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FUTURE CITIES
ENSURING WORLD CLASS CIVIC AMENITIES IN URBAN
INDIA
• TEAM DETAILS
1> TEAM NAME
SANKALP
2> TEAM MEMBERS
<i> ENAYATUL HAQUE
<ii> SWAGATAM CHAKRABORTI
<iii> ARITRO BANERJEE
<iv> JIT KAMDAR
<v> HARSH JOHARI
Needs
Food
Electricity
Other Forms
Of energy
Hygiene
•Drainage
•Maintenance
Security
Employment
Primary
Education
Potable
Water
Transport
Healthcare
These core areas,
need special emphasis
in order to plan our
future cities, and to
try to meet all these
demands of the
population with a
higher degree of
proximity
Factors to consider while designing Future Cities
Need Fulfillment
Macro Need
Fulfillment
Micro Need
Fulfillment
Country
Zone
State
Region
City
Locality
A Single Home
Macro
Micro
The aim of this approach would be to
enable the masses to shift from macro
need fulfillment to micro need
fulfillment, as much as possible.
A simple procedure would
be to try and have as many
needs of a single home
fulfilled on each level and
to carry minimum number
of requisites to the next
level.
A
Single House should be
made capable of
Generating some amount
of electricity
Use Rain Water
Harvesting coupled with
filtration techniques to
generate potable water
Generate small amount of
food using small
“Kitchen gardens”
The Idea is to provide cheap sustainable technology
to the masses to empower them to meet a part of
their own demands. This should be central to the idea
of the establishment of a Future City.
Steps to be taken:-
Provide Appropriate Tech at affordable
prices for the masses to be able to
harvest renewable sources of energy and
rain water at the same time.
Spread Awareness about Long terms
gains on such investments
Engineer properly foolproof designs to
implement on large scales
Upgrade Transmission Lines and Check
pilferage to increase efficiency of old
energy generation processes
Establish a network for flow in and out of
electricity and harvested water from
homes to a local reservoir-Like Andhra
Pradesh Solar Power Schemes
Electricity/Energy and Micro need fulfillment at home level
Outline of Scheme
1)Power generated should be used by that house.surplus
power to be turned over to the grid,in return,power credit to
be given
2)Power credit used to buy power in times of low solar
power generation/higher needs.
3)Wind power to be factored in and used with time
In 2006 between the domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors, India used
approximately 829 billion cubic meters of water every year, which is approximately the
size of Lake Erie. By 2050 demand is expected to double and consequently exceed the
1.4 trillion cubic meters of supply. Thus Future Cities should be equipped to deal
with water demands of this stature.
Reduce
•Reduce use of water
at micro
levels,through
National Awareness
Programmes
•Reduce wastage of
water, through
awareness and
technical
upgradation.
Reuse
•Install Local Water
Treatment Plants to
reuse water from
local
sources/Rainwater
•Install Regional
Treatment plants,to
purify waste water
from industries
etc.,for
domestic/agricultural
uses
Harvest
•Implement Schemes
for nationwide
household water
harvesting,
analogous to MNRE
Solar City
Programme
•Implement Water
credit Schemes,
analogous to solar
power credit
schemes
International Approach For Future Water Management
1)Desalinisation Plants-1 in every 2 people live near a coast so desalinisation
plants make for a great way of potable water generation.National Level Research
should be funded to find cheap,and sustainable processes of desalinisation
2)Water Market-saving just 5-10% of agricultural irrigation in upstream
watersheds could satisfy a city’s entire water needs .Farmers should profit from
the water they save(to motivate them)by being able to “sell” it in one way or the
other. Governments should help establish Water Markets like in Murray-Darling
Basin,Australia. Or Deals between irrigation regions and cities.
Potable Water
Micro-Level Water Governance
For Future Cities
1) Community outreach program
to involve people for water
conservation.eg-San Antonio
Water System’s Program
2)Government sponsored
incentives, free consultation, and
rebates for citizens to conserve
water
3)Water Treaties with local
farmers, motivating them with
benefits and/or financial
assistance in lieu of water
conservation on their part. This
water is an excellent local water
resource
4)Setting up of Government
Institutes for
Agricultural/Irrigational water
conservation technology.
