Ht&m h&s-2012.ppt

Safety Office
www.safety.ncl.ac.uk
HT&M – Management
Health and Safety
Awareness

Safety Office
Outline of session
 Who are we
 Outcomes of session
 Why health and safety?
 Safety law
 Safety management
 Risk assessment
 Dark arts

Safety Office
Who are we?
• Newcastle University Health and Safety Office
• A team of health and safety professionals
• We have seen the effects of getting it wrong
– Serious Injuries
– Prosecutions
– Notices
– Publicity
• We want you to get it right

Safety Office
Outcomes of session
 By the end of the session you should
have a basic awareness of the Health
and Safety issues of managing a
museum or other attraction.
 And an indication of where to go for more
information and assistance

Safety Office
Outcomes of session
 This session contributes towards the module aims
to:
• be familiar with the requirements of health and safety
legislation in the public and private areas of a museum, gallery
or heritage site
• be familiar with the issues relating to children and volunteers in
the heritage sector
• have begun to understand the importance of training
• be familiar with the concept of strategic planning
• be aware of the importance of developing policies, procedures
and good practice in the management of people, including
communications, involvement and motivation

Safety Office
Why Health and Safety 1
A Roman Perspective
 Lead miners were known to die early
 Slaves were sent to the
mines as a punishment
 Finally link between lead
and ill health established
 Lead is now recognized
as a neuro-toxin and poison
More recently in the USA it was proposed that only old people
work with asbestos as they won‟t have time to die from asbestosis

Safety Office
Development of UK
Legislation
 Mid C19th the first Factories Acts
 Various other industry specific safety Acts
 The Flixborough Disaster
 The Robens Commission
 1974 The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act
 Risk Assessed regulation as the new „fashion‟

Safety Office
Why Health and Safety 3
Motivations
The four main motivations are:
 Economic benefit
Reduced losses – accidents cost a lot – mostly
uninsurable
 Moral Imperative
Seen to be bad to kill people – Clapham Junction
 Legal imperative
Not good for business to get prosecuted
 Institutional drive
Organisation wants to ensure it knows what it is doing
and why – so establishes rules and policies

Safety Office
Health and Safety at Work Act
(HASAWA)
 Covers all work activities
 Requires Safety Policies (all but
smallest Co‟s.)
 “So far as is reasonably
practicable”
 Applies to the Self Employed
 Uses Regulations and
Approved Codes of Practice for
the details.

Safety Office
HASAWA S2
“It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure,
so far as is reasonably practicable, the health,
safety and welfare at work of all his
employees.”
Especially by:
- Maintenance of plant
- Safe handling of materials
- Instruction and training
- Safe and Healthy workplaces

Safety Office
HASAWA S3
Employers must
ensure, so far as is
reasonably practicable,
that persons not in their
employment are not
exposed to risks to their
health and safety.
E.g. members of the public, children, contractors etc.

Safety Office
Museum Prosecuted !
 Geological samples on
show
 Some samples
radioactive
 Courts - a danger to
public
 HASAWA S 3(1) and
Ionising Radiations
Regulations prosecution

Safety Office
HASAWA S7
“It shall be the duty of every employee while
at work”
 to take reasonable care for the health and
safety of himself and of other persons who may
be affected by his acts or omissions at work;
 to co-operate with his employer so far as is
necessary to enable that duty to be complied
with.

Safety Office
HASAWA S8
“No person shall intentionally or
recklessly interfere with or misuse
anything provided in the interests of
health, safety or welfare in pursuance
of any of the relevant statutory
provisions.”
Use of fire extinguishers to hold open
fire doors – is it illegal?

