for
agricultural
purposes
• Private
companies
are
reluctant
to
enter
into
agreements
with
the
public
sector
considering
the
involved
uncertain)es.
• High
quality
distribu)on
network
involves
high
cost
e.g.
stainless
steel
pipes
used
in
Singapore
• Extra
cost
involved
in
rain
water
harves)ng
structures
will
be
opposed
by
the
ci)zens
• Difficulty
In
monitoring
of
unauthorized
digging
of
borewells
• Ensuring
par)cipa)on
of
the
ci)zens
in
urban
areas.

6. • SEWERAGE
TREATMENT
• Non-­‐collec)on
of
wastewater
and
discharge
of
untreated
wastewater
into
various
water
bodies
causes
sewer
water
and
land
pollu)on
problems
• 78
%
sewage
is
officially
untreated
and
disposed
off
in
rivers,
lakes,
groundwater
• A
third-­‐
of
the
Class
I
ci)es
and
less
than
one-­‐figh
of
the
smaller
sized
urban
centres
have
a
sewerage
system
• The
cost
recovery
is
generally
very
low
• SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
• Main
method
of
waste
disposal
con)nues
to
be
open
dumping
• Solid
waste
management
is
a
labour
intensive
ac)vity
and
concerned
administra)ve
bodies
fall
short
of
staff
for
this
ac)vity.
• Cost
recovery
from
solid
waste
management
is
extremely
poor
PROBLEMS
• SEWERAGE
TREATMENT
• Treat
locally
so
that
treated
water
can
be
used
locally
• Rehabilita)on
of
sewerage
systems
• Pollu)on
of
land
or
water
body
with
untreated
wastewater
• Recycling/
reuse
of
wastewater
• Wastewater
treatment
must
be
made
mandatory
for
all
sizes
of
urban
centres
• SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
• Reduce,
reuse
and
recycle(3R)
strategy
must
be
adopted
• open
dumping
of
waste
must
be
completely
discouraged
• Private
sector
par)cipa)on
must
con)nue
to
be
encouraged
• open
dumping
of
waste
must
be
completely
discouraged
PROPOSED
SOLUTION
SEWERAGE
AND
SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT

7. IMPLEMENTATION
• SEWERAGE
TREATMENT
• Use
open
drains
as
treatment
zones
• Iden)fica)on
of
non-­‐func)onal
sewerage
sytems
and
making
them
func)onal
• Pollu)on
of
land
or
water
body
with
untreated
wastewater
be
made
punishable
• Recycling/
reuse
of
wastewater
for
agricultural
purposes
ager
treatment
• Wastewater
treatment
must
be
made
mandatory
by
means
of
policy.
Technical
and
financial
assistance
must
be
provided
• SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
• 3R
strategy
be
implemented
by
the
Govt.
authori)es
• Requisite
measures
should
be
taken
in
the
design
of
equipment
used
by
staff
,manpower
management
and
planning
• Private
sector
par)cipa)on
via
PPP
pladorm
IMPACT
• SEWERAGE
• Sewage
will
be
treated
by
means
of
open
drains
without
addi)onal
cost
• Exis)ng
infrastructure
will
be
used
to
the
maximum
poten)al
• Less
pollu)on
due
to
dumping
of
untreated
sewage
• Treated
sewage
can
be
used
for
agricultural
purposes
thereby
conserving
water
• SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
• Open
dumping
will
be
reduced
• More
efficiency
in
collec)on
of
waste
and
efficient
solid
waste
management
CHALLENGES
• SEWERAGE
• Foul
smell
due
to
treatment
in
open
drains
• Govt.
authori)es
have
to
be
sensi)zed
for
effec)ve
func)oning
of
the
exis)ng
infrastructure
• Enforcement
of
punishment
will
be
difficult
• Farmers
will
be
reluctant
to
use
treated
sewage
for
agricultural
purposes
• SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
• involves
high
cost
for
procurement
of
latest
technology
and
hiring
the
requisite
staff.
• Private
companies
are
reluctant
to
enter
into
agreements
with
the
public
sector
considering
the
involved
uncertaini)es.

8. Poor
Road
Condi)ons
• Broken
Roads
• Number
of
potholes
• No
street
lights
• No
clear
driving
direc=ons
• No
public
sidewalks
• Lack
of
control
on
dogs
on
roads
Lack
of
Planning
• Lack
of
law
and
order
• Insufficient
parking
space
• Patchwork
of
private
islands
• Unmarked
speed
bumps
• Lack
of
Emergency
lanes
Dearth
of
Public
Transport
• No
safe
commu=ng
means
of
transport
• Deficit
in
public
transport
buses
• No
proper
interconnec=vity
• Unorganized
traffic
condi=ons
ROAD
AND
TRANSPORT