Mobility
By 2050, India will add another 497 million to
its urban population, and the estimated transit
demand by 2021 is likely to increase by over
2½ times. These estimates lay bare glaring
deficits in the current level of public transport.
Inadequate and inefficient transport
infrastructure will prevent the economy from
realizing its full growth potential, and increase
the cost of transport.
Forming the National Urban Transport Finance
Corporation(NUTFC), which would be a non-banking
financial institution(NBFC) formed for providing loans to
mass transit agencies
Engineering New-Age Public Transport systems using high
rise Mono rail systems, Underground Metrorail,and
efficient surface transport network(Preferrably e-
transport)
Providing subsidies on owning and maintaining e-cars.
Funding Research for public e-transport.
Conversion of all Government and Public Transport
vehicles to electric car forms by a fixed time frame
Providing incentives to companies following “Walk to
work”priniciple wherein companies give accomodation to
employees within walking distance of the office
Aerospace
LandWater
Future Integrated Transport
System
1)Reduce demand for
transport using “virtual
transport”-
Telecommunication,E-
commerce etc.
Improve efficiency
Set-up institutions to monitor
and regulate Future Transport
2)Provide for seamless and
high quality intermodal
transport-sea to rail, land to
air etc. Fine-tune use of all
modes to achieve efficient and
time saving transport
techniques
3)Provide funding for and set
up organizations to create
quiet,clean,environment
friendly,highly efficient and
safe modes of transport.
4)Creation of National Vision
For Transport 2050 and
Nationwide Infrastructure to
improve future transport
Security-With a 212% increase in
total cognizable crimes in India
from 1953 to 2006,security will be
a major factor that will decide the
form of our future cities
Year
Total
cog.
crimes
under
IPC
Murder
Kidnap
ping
Robber
y
Theft
Burglar
y
1953
6,01,96
4
9,802 5,261 8,407
147,37
9
20,529
2006
18,78,2
93
32,481 23,991 18,456 91,666 56,641
%
Change
in 2006
over
1953
212.0 231.0 356.0 120.0 −38.0 176.0
Current Security Concerns
• Shortage of 0.5 million police
officials
• MIT Research shows lack of trust
on Indian police
• Outdated
equipment/infrastructure
• Inefficient crime punishment
procedure ,increasing pending
cases
• Inept crime prevention system
Security Measures For Future cities
Procurement and Installation of CCTV cameras, wherever
feasible. Setting-up of special control rooms to monitor such
CCTVs
Setting up of National Police Training Institutes and Police
Watchdog organizations in major cities, to train and monitor
police personnel respectively
Restructure National Police training to include formal
education of appropriate level, and sensitization courses to
create sensible. Trained and educated officers.
Revise pay for the police forces, and create funds for
infrastructure and equipment, to bring pride into police
services
Train Local Personnel to act as ad-hoc security officials for
each locailty, ensuring constant surveillance in each area
Increase Patrols in selected places across cities
Induction of region specific Helpline numbers for speedy
response
Primary education
The Program for International Student
Assessment (PISA) ranks India almost at the
bottom of the pack in terms of math and
English literacy. This, according to its test, is
attributed to the “lack of application-oriented
math in schools". Future Cities will need to
address the demand for uniform high quality
education across all cities
Problems
•Low scores on PISA
indicate wrong methods of
learning/incomplete
concepts
•99 percent of the 7.95 lakh
teachers who appeared for
the latest Central Teacher
Eligibility Test, a
benchmark for teacher
eligibility, failed to clear
the exam. This is largely
due to the outdated B.Ed
degree system.
•Lack of Quality Education
institutions in every city
Solutions
•Formation of Centralized
testing institutions to test
students across all cities
and across all boards of
education
•Establishment of National
Teacher Training
institutions with branches
in every state, to ensure
quality training of teachers
•Proper implementations of
RTE coupled with
expanding current schools
to accommodate more
students
Employment
By 2030, India will be the country which will have the
largest working age population in the world and
possibly the youngest population
too. Unemployment rate in India has increased. It is
2% in rural areas and 3% in urban India.