Safety Office
Statute/Criminal Law
 HSWA and Regulations
 Breaches are criminal offences
 Purpose is preventative and punishment
 Penalties are fines (not insured) and
prison (rare)
 Enforced by the Health and Safety
Executive (HSE)

Safety Office
Common/Civil Law
 Based on a general duty of care and
negligence
 Derived from judicial precedent
 Purpose is compensation (insured costs)
 Action taken by an individual (civil court)
 Employers are vicariously liable for employee
actions
 Maybe contributory negligence by employee

Safety Office
The Costs of Failure
 Failure to manage health and safety can result
in:
• prosecution,
fines and imprisonment
• compensation claims
• loss of output or service
• replacement costs
• loss of reputation

Safety Office
Hypothetical Case Story
 Member of public trips on stairs, is the
museum liable?
 Does it change it if the carpet is loose?
 What if the stairs were outside?
 What if the lights had failed?
 What other factors could be in play?

Safety Office
Safety Management
 The Safety Policy
– Required by HASAWA
 The Risk Assessment
– Required by the
“Management Regulations” 1999
 Emergency Plans
– Required for some instances
– e.g. fire evacuation,
– especially for disabled persons

Safety Office
Safety Management
 Imperative for good business management
 Public enquiry‟s continually identify failure of
safety management as the prime cause of
disasters.
Herald of Free Enterprise / Costa Concordia
Bradford Fire / Hillsbrough
Hatfield/ Clapham rail crashes
Piper Alpha
 Risk Assessment is main driver for all new
safety legislation worldwide

Safety Office
Risk Assessment
Risk Assessments identify
 Main hazards
 Who is at risk
 Probability of event happening
 How to protect against the event
 What is “reasonably practicable”
 What records need to be kept
Easy method for
Risk Assessment is
provided by the HSE
and called the “5
Steps” method. See
HSE website at
www.hse.gov.uk and
look in the free
leaflets section.
See www.hse.gov.uk/risk/index.htm
See www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.pdf

Safety Office
What Risk Assessments are
needed here?

Safety Office
Risk Assessment –
Further Assistance
HSE website links are particularly good – especially
An Introduction to health and safety
www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg259.pdf
Five Steps to Risk Assessment
www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.pdf
The University Safety Office website
http://www.safety.ncl.ac.uk/
IOSH (Institution of Occupational Safety and Health)
www.iosh.co.uk
(IOSH is one of the worlds bodies for safety
professionals)

Safety Office
The Dark Arts
Examples of things to look at.
How safe are your electrics?

Safety Office
How do you change
the light bulb?
Can „little Jim‟ fall between the
balustrades?

Safety Office
What risks are present here – and how
are they controlled?
Look at :
Falls from
height,
Access
(DDA),
Egress,
Security,
Lighting,
Falling
objects,
Smoke and
Fire control.

Safety Office
Fire and Emergency Escape
issues
• How do you
know to leave if
your deaf?
• How does the
wheelchair user
evacuate?
• Who uses the
Evac chair and
are they trained
for it?
• If there is a fire
where do you
go?
• How do I raise
the alarm?

Safety Office
How good is that glass?
 This glass was
measured at 2mm
thick.
 So what are you
going to do about
it?

Safety Office
Now where do I go next?
No apologies for the picture quality.

Safety Office
Violence at Work
How are the staff
going to be
protected against
violence e.g.
theft of the
takings?

Safety Office
Little Jim
likes the
Rhino –
the horn is
nice and
sharp and
his baby
brother sits
in front just
right to
push…

Safety Office
Now Little
Jim still
likes the
Rhino –
but cannot
get to
climb on
the horn
because
the shrubs
are sharp
…

Safety Office
Who looks after the
maintenance?
 All that roofline and windows.
 “Work at Height Regulations”
So if you are not to use ladders
how do you clean windows?
 Don‟t forget you also have a
duty to the contractors.

Safety Office
Conclusions
 Safety management is necessary
but need not be hard
 Look for problems
Look for solutions
 Get advice and assistance
when you need it
 Don’t Panic !

Ht&m h&s-2012.ppt

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Ht&m h&s-2012.ppt