9. Proposed
solu)ons
Planning
of
land
u=liza=on
Providing
a
quality
public
transport
system
Road
and
traffic
management
ü
Strategic
planning
to
integrate
offices
and
residen=al
areas
to
reduce
the
distance
of
travelling
ü Micro-­‐level
planning
to
u=lize
open
land
in
the
vicinity
of
metro
sta=ons,
bus
depots
and
other
public
conveyance
sta=ons
ü SeSng
up
of
specialized
&
dedicated
Urban
Planning
team
under
the
purview
of
State/UT
government
ü Metros
in
urban
areas
through
PPPs
ü Bus
priority
schemes
ü
Upgrada=on
of
exis=ng
facili=es
like
air
condi=oning
and
developing
interchanging
sta=ons
ü Government
specula=ons
on
the
basis
of
2011
census:
•
Add
BRTS
@
20
km/1
Million
popula=on
in
51
ci=es
with
popula=on>
1
Million
• Add
rail
transit
at
10
km/
Million
popula=on
ü More
arterial
and
ring
expressways
required
ü Government
coali=on
with
private
par=es
for
• Construc=on
and
opera=on
of
toll
roads
• Construc=on
and
opera=on
of
mass
transit
systems
ü Modeling
of
Electronic
Road
Pricing(ERP)
system
as
successfully
implemented
in
Singapore
ü Opening
up
of
dead
end
roads

10. • ERPS
implementa=on
is
expensive
• Environmental
concerns
are
growing
• Large
scale
upgrada=on
required
for
exis=ng
deficit
facili=es
• Efficient
integra=on
between
government
and
private
bodies
in
PPP
Challenges
• Sources
of
funds
–
dedicated
levies,
land
mone=za=on,
recovery
from
non
user
beneficiaries,
debt
and
private
investments
• To
create
facili=es
for
walking
and
cycling
–
non-­‐
pollu=ng
modes
that
do
not
use
fossil
fuels
and
provide
social
equity
• In
Vehicle
Unit
devices
to
be
inbuilt
in
newly
procured
vehicles
at
subsidized
rates;
made
mandatory
during
registra=on
of
the
vehicle
and
added
to
the
registra=on
fees
• More
involvement
of
ci=zens
towards
their
civic
responsibili=es
Mi=ga=on

11. Trivandrum
Kochi
Calicut
Mangalore
Ranchi
Mysore
Madurai
Trichy
Coimbatore
Salem
Popula=on
957730
601574
432097
399565
2912022
755379
928869
742413
930882
696760
Slums
143659.5
90236.1
64814.55
59934.75
436803.3
113306.85
139330.35
111361.95
139632.3
104514
Families
28731.9
18047.22
12962.91
11986.95
87360.66
22661.37
27866.07
22272.39
27926.46
20902.8
Houses
14365.95
9023.61
6481.455
5993.475
43680.33
11330.685
13933.035
11136.195
13963.23
10451.4
Cost
@
4lakhs
57463.8
36094.44
25925.82
23973.9
174721.3
45322.74
55732.14
44544.78
55852.92
41805.6
Total
Crores
575
361
259
240
1747
453
557
445
559
418
5614
Cost
1
Labour
cost
0.2
Proposed
cost
0.16
Savings
0.04
Savings
%
4
Karnataka
Slum
Development
Board
WPI
1.325397
Rs.
In
Crores
2008-­‐09
2013-­‐14
Cost
730
967.53
Labour
cost
146
193.50
Proposed
cost
116.8
154.80
Savings
29.2
38.70
Savings
%
4%
4%
No.
Houses
24508
24509
Cost
per
House
0.029
0.0394
Cost
Saving
Cost
incurred
5614Cr
224
Cr
5390
Cr
Considering
the
fact
that
for
building,
20%
is
the
labour
cost.
We
can
employ
people
living
in
those
slums
at
80%
of
the
wages
as
given
to
employed
workers.
This
saves
around
4lakhs
per
1
crore.
Going
by
the
data
of
Karnataka
slum
development
board,
the
cost
of
building
one
unit
comes
out
to
be
4
lakhs.
If
we
consider
10
ci=es
who
have
the
poten=al
of
becoming
the
future
ci=es
and
if
we
provide
houses
to
50%
of
those
people
who
live
in
slums,
the
cost
comes
out
to
be
5400
crores.
If
we
target
year
2020;
the
cost
comes
out
to
be
approximately
770
Cr
per
year.
Ø
Wholesale
Price
Index:
1.32
(in
2012-­‐13
over
year
2008-­‐09)
Ø
Considering
percentage
of
slums
in
the
proposed
ci=es
stands
on
the
average
of
15%.
Ø
Considering
no.
of
people
per
family
=
5
SLUM
DEVELOPMENT
MODEL

12. 1. hIp://vsomanna.in/ach_eng.pdf
2. hIp://www.rediff.com/money/slide-­‐show/slide-­‐show-­‐1-­‐ci)es-­‐that-­‐will-­‐shape-­‐indias-­‐future/20111012.htm#29
3. hIp://portal.indiainfoline.com/datamonitor/Real-­‐Sector-­‐Annually/Prices/Wholesale-­‐Price-­‐Index-­‐Annual-­‐Average.aspx
4. hIp://cseindia.org/userfiles/excreta-­‐maIer.pdf
5. Status
of
Water
Supply,
Sanita)onand
Solid
Waste
Managemen)n
Urban
Areassponsored
byCentral
Public
Health
and
Environmental
Engineering
Organisa)on(CPHEEO),
Usha
P.
Raghupathi
6. McKinsey
Global
Ins)tute
–
India’s
urban
awakening
7. hIp://www.ndtv.com/
8. hIp://indiatoday.intoday.in/
9. hIp://www.gurgaonsite.com/infrastructure-­‐problems-­‐in-­‐gurgaon.html10.
hIp://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/commiIee/wrkgrp12/hud/wg_%20urban%20Transport.pdf
BIBLIOGRAPHY