The unemployment rate per 1,000 population is at 27,
while it was 25 two years ago. As on January 1, 2010,
the number of unemployed was 9.8 million. By
January 1, 2012, it has increased to 10.8 million.
Future Cities: Provision for Employment
within one’s city
A second energy revolution in India,(for
renewable energy)could generate 1.5 million
jobs according to a report by Greenpeace
India. Keeping this in mind, Future cities
should exploit all possible renewable sources
of energy in/around the city to generate
employment
Generation of Region specific jobs.
Setting up of local Employment agencies to
help people search for appropriate jobs
Preferential employment of locals for ad-hoc
local projects to save time and money
Healthcare-With a staggering population to
handle, Future Cities should be well equipped
to keep their residents healthy
Establishment of
State-of-the-Art
Hospitals in all
major cities
Establishment of
Local Emergency
Helpline numbers
for speedy
response
Ingenious location
of hospital,
central to a city,
for easy
serviceability and
reachability
Deployment of
Eminent Doctors
in each city using
a centralized
deployment
scheme
Access to health and
social services
Clean ,green areas
for exercise, leisure
Public Sports
complex/stadium
Recreational
facilities
Agencies to check
intra city pollution
Food-By 2050,India’s Population will be 1.69 billion, whilst China’s will be 1.31 billion. This gives
reason for Future Cities to try to be as much self sufficient in terms of food, as possible.
Food security solutions for Future Cities
1)Convert wasteland near Cities to farmland to meet the city’s specific demands
2)Encourage “Kitchen Gardens” and “Urban Farming” methods, to generate small amounts of food.
3)Sustainable Development-Conversion of valuable farmland to urban sprawls should be stopped. Shelter for the
growing population should not be at the cost of Food Dependency
Maintenance
Park
Maintenance
Street
Maintenance
Storm Drain
System
Maintenance
Fleet/Equipment
Maintenance
Hygiene/
Maintenance
Future cities: Maintenance and Hygiene
1)The City Municipal Authorities should have specialized
departments catering to each of the above needs of a city’s
maintenance
2)Design and planning should be done by able engineers and
architects. Cues may be taken from the Indus Valley
Civilizations wherein the roads where designed along the
natural direction of winds, so that the roads would be swept
clean by the winds
3)Cities should have a separate Hygiene Evaluation department
which would oversee the work of all other organizations with
respect to the city’s hygiene
Specialized Departments
Park Maintenance-The Park
Maintenance section's primary
mission is the maintenance of the
City's park and open space assets.
Like-litter removal, restroom
maintenance, turf management,
landscape maintenance, tree
maintenance, irrigation system
maintenance.
Street Maintenance
The Street Maintenance Section's
primary mission is the maintenance
of the City's transportation assets.
Year-round activities include a
street sweeping, sign maintenance
and installation, inclement weather
response, community event support
Storm Drain Maintenance-Should be
a dynamic department whose main
aim would be to keep a city’s roads
from getting flooded.
Fleet/Equipment Maintenance-The
main aim of this department would
be to maintain the vehicle
fleet/equipment of the city
maintenance departments and the
like. It's scope can be widened to
maintain public transport vehicles.
Communication-Future Cities should be prepared to cater to the communication
needs of a huge population. Effective Communication would ease transport burden
due to “Virtual Transport” Capabilities
Steps
• Establishment of city wide Wi-Fi Networks
to enable internet access for all, analogous
to the MIT Roofnet program
• Establishment of Government
Videocommunication services at
prominent locations in the city,analogous
to Cisco’s Video communication Services
Benefits
• Cheap internet access for all can also earn
valuable revenue for the Government
• Wi-Fi Connectivity everywhere.
• Would help to curb unnecessary transport
due to high quality video interface
solutions for business/enterprise works
Communication
Internet
Wired Phones
Video
communication
Cellular phones
REFERENCES
1.CENSUS REPORT 2011
2.BM.(2011). IBM Helps India’s Wave Inc Build Smarter Township.Retrieved from
https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/36054.wss
3.McKinsey Global Institute. (2010). India’s Urban Awakening: Building Inclusive Cities,
Sustaining Economic Growth. Retrieved from
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/urbanization/urban_awakening_in_india
4.Dhar, A. (2012, April 6). India will see highest urban population rise in next 40 years. The
Hindu. Retrieved from
http://www.thehindu.com/news/india-will-see-highest-urban-population-rise-in-next-40-
years/article3286896.ece
3.Forbes
4.Wikipedia

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  • 1. FUTURE CITIES ENSURING WORLD CLASS CIVIC AMENITIES IN URBAN INDIA • TEAM DETAILS 1> TEAM NAME SANKALP 2> TEAM MEMBERS <i> ENAYATUL HAQUE <ii> SWAGATAM CHAKRABORTI <iii> ARITRO BANERJEE <iv> JIT KAMDAR <v> HARSH JOHARI
  • 2. Needs Food Electricity Other Forms Of energy Hygiene •Drainage •Maintenance Security Employment Primary Education Potable Water Transport Healthcare These core areas, need special emphasis in order to plan our future cities, and to try to meet all these demands of the population with a higher degree of proximity Factors to consider while designing Future Cities
  • 3. Need Fulfillment Macro Need Fulfillment Micro Need Fulfillment Country Zone State Region City Locality A Single Home Macro Micro The aim of this approach would be to enable the masses to shift from macro need fulfillment to micro need fulfillment, as much as possible. A simple procedure would be to try and have as many needs of a single home fulfilled on each level and to carry minimum number of requisites to the next level.
  • 4. A Single House should be made capable of Generating some amount of electricity Use Rain Water Harvesting coupled with filtration techniques to generate potable water Generate small amount of food using small “Kitchen gardens” The Idea is to provide cheap sustainable technology to the masses to empower them to meet a part of their own demands. This should be central to the idea of the establishment of a Future City. Steps to be taken:- Provide Appropriate Tech at affordable prices for the masses to be able to harvest renewable sources of energy and rain water at the same time. Spread Awareness about Long terms gains on such investments Engineer properly foolproof designs to implement on large scales Upgrade Transmission Lines and Check pilferage to increase efficiency of old energy generation processes Establish a network for flow in and out of electricity and harvested water from homes to a local reservoir-Like Andhra Pradesh Solar Power Schemes Electricity/Energy and Micro need fulfillment at home level Outline of Scheme 1)Power generated should be used by that house.surplus power to be turned over to the grid,in return,power credit to be given 2)Power credit used to buy power in times of low solar power generation/higher needs. 3)Wind power to be factored in and used with time
  • 5. In 2006 between the domestic, agricultural, and industrial sectors, India used approximately 829 billion cubic meters of water every year, which is approximately the size of Lake Erie. By 2050 demand is expected to double and consequently exceed the 1.4 trillion cubic meters of supply. Thus Future Cities should be equipped to deal with water demands of this stature. Reduce •Reduce use of water at micro levels,through National Awareness Programmes •Reduce wastage of water, through awareness and technical upgradation. Reuse •Install Local Water Treatment Plants to reuse water from local sources/Rainwater •Install Regional Treatment plants,to purify waste water from industries etc.,for domestic/agricultural uses Harvest •Implement Schemes for nationwide household water harvesting, analogous to MNRE Solar City Programme •Implement Water credit Schemes, analogous to solar power credit schemes International Approach For Future Water Management 1)Desalinisation Plants-1 in every 2 people live near a coast so desalinisation plants make for a great way of potable water generation.National Level Research should be funded to find cheap,and sustainable processes of desalinisation 2)Water Market-saving just 5-10% of agricultural irrigation in upstream watersheds could satisfy a city’s entire water needs .Farmers should profit from the water they save(to motivate them)by being able to “sell” it in one way or the other. Governments should help establish Water Markets like in Murray-Darling Basin,Australia. Or Deals between irrigation regions and cities. Potable Water Micro-Level Water Governance For Future Cities 1) Community outreach program to involve people for water conservation.eg-San Antonio Water System’s Program 2)Government sponsored incentives, free consultation, and rebates for citizens to conserve water 3)Water Treaties with local farmers, motivating them with benefits and/or financial assistance in lieu of water conservation on their part. This water is an excellent local water resource 4)Setting up of Government Institutes for Agricultural/Irrigational water conservation technology.
  • 6. Mobility By 2050, India will add another 497 million to its urban population, and the estimated transit demand by 2021 is likely to increase by over 2½ times. These estimates lay bare glaring deficits in the current level of public transport. Inadequate and inefficient transport infrastructure will prevent the economy from realizing its full growth potential, and increase the cost of transport. Forming the National Urban Transport Finance Corporation(NUTFC), which would be a non-banking financial institution(NBFC) formed for providing loans to mass transit agencies Engineering New-Age Public Transport systems using high rise Mono rail systems, Underground Metrorail,and efficient surface transport network(Preferrably e- transport) Providing subsidies on owning and maintaining e-cars. Funding Research for public e-transport. Conversion of all Government and Public Transport vehicles to electric car forms by a fixed time frame Providing incentives to companies following “Walk to work”priniciple wherein companies give accomodation to employees within walking distance of the office Aerospace LandWater Future Integrated Transport System 1)Reduce demand for transport using “virtual transport”- Telecommunication,E- commerce etc. Improve efficiency Set-up institutions to monitor and regulate Future Transport 2)Provide for seamless and high quality intermodal transport-sea to rail, land to air etc. Fine-tune use of all modes to achieve efficient and time saving transport techniques 3)Provide funding for and set up organizations to create quiet,clean,environment friendly,highly efficient and safe modes of transport. 4)Creation of National Vision For Transport 2050 and Nationwide Infrastructure to improve future transport
  • 7. Security-With a 212% increase in total cognizable crimes in India from 1953 to 2006,security will be a major factor that will decide the form of our future cities Year Total cog. crimes under IPC Murder Kidnap ping Robber y Theft Burglar y 1953 6,01,96 4 9,802 5,261 8,407 147,37 9 20,529 2006 18,78,2 93 32,481 23,991 18,456 91,666 56,641 % Change in 2006 over 1953 212.0 231.0 356.0 120.0 −38.0 176.0 Current Security Concerns • Shortage of 0.5 million police officials • MIT Research shows lack of trust on Indian police • Outdated equipment/infrastructure • Inefficient crime punishment procedure ,increasing pending cases • Inept crime prevention system Security Measures For Future cities Procurement and Installation of CCTV cameras, wherever feasible. Setting-up of special control rooms to monitor such CCTVs Setting up of National Police Training Institutes and Police Watchdog organizations in major cities, to train and monitor police personnel respectively Restructure National Police training to include formal education of appropriate level, and sensitization courses to create sensible. Trained and educated officers. Revise pay for the police forces, and create funds for infrastructure and equipment, to bring pride into police services Train Local Personnel to act as ad-hoc security officials for each locailty, ensuring constant surveillance in each area Increase Patrols in selected places across cities Induction of region specific Helpline numbers for speedy response
  • 8. Primary education The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) ranks India almost at the bottom of the pack in terms of math and English literacy. This, according to its test, is attributed to the “lack of application-oriented math in schools". Future Cities will need to address the demand for uniform high quality education across all cities Problems •Low scores on PISA indicate wrong methods of learning/incomplete concepts •99 percent of the 7.95 lakh teachers who appeared for the latest Central Teacher Eligibility Test, a benchmark for teacher eligibility, failed to clear the exam. This is largely due to the outdated B.Ed degree system. •Lack of Quality Education institutions in every city Solutions •Formation of Centralized testing institutions to test students across all cities and across all boards of education •Establishment of National Teacher Training institutions with branches in every state, to ensure quality training of teachers •Proper implementations of RTE coupled with expanding current schools to accommodate more students Employment By 2030, India will be the country which will have the largest working age population in the world and possibly the youngest population too. Unemployment rate in India has increased. It is 2% in rural areas and 3% in urban India. The unemployment rate per 1,000 population is at 27, while it was 25 two years ago. As on January 1, 2010, the number of unemployed was 9.8 million. By January 1, 2012, it has increased to 10.8 million. Future Cities: Provision for Employment within one’s city A second energy revolution in India,(for renewable energy)could generate 1.5 million jobs according to a report by Greenpeace India. Keeping this in mind, Future cities should exploit all possible renewable sources of energy in/around the city to generate employment Generation of Region specific jobs. Setting up of local Employment agencies to help people search for appropriate jobs Preferential employment of locals for ad-hoc local projects to save time and money
  • 9. Healthcare-With a staggering population to handle, Future Cities should be well equipped to keep their residents healthy Establishment of State-of-the-Art Hospitals in all major cities Establishment of Local Emergency Helpline numbers for speedy response Ingenious location of hospital, central to a city, for easy serviceability and reachability Deployment of Eminent Doctors in each city using a centralized deployment scheme Access to health and social services Clean ,green areas for exercise, leisure Public Sports complex/stadium Recreational facilities Agencies to check intra city pollution Food-By 2050,India’s Population will be 1.69 billion, whilst China’s will be 1.31 billion. This gives reason for Future Cities to try to be as much self sufficient in terms of food, as possible. Food security solutions for Future Cities 1)Convert wasteland near Cities to farmland to meet the city’s specific demands 2)Encourage “Kitchen Gardens” and “Urban Farming” methods, to generate small amounts of food. 3)Sustainable Development-Conversion of valuable farmland to urban sprawls should be stopped. Shelter for the growing population should not be at the cost of Food Dependency
  • 10. Maintenance Park Maintenance Street Maintenance Storm Drain System Maintenance Fleet/Equipment Maintenance Hygiene/ Maintenance Future cities: Maintenance and Hygiene 1)The City Municipal Authorities should have specialized departments catering to each of the above needs of a city’s maintenance 2)Design and planning should be done by able engineers and architects. Cues may be taken from the Indus Valley Civilizations wherein the roads where designed along the natural direction of winds, so that the roads would be swept clean by the winds 3)Cities should have a separate Hygiene Evaluation department which would oversee the work of all other organizations with respect to the city’s hygiene Specialized Departments Park Maintenance-The Park Maintenance section's primary mission is the maintenance of the City's park and open space assets. Like-litter removal, restroom maintenance, turf management, landscape maintenance, tree maintenance, irrigation system maintenance. Street Maintenance The Street Maintenance Section's primary mission is the maintenance of the City's transportation assets. Year-round activities include a street sweeping, sign maintenance and installation, inclement weather response, community event support Storm Drain Maintenance-Should be a dynamic department whose main aim would be to keep a city’s roads from getting flooded. Fleet/Equipment Maintenance-The main aim of this department would be to maintain the vehicle fleet/equipment of the city maintenance departments and the like. It's scope can be widened to maintain public transport vehicles.
  • 11. Communication-Future Cities should be prepared to cater to the communication needs of a huge population. Effective Communication would ease transport burden due to “Virtual Transport” Capabilities Steps • Establishment of city wide Wi-Fi Networks to enable internet access for all, analogous to the MIT Roofnet program • Establishment of Government Videocommunication services at prominent locations in the city,analogous to Cisco’s Video communication Services Benefits • Cheap internet access for all can also earn valuable revenue for the Government • Wi-Fi Connectivity everywhere. • Would help to curb unnecessary transport due to high quality video interface solutions for business/enterprise works Communication Internet Wired Phones Video communication Cellular phones
  • 12. REFERENCES 1.CENSUS REPORT 2011 2.BM.(2011). IBM Helps India’s Wave Inc Build Smarter Township.Retrieved from https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/36054.wss 3.McKinsey Global Institute. (2010). India’s Urban Awakening: Building Inclusive Cities, Sustaining Economic Growth. Retrieved from http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/urbanization/urban_awakening_in_india 4.Dhar, A. (2012, April 6). India will see highest urban population rise in next 40 years. The Hindu. Retrieved from http://www.thehindu.com/news/india-will-see-highest-urban-population-rise-in-next-40- years/article3286896.ece 3.Forbes 4.Wikipedia